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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
An investor purchases 5M ABC J&J 15 8s of 09
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- 5M - 5 $1,000 bonds
- ABC - issuer of the bond - corporate bond because its three letter name - J&J 15 - pays interest on Jan 15 and july 15 - pays 8% annually - nominal rate - 09 - will receive the principal at maturity in 09 |
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three bond maturities
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1) term maturity - principal of the whole issue matures at once - all principal repaid at one time - may establish a sinking fund to retire the bonds to at maturity
2) serial maturity - schedules portions of the principal to mature at inviterals 3) balloon maturity - combination - repays part of principal before maturity and pays the rest at maturity |
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coupon bonds
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- called bearer bonds
- no proof of ownership needed to sell a bearer bond - holders collect interest by clipping coupons recieved at sale and deliver them to the paying agent |
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types of bonds
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1) registered bonds - bondholders name is recorded and is on certificate
2) fully registered - registered as to both interest and principal - most common 3) principal only registered - owners name printed on the certificate but the couponsa re in bearer form - when sold the new owners names are recorded in order on the certificates and on the issuers registration record - no longer issued 4) book entry bonds - no not receive certificates - transfer agen maintains security's ownership records |
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corporate bond quotes
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- states as percentages of increments of 1/8
- 98 18 means 98 and 1/8% or 98.125% - quotes in points - one point is 1% of 1,000 or $10 - there are 100 basis points in each point |
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investment grade
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- a municipal bond must be investment grade, a rating of BBB/Baa or higher, to be suitable for purchase by banks
- also known as bank grade bonds |
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Government agency issues
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- second highest degree of safety - government only backs GNMA
- GNMA - FFCB (Federal farm credit banks) - FHLMC (freddie Mac) - FNMA (Fannie Mae) |
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Municipal issues
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- 3 level of safety - GO bonds
- backed by the taxing power of the issuer - safer than revenue bonds |
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corporate debt
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- runs from very safe to very risky in this order:
- secured bonds - debentures - subordinated debentures - income bonds |
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sinking funds
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- trust indenture requires this to be used to call bonds, redeem bonds at maturity, or buy back bonds in the open market
- improves the bonds marketability |
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refunding and prerefunding
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refunding - raising money to call a bond - issuer reifinancing
prefunding - known as advance refunding - new issue is sold at a lower coupon before original bond issue can be called - issuer pre-refunds a bond issue to lock in a favorable interest rate - prerefunded bonds are AAA rated, considered defeased, are escrowed in government securities, marketability increases, once pre-refunded the issue is no longer considered part of the outstanding debt of the issuer |
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puttable bonds
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- in return for lower interest rate, investor receives the right to put or sell the bond at full face value
- once puttable, the investor has the right once e year to force the issuer to buy back the bonds at par - most commonly found in municipal bonds - investor is protected against market risk |