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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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American Loyalists, who sided with the British during the War for Independence,_____________. |
came from all occupations and social classes |
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At the end of the Seven Years' War, American colonists could be best characterized as ______. |
optimistic about the future. |
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The American victory that led to the French alliance occurred at ________. |
Saratoga |
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For the British, French intervention meant ______. |
change in military strategy |
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Which was central to the colonists' position in the Anglo-American debate over parliamentary powers? |
their strong belief in the powers of their own provincial assemblies. |
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What was the most significant consequence of the Seven Years' War? |
Britain's staggering war debt |
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Which list places events in correct order? |
Townshend duties, Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party, Coercive Acts. |
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What was the significance of Thomas Paine's "Common Sense"? |
It provided the colonists with a rationale for revolution. |
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What was the role of the colonial militias? |
They maintained political control in areas not occupied by British troops. |
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What did military strategists in the 1779 predict would be Britain's last chance for victory over the colonies? |
A successful campaign in the Southern colonies. |
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What was the significance of the Treaty of Paris of 1783? |
It allowed Americans the opportunity for an independent nation. |
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The central issue in the Anglo-American debate over governance was_______. |
Parliamentary Sovereignty |
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What does the following quote by Benjamin Rush signify? "The American war is over, but this is far from being the case with the American Revolution. On the contrary, nothing but the first act of the great drama is closed." |
The war was merely the first step in the colonists' moved toward establishing a truly independent nation. |
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The English political philosopher most often cited by American rebels was _________. |
John Locke |
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Which prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains? |
Proclamation of 1763 |
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The Stamp Act of 1765 affected________. |
ordinary people, as well as the elite |
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The Boston Massacre___________. |
raised the possibility of colonial armed resistance |
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The Tea Act of 1773 was passed in order to________. |
save the East India Company |
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The Suffolk Resolves advocated_________. |
forcible resistance to the Coercive Acts |
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The primary author of the Declaration of Independence was __________. |
Thomas Jefferson |
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As understood in the late 1700s, a republic was a system in which ultimate political authority is vested in_____. |
the people |
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An important fact about the Americans who wrote the first state constitutions was that they________. |
demanded written documents |
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In the 1780s, why did Americans disagree sharply over the relative importance of liberty and order? |
After British tyranny, Americans valued liberty but also valued an ordered society. |
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What was the effect of the American Revolution on slavery? |
Initially, the war had little effect on slavery at all. |
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How were women affected by the political ideas of the American Revolution? |
The ideas caused them to be more assertive about their roles in the family. |
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Why did most first state constitutions include a bill of rights? |
To remind future rulers of the exact limits of their authority. |
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Why did disagreements over western lands delay the ratification of the Articles of Confederation? |
Some states claimed the land that Britain had given to Native Americans; other states had no claim on the land. |
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Why was James Madison described as a political genius? |
He helped Americans think of republican government in radical new ways. |
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Why did the delegates at the Philadelphia Constitutional Convention vow to secrecy during the proceedings? |
To avoid erroneous and mischievous rumors. |
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How did the question of slavery impact the Constitutional convention? |
Is threatened to disrupt and destroy the work of the convention. |
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Why did the new Constitution of 1787 call for the election of a president by and electoral college? |
so the president would not be indebted to Congress for his office. |
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Why was the phrase "We the people of the United States: in the new Constitution? |
It was there to avoid mention of the states because of uncertainty about how many and which states would ratify the document. |
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_______ caused the most important changes in voting patterns in the immediate post-war years. |
Western migration |
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How does the modern Bill of Rights compare to that of 1789? |
The modern one allows for freedoms despite ethnicity, race, gender or sexual orientation - provisions that were not made in 1789. |
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John Dickinson's 1776 plan for a new United States government revolved around the concept of__________. |
a strong central government |
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Under the terms of the _______, an orderly process for laying out lands and towns in the western territory was established. |
Land Ordinance of 1785 |
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The most important result of the Annapolis Meeting of 1786 was_______. |
the nationalists' recommendation to Congress for a convention to revise the Articles of Confederation |
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An important procedural decision approved at the opening of the Constitutional Convention involved________. |
the decision to keep deliberations as secret as possible. |
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The proposed new Constitution of 1787 called for the election of a president by_______. |
