Unit 3 Ap Psych

Front 1

3 types of neurons

Back 1

sensory, motor, and interneuron

Front 2

sensory neurons

Back 2

Transmit impulses received by receptors to the cn.

Front 3

receptors

Back 3

Specialized cells in the same organs, muscles, skin, and joints

Front 4

motor neurons

Back 4

Carry outgoing signals from the brain or spinal cord to the effector organs, namely the muscles and glands

Front 5

interneurons

Back 5

Receive the signal from the sensory neurons and send impulses to other interneurons or to motor neurons. Only found in the brain and spinal cord

Front 6

Name the neurons

Back 6

dentrites, axons, cell body, and myelin sheath

Front 7

dentrites

Back 7

Bushy, branchy extensions of a neuron that receive messages and conduct impulses toward the cell body. Receive info

Front 8

axon

Back 8

Fibers that pass these impulses to other neurons or to muscles or glands. Pass info on. Can be very long.

Front 9

nerve

Back 9

bundle of elongated axon spawn you into hundreds or thousands of neurons. Single nerves and may contain axons from both sensory and motor neurons

Front 10

myelin sheath

Back 10

Lair of fatty acid that insulates some neurons and help speed their impulses. Very important. Multiple sclerosis.

Front 11

action potential

Back 11

Brief electrical charge that travels down the axon. Electricity generated from chemical event - exchange of electrically charged atoms called ions

Front 12

fluid interior (of resting axon)

Back 12

excess of negatively charged ions

Front 13

fluid exterior (of a resting axon)

Back 13

has positively charged sodium ions

Front 14

rest potential

Back 14

This positive - outside/ negative inside state of the axon

Front 15

Selectively permeable

Back 15

Excellent service is very selective in what it allows in

Front 16

refractory period

Back 16

resting pause....The neuron pumps the positively charged sodium ion atoms back outside then it can fire again. Can occur 100 to 1000 times a second

Front 17

excitatory

Back 17

Pushing on neurons accelerator

Front 18

Inhibitory

Back 18

Pushing on neurons break

Front 19

synapse

Back 19

The gap that separates the axon terminal of one neuron from the receiving neuron

Front 20

reuptake

Back 20

excess neurotransmitters - sending neuron reabsorbs them

Front 21

Name the neurotransmitters

Back 21

acetylcholine, endorphins, dopamine, and serotine

Front 22

acetylcholine

Back 22

Vital role in learning and memory. Messenger at every junction between motor neuron and skeletal muscle. Released to muscle cells and they contract. Alzheimer's disease

Front 23

endorphins

Back 23

Sociated with pleasure and alleviate pain

Front 24

agonists

Back 24

excite. Drug molecule that is similar enough to neurotransmitter to mimic its effects or to block neurotransmitters reuptake

Front 25

antagonists

Back 25

Inhibits the neurotransmitters released or it's similar enough to neurotransmitters to block its effect. Not similar enough to stimulate

Front 26

blood - brain barrier

Back 26

Enables brain to reject unwanted chemicals circulating in blood. Some chemicals don't have the right to shape to slither through. Hard to design therapeutic drugs - blocks them

Front 27

Parkinsons tremors

Back 27

Results from death of nerve cells that produce dopamine. Give them dopamine....Doesn't work. Don't cross the blood brain barrier. L-dopa can sneak through