Umkc Sod Histology Exam 3 Blue Boxes

Front 1

What disorder/disease has: Reflux through the gastro-esophageal sphincter allows gastric acid into the lower esophagus= Heartburn

Back 1

Barrett’s Esophagus

Front 2

In Barrett's Esphagus the epithelia undergoes _________ w/ time
-->Becomes a ________ mucous secreting form (a more protective epithelium)

Back 2

In Barrett's Esphagus the epithelia undergoes METAPLASIA w/ time
-->Becomes a COLUMNAR mucous secreting form (a more protective epithelium)

Front 3

The disease of the metaplastic columnar epithelium of the lower esophagus

Back 3

Barrett's Esphogus

Front 4

In Barrett's esphogus the metaplastic columnar epithelium of the lower esophagus....has a high risk of producing???

Back 4

dysplasia and invasive adenocarcinoma

Front 5

Caused by an immunologic response to gluten (-gluten is a component of wheat, oats, barley, rye…)

Back 5

Coeliac Disease

Front 6

Coeliac Disease Symptoms:

Back 6

Malabsorption
(1.weight loss,
2.Diarrhea,
3.Steatorrhea,
4.Anemia,
5.Vitamin deficiencies)

Front 7

Coeliac Disease
-Blood Tests Show:

Back 7

Anti-endomysial antibodies

Front 8

Coeliac Disease
-Biopsies Show:

Back 8

1.Loss of normal intestinal villi
2.Increase in lymphocytes/ plasma cells in the lamina propia
2 (b).Also increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes the condition is partly due to cell mediate immune
response

Front 9

Coeliac Disease Diagnosis must be confirmed by:

Back 9

Resolution of symptoms/ histological changes after a gluten-free diet

Front 10

In Coeliac Disease an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes shows that the condition is partly due to:

Back 10

^Intraepithelia lymp the condition is partly due to cell mediate immune
response

Front 11

Carcinoma of the Colon and Rectum:

Back 11

-Adenocarcinoma

Front 12

Carcinoma of the Colon and Rectum:
-Adenocarcinoma- Are

Back 12

Malignant tumors from the glandular epithelium

Front 13

Adenocarcinomas of the colon/rectum are common in: _________, But rare in the ______

Back 13

Adenocarcinomas of the colon/rectum are common in: OLDER PPL IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Rare in: SMALL INTESTINE

Front 14

Carcinoma- Colon & Rectum: Adenocarcinoma
-->Predisposing factors:

Back 14

1.Prior existence of benign tumors (adenomas) in the bowel
2.Prior existence of ulcerative colitis
3.Inherited syndromes: familial adenomatous polyposis/ Gardner’s syndrome
4.Dietary factors (low fiber diet)

Front 15

Developing adenocarcinomas involves a # of genetic abnormalities:
-Adenoma-carcinoma: epithelial chances from normal to adenoma w/ increasing degrees of _________ to ______ ________.

Back 15

-Adenoma-carcinoma: epithelial chances from normal to adenoma w/ increasing degrees of DYSPLASIA to INVASIVE CARCINOMA.

Front 16

In Adenocarcinoma malignant cells form:

Back 16

disorganized abnormal glands that invade adjacent tissues

Front 17

In Adenocarcinoma malignant cells form disorganized abnormal glands that invade adjacent tissues
-->Staging the tumor (i.e. predicting the behavior) is due to?

Back 17

Due To: DEPTH of INVASION & SPREAD to MESENTERIC LYMPH NODE

Front 18

In Adenocarcinoma the further the tumor spreads=

Back 18

-Further the tumor spreads= worse the outcome

Front 19

In the adenocarcinoma figure, malignant glands invaded the muscularispropia- What is seen?

Back 19

-small bundles of smooth muscle and necrosis

Front 20

Repeated liver cell destruction causes liver to replace dead liver cells by cell division= regeneration and depositing collagen tissue= scarring... This is known as?

Back 20

Hepatic Cirrhosis:

Front 21

In Hepatic Cirrhosis -Repeated liver cell destruction causes liver to replace dead liver cells by:

Back 21

Cell division= regeneration and depositing collagen tissue= scarring

Front 22

What is the combination of nodules of regenerated liver cells separated by bands of scar tissue

Back 22

Cirrhosis-

Front 23

-In Hepatic Cirrhosis regenerated liver cells have: ______ function ( )

Back 23

REDUCED Function (i.e. lower synthesis of albumin/secretion of bile…)

Front 24

-In Hepatic Cirrhosis scarring/ interruption of sinusoidal system causes: ______ ______ which means what?

Back 24

Portal Hypertension= blood can’t drain from liver via portal vein

Front 25

Hepatic Cirrhosis Causes:
Which one is very rare?

Back 25

1.Chronic Ethanol Abuse
2.Chronic Hepatitis- from hepatitis virus B and C
3.Autoimmune Diseases
4.Excessive Storage of Iron & Copper due to Genetic Metabolic Diseases= Rare

Front 26

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis can be re-established if:

Back 26

Normal Marrow is inadequate demand for fetal function

Front 27

Hematopoiesis can be re-established in adults if:

Back 27

iLver doesn’t normally have hemopoietic tissue

Front 28

Extramedullary Hematopoiesis Causes:

Back 28

1.Fibrosis of the Bone Marrow
2.Replacement of Bone Marrow by Malignancy
3.Genetic Disorders of Hemoglobin Formation= Hemoglobinopathy

Front 29

Extramedullary Hemopoiesis can occur in:_____ & _____ both can become ________ _______

Back 29

Extramedullary Hemopoiesis can occur in: LIVER & SPLEEN BOTH can become ABNORMALLY ENLARGED

Front 30

What is the formation of stones w/I the biliary system?

Back 30

Cholelithiasis-

Front 31

In Cholelithiasis abnormal concentration/precipitation of bile can form STONES= Caliculi w/in ____ ____ or ____ _____ _______

Back 31

In Cholelithiasis abnormal concentration/precipitation of bile can form STONES= Calculi w/in GALL BLADDER or EXTTRAHEPATIC BILARY SYSTEM

Front 32

In Cholelithiasis stones can become _____ in ____ & lead to blockage
-Complete Blockage of the common bile duct= _________
-This would cause: _________

Back 32

In Cholelithiasis stones can become IMPACTED in DUCT & lead to BLOCKAGE
-Complete Blockage of the Common Bile Duct= FAILURE TO SECRETE BILE
-This would cause: JAUNDICE

Front 33

Gall bladders affected by stones become inflamed  ____ called ______

Back 33

PAIN
CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS

Front 34

The life threating condition- Damage to pancreatic acinar cells release pancreatic enzymes into local tissue
These enzymes cause death of tissue & severe inflammation=

Back 34

Acute Pancreatitis

Front 35

In Acute Pancreatitis the release of pancreatic lipases cause death of local fat cells called=

Back 35

= Fat necrosis

Front 36

In Acute Pancreatitis pancreatic amylase can be detected at??

Back 36

High levels in blood