Unit 1 Exploring Earth

Front 1

1. Name Earth's 5 natural systems.

Back 1

1. atmosphere 2. geosphere
3. hydrosphere 4. biosphere
5. cryosphere

Front 2

3. What is density?

Back 2

Density is the relationship between something's mass and its volume.
d = m / v

Front 3

4. Name the layers of the Earth from the inside - out.

Back 3

Inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust

Front 4

5. Why does a compass needle point north?

Back 4

The metallic compass needle lines up with the magnetic field surrounding Earth's spinning core.

Front 5

6. What are landforms?

Back 5

Landforms are topographic features formed by processes that shape Earth's surface.

Front 6

7. What is a mineral?

Back 6

A mineral is a naturally occurring inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and an orderly arrangement of atoms.

Front 7

8. What can geologists infer from the shape of a mineral?

Back 7

They can infer its chemical composition because each mineral has a distinct makeup.

Front 8

9. Why do crystals grow into large & well-developed shapes?

Back 8

When they have the ideal conditions under which to develop

Front 9

10. What are the two main families of rock forming minerals?

Back 9

Silicates and nonsilicates.

Front 10

2. How did Earth develop its spherical shape?

Back 10

Gravity pulled in the irregular bumps on the surface of the newly formed planet.

Front 11

11. What is crystallization?

Back 11

It's when particles dissolved in a liquid solidify and form crystals.

Front 12

12. Name the four ways minerals can form?

Back 12

1. Cool solutions
2. Hot solutions
3. Magma
4. Changes in minerals

Front 13

13. Name the five ways minerals can be identified?

Back 13

1. Color 2. Luster
3. Streak 4. Hardness
5. Cleavage
6. Density 7.Other

Front 14

14. What is a rock?

Back 14

A natural, solid mixture of minerals or grains.

Front 15

15. How are rocks classified?

Back 15

They are classified by
1. Texture
2. Composition

Front 16

16. What are the three major rock types?

Back 16

1. Igneous
2. Sedimentary
3. Metamorphic

Front 17

17. How are igneous rocks formed?

Back 17

Igneous rocks are formed when magma or lava cool.

Front 18

18. What causes holes to form in extrusive igneous rocks?

Back 18

The holes are caused by escaping gasses as the magma or lava cools.

Front 19

19. Name the three types of intrusive igneous rocks.

Back 19

1. granite
2. diorite
3. gabbro

Front 20

20. Name the three types of extrusive igneous rocks.

Back 20

1. rhyolite
2. andesite
3. basalt

Front 21

21. How are sedimentary rocks formed?

Back 21

They are formed when layers of sediment weigh each other down and force the fluids out.

Front 22

22. What is the difference between compaction and sedimentation?

Back 22

Compaction is when weight pushed down on sediment. Cementation is when dissolved minerals hold the sediment together.

Front 23

23. Name the four types of foliated metamorphic rocks.

Back 23

1. slate
2. phyllite
3. schist
4. gneiss

Front 24

24. Name the two types of non-foliated metamorphic rocks.

Back 24

1. quartzite
2. marble.