Unit 1 Ap Pyschology Test

Front 1

empiricism

Back 1

the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation locke and bacon

Front 2

structuralism

Back 2

an early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind, made by Edward Bradford Titchener

Front 3

functionalism

Back 3

a school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function-how they enable us to adapt, survive and flourish, made by wiliam james

Front 4

behaviorism

Back 4

the view that psychology (1) should be an objective science that (2) studies behavior without reference to mental processes. Most research psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2) made by johhn watson and b.f skinner

Front 5

gestalt pyschology

Back 5

need pieces of mind to have a whole, looks at human mind and behaviour as a whole, kohler, werthemeir

Front 6

psychoanalysis:

Back 6

asserted behaviors and mental disorders arise from conflicts in the unconscious, freuds what you are aware of now

Front 7

what are the main schools of thought?

Back 7

structuralism, functionalism, gestalt, behaviorism, pyschoanalysis

Front 8

seven perspectives of pyschology?

Back 8

sociocultural, neurobiological, evolutionary, cognitive, behavioral, psychological, humanistic, allplied basic research, all behavior is multideterminal

Front 9

where do roots of pyschology originate?

Back 9

in science specifically biology and philosophy, it is eclectic: mixture of many things

Front 10

main issues in pyschology

Back 10

nature vs nurture, stability vs change, rationality versus irrationality

Front 11

nature vs nurture

Back 11

controversy over relative contributions that genes (nature) and experience (nurture) make to the development of pyschological traits and behaviors

Front 12

stability vs change

Back 12

do our traits change as we age or do they stay the same?

Front 13

rationality vs. irrationality

Back 13

are we in control of our own behavior? do we have free will or are we at the mercy of the unconscious desires or our environment

Front 14

what are the levels of analysis

Back 14

biological, psychological, sociocultural: bio-pyschosocial

Front 15

history of psychology

Back 15

pyschology first lost its MIND

(structuralist/introspection)

then its consciousness

(functionalist and gestalt)

but it still somehow behaved:

(behaviorist)

there is now GOOD EVIDENCE:

research on mental activities, using scientific tools

psychology is regaining consciousness

(cognitive, pysch rules)

Front 16

def of pyschology

Back 16

study of mental processes and behavior

Front 17

what is pseudopyschology

Back 17

phony, unscientific, can ause harm, fraud

Front 18

psychiatrist:

Back 18

have md deal only with diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders view patients through medicine, do not care about behavior, dont get PHDS like psychologists, often confused with clinical psychologist

Front 19

biological

Back 19

how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences, how genes combine with environment to influence individual differences

Front 20

evolotionary

Back 20

how the natural selection of traits promoted the survival of the genes

Front 21

pyschodynamic

Back 21

how behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts

Front 22

behavioral

Back 22

how we learn observable responses

Front 23

cognitive

Back 23

how we encode, process, store, and retrieve info

Front 24

humanistic

Back 24

how we meet our needs for love and acceptance and achieve self fulfillment

Front 25

social cultural

Back 25

how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures

Front 26

what is tabula rasa

Back 26

blank slate

Front 27

socrates and plato thought

Back 27

knowledge is within us 400 B.C.E

Front 28

aristotle

Back 28

knowledge grows from experience is not innate

Front 29

rene descartes

Back 29

agreed with socrates tried to learn how mind and body communicate, brain fluid moved through nerves, 1600-1700

Front 30

francis bacon

Back 30

founder modern science, used experimentation, experience, mind finding patterns everywhere

Front 31

john locke

Back 31

tablet rosa, blank slate, experience is used to grow came up with empiricism with bacon

Front 32

wilhem wundt

Back 32

first actual pyschological experiment, 1879

Front 33

edward bradford titchener

Back 33

discover structural elemnts of the mind by using introspection

Front 34

william james

Back 34

studied functions of thoughts, feelings, first pysch textbook

Front 35

mary whiton calkins

Back 35

first female to be president of APA

Front 36

margaret floy washburn

Back 36

first chick to recieve degree

Front 37

john b. watson and rosalie rayner

Back 37

championed pyschology as the science of behavior and demostrated conditioned respones in a baby who became famous little albert

Front 38

B. F Skinner

Back 38

leading behaviorist, rejected introspection, studied how consequences shape behavior

Front 39

developmental pysch

Back 39

studying changing abilities over life

Front 40

educational

Back 40

studying influences on teaching and learning

Front 41

personality pysch:

Back 41

investigate traits

Front 42

applied research

Back 42

tackles real problems, sports,

Front 43

industrial organizationl pysch

Back 43

help companies

Front 44

clinical pysch:

Back 44

treat emotional mental disorders, provide pyschotherapy, medical doctors that can prescribe drugs

Front 45

carl rogers and abrham maslon

Back 45

used humanistic pyschology

Front 46

modern perspectives

Back 46

biological, developmental, cognitive, pyschodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, socio cultural, trait, evolutionary