Unit 2 Vocabulary Topic 3

Front 1

Amino Acid

Back 1

Carbon compounds joined by peptide bonds that create proteins.

Front 2

Carbohydrate

Back 2

Organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms for each carbon atoms.

Example: glucose=C6H12O6

Front 3

DNA

Back 3

The nucleic acid that transmits traits from one generation to the next (Deoxyribonucleic acid).

Front 4

Inorganic

Back 4

Not having the structure or organization characteristic of living bodies and does not contain Carbon.

Front 5

Lipid

Back 5

An organic molecule composed mostly of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.

Example: fats, oils, and waxes

Front 6

Macromolecule

Back 6

A large complex organic molecule, such as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, with relatively large molecular weight.

Front 7

Monomer

Back 7

A subunit of a polymer and covalently linked to one another through the removal of water.

Example: Glucose

Front 8

Nucleic Acid

Back 8

A large, complex macromolecule containing carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus.

Example: DNA and RNA

Front 9

Nucleotide

Back 9

A unit of a nucleic acid, made up of a phosphate, the sugar ribose or deoxyribose, and a nitrogenous base.

Front 10

Organic

Back 10

A molecule or compound that ALWAYS contains Carbon and sometimes Hydrogen.

Front 11

Protien

Back 11

Organic compound made of amino acids joined by peptide bonds; primary building block of organisms.

Front 12

RNA

Back 12

ribonucleic acid; guides protein synthesis

Front 13

Monosaccharide

Back 13

a carbohydrate that is made up of only one simple sugar molecule

Example: glucose, galactose, and fructose

Front 14

Disaccharide

Back 14

Two monosaccharide molecules bonded together.

Example: sucrose

Front 15

Polysaccharide

Back 15

Chains of monosaccharides.

Example: starch, cellulose, and glycogen are made up of chains of glucose

Front 16

Polymer

Back 16

A large molecule consisting of many smaller subunits bonded together.

Example: polysaccharide

Front 17

Fatty Acid

Back 17

A glycerol molecule and a fatty acid chain make up a lipid.

Front 18

Steriod

Back 18

Any of a large group of fat-soluble organic compounds.

Front 19

Phopholipid

Back 19

A structure that makes up the cell membrane that consists of a phosphate group and fat (lipids). Also known as a phospholipid bilayer.

Front 20

Triglyceride

Back 20

A glycerol bound to three fatty acids. It is the main constituent of vegetable oil and animal fats.