an electoral college |
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The author of the original proposal for the Bill of Rights was________. |
James Madison |
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Members of the Federalist Party________. |
supported a strong national government |
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In 1798, the Federalists sponsored a military buildup with the intentions of________. |
suppressing internal political dissent |
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As a result of the actions taken by President Adams in 1799,________. |
the United States resolved its differences with France. |
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How was Washington's election to the presidency different from that of every president since? |
He was unanimously elected by the electoral college. |
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Which of the following would Alexander Hamilton have proposed? |
providing government subsidies to manufacturers. |
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How were political parties formed in the United States? |
Opponents who had disagreed on finances began to disagree on which country to support in the European war. |
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What was Hamilton's impact on Jay's Treaty? |
He secretly informed England that the U.S. would compromise on all issues. |
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Why did Washington view the Whiskey Rebellion as treason? |
Because the governor refused to suppress the rebellion, Washington saw it as a state's refusal to pay taxes and violent protest against the government. |
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How was John Adams' presidency made much more difficult? |
Alexander Hamilton interfered and opposed him constantly. |
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How did the XYZ Affair affect U.S. politics? |
High Federalists used the tensions it created as an excuse for military expansion. |
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Why did the Sedition Act distress many Americans? |
It threatened their political right to disagree with and speak out against the government. |
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For many Americans, George Washington was______. |
A symbol of the new government. |
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How was the election of 1800 a peaceful revolution? |
Although politicians passionately disagreed about who should be president, they voted and re-voted rather than use violence. |
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By the end of George Washington's first term of office,_________. |
political squabbling had divided the government |
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Hamilton's Report on the Public Credit recommended______. |
that the federal government assume remaining state debts. |
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Opposition to Hamilton's proposed national bank_____. |
involved issues relating to Congress' constitutional powers |
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The Report on Manufacturers suggested______. |
Protective tariffs |
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In the early 1790s, British actions toward the United States indicated_______. |
disdain for American rights |
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Jay's Treaty succeeded in ________. |
getting British troops to withdraw from the northwest forts. |
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The election of 1796 was complicated by_________. |
behind-the-scenes manipulations by Alexander Hamilton. |
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By 1810, one-fifth of the American population was made up of_________. |
Blacks |
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Why were Americans so optimistic under Jeffersonian Republicanism? |
Many Americans believed opportunities were available to them. |
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Why did people move to the West in the early 1800s? |
People moved to create opportunities with farms on the rich soil. |
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What was the main function of American cities during the Jeffersonian era? |
to serve as depots for international trade |
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Why did Thomas Jefferson decide to make the Louisiana Purchase? |
Spain closed to port of New Orleans to American commerce. |
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How can Jefferson's first term best be characterized? |
It was a success in that he reduced taxes, maintained peace, and expanded the United States. |
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Which characterizes Jefferson's stance on slavery? |
He wanted the slave trade outlawed, yet he owned slaves. |
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How were the Orders in Council and Berlin/Milan Decrees similar? |
They both forbade commerce in Europe but were ineffective "paper blockades." |
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How was the U.S. Embargo Act of 1807 ineffective? |
It caused economic mayhem in the U.S. and did little to affect France and England. |
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How did James Madison hope to defeat Great Britain in the War of 1812? |
He hoped to gain control of Canada to show Great Britain that the U.S. was a powerful country worthy of respect. |
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In what ways was the War of 1812 strange? |
The U.S. believed it could win with a decentralized government and little money or military power against the most powerful nation in the world. |
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The contribution of________led to the birth of the factory system in the United States. |
Samuel Slater |
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How did Hartford Convention lead to the downfall of the Federalists? |
The Hartford federalists sent their resolutions to Washington just after the victorious Battle of New Orleans, making them look unpatriotic and selfish. |
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As the chief negotiator with France, _______ engineered the Louisiana Purchase. |
James Monroe |
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The Lewis and Clark expedition_______. |
traveled up the Missouri River to the Pacific Northwest. |
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Chief Justice John Marshall believed in judicial review, which is_________. |
the power of the courts to determine the constitutionality of the actions of the other two branches. |
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According to the policy of peaceable coercion,______. |
economic pressure is used as a diplomatic weapon. |
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The effect of Macon's Bill Number Two was that______. |
Napoleon promised to rescind the Berlin and Milan decrees. |
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At the battle of New Orleans,______. |
British forces were routed by Andrew Jackson and his troops. |
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The Treaty of Ghent__________. |
did little more than end hostilities and postpone issues for future negotiations |
