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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Weather
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Day-to-day characteristics of atmospheric conditions
(temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed) |
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Climate
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A long term pattern of weather
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What climate region do we live in?
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Southeastern
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What temperature is the growing season?
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5.6(degrees) C
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Continental Climate
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- Range is > than 25
- less than 1000m precip - summer (most precip) |
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Maritime Climate
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- range is < than 25
- more than 1000mm of precip - winter (most precip) |
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What are the factors affecting climate? (PLOWER)
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P - Proximity to Water
L - Latitude O - Ocean Currents W- Winds & Air Masses E - Elevation R - Relief |
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What Ocean currents affect Canada? (are they hot or cold?)
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- Alaska Current (Warm)
- Labrador Current (Cold) - Gulf Stream (Warm) |
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What happens when two ocean currents meet?
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Fog is created
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Wind
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Air that moves from high pressure to low pressure
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How is wind created?
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1. The sun heats up the ground
- the ground heats the air - the air rises This creates a low pressure area 2. The air cools and descends creating an area of High Pressure |
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Coriolis Effect
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Causes fluids to be deflected
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In the Northern Hemisphere which way are fluids deflected?
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To the right
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In the Tricellular model what are the names of the cells?
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- Polar Cells
- Farallel Cells - Hadley Cells (Equator) - Farallel Cells - Polar Cells |
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In the prevailing winds model what are the names of the winds?
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- Polar Easterlies
- Westerlies - NE Trades - SE Trades - Westerlies - Polar Easterlies |
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Air Mass
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large body of air having similar moisture & temperature conditions throughout
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Source Region
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The type of area from which an air mass originates
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Types of Precipitation:
- Orographic/Relief |
Air is forced up when it runs into a mountain
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Types of Precipitation:
Frontal/Cyclonic |
When a warm, light air mass rises because there is a cooler, denser air mass flowing beneath it (forcing up)
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Types of Precipitation: Convectional Precipitation
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Air has abosorbed heat from the Earths' surface
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What are the 4 Air Masses that affect Canada?
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cA - Continental Arctic
mT- Maritime Tropic mP - Maritime Polar cT - Continental Tropic |
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What are the 5 parts in the 3 Level Prairie?
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Alberta Plain
→ Missouri Couteau Saskatchewan Plain →Manitoba Escarpment Manitoba Plain |
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Eco (Ecosystem)
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-Biotic (living) parts
- Aboitic (non-living) parts |
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Zone (Geographical Region): [what are the factors?]
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has both natural & man-made factors, such as:
- Landform - Climate - Vegetation - Soils - Wildlife - Water |
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Ecozone
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"ecological unit" meaning it has a Naturally Occurring System with many similar chracteristics throughout
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What happens if 1 part of the ecozone is changed?
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Will have an impact on the whole Ecozone
ex: Temp change→affects soils→affects growth of plants→affects animals' food |
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How many land & marine ecozones does Canada have?
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15 Land Ecozones
5 Marine Ecozones 20 Total |
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Which Ecozone do we live in?
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Mixedwood Plains Ecozone
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Soil
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Surface layer of the Earth. Composed of mineral & organic materials, air & water
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Nutrients
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Mineral substance that is absorbed by plant roots
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Humus
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Dark, upper laer of soil made up of partially decayed plant material
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Parent Material
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Bedrock. (rock from which soil is derived)
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Capillary Action
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the movement of water upward through small spaces (as in soil)
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A true soil has: (4 things)
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→ minerals
→ bacteria + organic materials → air → moisture |
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What are the 4 layers (A,B,C,D) that make up soil?
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A: Topsoil
B: Subsoil C: Weathered Rocks D: Parent Material/Bedrock |
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Top Soil
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top layer of soil containing humus
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A dry climate has:
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More topsoil
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A Wet Climate has:
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Less Topsoil
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Leaching:
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Removal of materials from soil by water as it moves downward through the soil. (Occurs in wet climate)
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Calcification:
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Process by which (in a dry climate) water carrying disolved minerals moves upward through the soil. At the surface, the water evaporates leaving the minerals behind
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Which Soil region do we live in?
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Brown Earths soil region
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Transition zone
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An area where one region is changing to the next
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Tree Line
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The line where trees don't grow past becasue it is too cold & harsh to live in
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How many National Parks are there in Canada?
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42 National Parks
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What are the Reasons for Establishing National Parks (RECAPP)?
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R- Recreation
E- Education C- Conservation A- Appreciation P- Protection P- Preservation |
