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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
The endocrine and nervous system function to achieve and maintain ? |
Homeostasis |
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What two systems work together to perform the same general functions : Communication, Integration, and control? |
Nervous and Endocrine (Neuroendocrine system) |
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In the endocrine system, secreting cells send hormone molecules by way of the blood to specific target cells to...? |
specific target cells contained in target tissues or target organs. |
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carried to almost every point in the body ; can regulate most most cells; effects work more slowly but are longer lasting than those of neurotransmitters. |
Hormones |
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"Ductless glands" -many are made of glandular epithelium whose cells manufacture and secrete hormones; a few endocrine glands are made of neurosecretory tissue |
Endocrine Glands |
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Glands of what system are wide spread throughout the body? |
Endocrine |
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Hormones that target other endocrine glands & stimulate growth and secretion. |
Tropic hormones |
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Hormones that target reproductive tissue |
sex hormones |
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Hormones that stimulate anabolim in target cells... |
Anabolic Hormones |
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Hormones are classified by chemical structure. 1._______ 2._______ |
1.Steroid 2. Non-steroid |
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1. is synthesized from cholesterol. 2. Lipid-soluble and can easily pass through the phospholipid plasma membrane of target cells. |
Steroid hormones |
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Give 5 examples of steroid hormones. |
1. Cortisol 2. Aldosterone 3. Estrogen 4. Progesterone 5. Testosterone |
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Synthesized primarily from amino acids |
Nonsteroid hormones |
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Name 4 examples of non steroid hormones |
1. Protein hormones 2. Glycoprotein hormones 3. Peptide hormones 4. Amino Acid Derivative hormones |
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Long folded chains of amino acids; e.g. insulin, parathyroid hormone.. |
Protein hormones |
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Protein hormones with carbohydrate groups attached to the amino acid chain. |
Glycoprotein hormones |
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Smaller than protein hormones, short chain of amino acids; e.g. oxytocin, anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) |
Peptide hormones |
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each is derived from a single amino acid molecule |
Amino Acid Derivative Hormones |
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Synthesized by modifying a single molecule of tyrosine or tryptophan; produced by neurosecretory cells and by neurons; e.g., Epinephrine, norepinephrine |
amine hormones |
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produced by the thyroid gland |
amino acid derivatives |
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synthesized by adding iodine to tyrosine |
amino acid derivatives hormone |
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signal a cell by binding to the target cell's specific receptors |
Hormones |
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Lock and key mechanism is an example |
Hormone |
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Different hormone-receptor interactions produce different regulatory changes within the target cell through ... |
Chemical reactions |
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Combinations of hormones acting together have a greater effect on a target cell than the sum of the effects that each would have if acting alone. |
synergism |
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When a small amount of one hormone allows a second one to have its full effects on a target cell |
Permissiveness |
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One hormone produces the opposite effects of another hormone; used to 'fine tune' the activity of target cells with great accuracy. |
Antagonism |
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Most hormones have |
Primary effects that directly regulate target cells and many secondary effects that influence or modulate other regulatory mechanisms in target cells. |
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____ Produce more hormone molecules than actually are needed Then the unused hormones are quickly excreted by the kidneys or broken down by metabolic processes |
endocrine glands |