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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Macromolecules |
are large molecules made of smaller subunits or building blocks. Living things are made up of macrom |
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Enzymes |
are important proteins that speed up chemical reactions in cells and are catalysts! DO NOT change during a reaction, are reusable, and need PERFECT conditions!! |
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Activation Energy |
is the energy cost that must be paid before a chemical reaction can happen. In every reaction |
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Carbohydrate |
MONOMER: Monosaccharide (simple sugar): C6H12O6 POLYMER: Disaccharides and Polysaccharides FUNCTION: Short term energy source STRUCTURE (picture) (hints to identify): Look for simple sugars in structure. They may be bonded together. Example: Simple sugars: fructose, glucose in sugar, juice, honey Complex Carbs: pasta, bread, cellulose, starch, fiber |
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Lipid |
MONOMER: Fatty acids POLYMER: Fatty Acid chains and are hydrophobic: do not mix with or dissolve in water FUNCTION: Long term energy storage, cell membrane structure. Stored in cell vacuoles STRUCTURE (picture) (hints to identify): Look for fatty acid chains. “zigzag lines”. Look for a head and a tail. Example: Cooking oils, butter, grease, shortening. |
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Protein |
MONOMER: Amino Acids POLYMER: Amino acid chains i.e. peptide chains FUNCTION: structure, enzymes, communication, transport, defense, and movement Structure ( picture ) ( hints to identify ): Look for peptide bonds, amino acids like beads on a string, helices, beta sheets, “tangled ribbons and the structure that held together by weak bonds Solution turns purple Example: meat, dairy, legumes, beans |
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Nucleic Acids |
MONOMER: Nucleotide (phosphate, sugar, nitrogenous base) POLYMER: Polynucleotide (chain of nucleotides) Sugar phosphate backbone is “ribbon” or helix. FUNCTION: Genetic information. Directions to make proteins. Structure ( picture ) ( hints to identify ): Nitrogenous bases are the “bars” or “stair steps” Example: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) RNA (ribonucleic acid) |
