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346 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Forearm extends from the ____ to the _____ and contains 2 bones: 1.______ 2.____
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Forearm extends from the ELBOW to the WRIST and contains 2 bones:1.RADIUS 2.ULNA
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What joins the radius and ulna along their shafts/holds shafts together and is fibrous?
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Interosseus membrane
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Interosseus membrane transmist forces from the ____ to the _____
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Interosseus membrane transmist forces from the RADIUS to the ULNA. (to axial membrane)
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The interosseus membrane provides surface area for _____ _______ in the forearm
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The interosseus membrane provides surface area for MUSCLE ATTACHMENT in the forearm.
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What do the gaps in the interosseus membrane allow passage of? and from where to where?
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Interossus membrane gaps allows passage of vessels & nerves from the ANT. compartment to the POST. compartment.
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The 3 fxs of interosseus membrane?
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1. transmits force from the radius to the ulna.
2. provides surface area for muscle attachments in the forearm. 3.it has gaps to allow passage of vessels& nerves from ant. compt. to post.compt. |
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Fascia of the Forearm: SKIN- 2 types of fascia:
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1. Superficial Fascia
2. Deep Fascia |
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Forearm Fascia-skin- 2types:
1. SF Fascia- whats in this? |
Forearm Fascia-skin- 2types:
1. SF Fascia- Cutaneous veins & nerves w/in this layer. Variable thickness |
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Forearm Fascia-skin- 2types:
2.Deep Fascia- Where do muscles lie? |
Forearm Fascia-skin- 2types:
2.Deep Fascia- Muscles lie deep to this layer |
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Which fascia of the forearm divides the forearm into into Flexor/protator & extensor/supinator compartments?
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Deep Fascia of the forearm!!
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which fascia of the forearm divides compartments into SF and Deep?
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Deep Fascia of forearm divides both the Flexor & Extensors into SF& deep parts
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Forearm Fascia-skin- 2types:
2.Deep Fascia- is continious with what? eg? |
Forearm Fascia-skin- 2types:
2.Deep Fascia- Is continous with the FASCIA in the HAND (e.g. FLEXOR RETINACULUM) |
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What muscl is part of the extensor compartment of the forearm, but flexes the elbow?
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Brachioradadialis
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Antebrachial fascia is?
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Fascia of the forearm and is continious with the hand...??
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Muscles that occupy the posterior compartment of the forearm are reffered to as the:
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EXTENSOR-SUPINATOR GROUP
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Where is the common extensor orgin in the forearm? (not all extensor forearm muscles originate there though)
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LATERAL EPICONDYLE
(L.EPI) |
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Where is the place where one can develop "tennis elbow?
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Lateral epicondyle
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The extensor mucles can be divided into 2 groups: 1. __ 2.__
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Extensor Muscle Groups:
1.SF group 2. Deep Group |
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2 Extensor Muscle Groups:
1.SF group muscles-6 and Orgins: |
SF group muscles:
1.Brachioradialis(supracondylar ridge), 2.ext. carpi radalis longus(supracondylar ridge),3. ext. carpi radalis brevis (L.EPI), 4.ext. carpi ulnaris (L.EPI), 5.ext.digitorum (L.EPI), 6.ext. digiti minimi (L.EPI) |
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2 Extensor Muscle Groups:
2. Deep Group-5 and O: |
2.Deep Group Muscles: All Origin:Forearm Elements
1.Supinator, 2.Abductor pollicis longus, 3.Ext. pollicis longus, 4.Ext. pollicis brevis, 5.Ext. indicis |
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Forearm elements=
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Radius, Ulna, and/or interosseous membrane
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What does 3-3-3-3 stand for?
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Extensor-Supinator Compartment muscles
(3 is backwards E) |
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What are the 3-3-3-3 Extensor-Supinator Muscle groupings?
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-3 wrist muscles
-3finger muslces -3 thumb muscles -3muscles that cross Elbow Joint (BAS) |
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What are the 3-3-3-3 Extensor-Supinator Muscle Groups:
-3 Wrist Muscles |
-3 Wrist Muscles:
1.Ext.Carpi Radialis Longus& 2.Brevis, & 3.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris |
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What are the 3-3-3-3 Extensor-Supinator Muscle Groups:
-3 Finger Muscles |
-3 Finger Muscles
1.Ext. Digitorum, 2.Ext. Indicis, & 3.Ext. Digiti Minimi |
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What are the 3-3-3-3 Extensor-Supinator Muscle Groups:
-3 Thumb Muscles |
-3 Thumb Muscles
1.Abductor pollics longus, & 2.Ext.pollicis longus & 3.Brevis |
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What are the 3-3-3-3 Extensor-Supinator Muscle Groups:
-3 Muscles that Cross the Elbow Joint (BAS) |
-3 Muscles that Cross the Elbow Joint (BAS)
1.Brachioradialis, 2.Anconeus, & 3. Supinator |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Carpi Radialis Longus: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Carpi Radialis Longus
O:Lat.Supracondylar Ridge I:Base of Metacarpal II Fx:1.Ext.hand/wrist-radial side 2.Radial Deviates (abduction of wrist) IN: Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Carpi Radialis Brevis: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Carpi Radialis Brevis
O:Lat. Epicondyle I:Base of Metacarpal III Fx:Ext. & Abduction of Wrist IN:Deep Branch of Radial N. |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Carpi Ulnaris: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Carpi Ulnaris
O:Lat. Epicondyle I:Base of Metacarpal V Fx:1.Ext. & 2.Ulnar Deviation= Adduction of Wrist |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Digitorum: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Digitorum:deeper than ext. carpi muscles
O:Lat.Epicondyle I:Distal Phalanx of II, III, IV,& V -tendons lay flat & form ext. expansion->others can attach Fx:Extends Digits&Wrist IN: Deep Radial N. |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Digiti Minimi: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Digiti Minimi:
O:M belly of ext.digitorum?? I:Tendons insert on digit V Fx:Extends digit V IN:Deep Radial N. |
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What 3 muscles do pure extension of the wrist when contracted together?
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1.Ext. Carpi Radialis Longus
2.Ext. Carpi Radialis Brevis 3.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris |
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What results from repeated forceful extension of elbow? This repetitive trauma causes inflammation of the epicondyle at the ________ ________ _______
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Elbow Tendonitis or tennis elbow
Inflammation of the LATERAL epicondly at the common extensor attachment |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Digitorum: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Digitorum:deeper than ext. carpi muscles
O:Lat.Epicondyle I:Distal Phalanx of II, III, IV,& V -tendons lay flat & form ext. expansion->others can attach Fx:Extends Digits&Wrist IN: Deep Radial N. |
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What results from an avulsion of the long extensor tendon--loss of extension of the distal interphalangeal joint?
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Mallet Finger or Baseball finger
-ext. digitorum tendn to tear so no antagonist muscles |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Digiti Minimi: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Digiti Minimi:
O:M belly of ext.digitorum?? I:Tendons insert on digit V Fx:Extends digit V IN:Deep Radial N. |
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The flattened tendons (aponeuroses) of extensor muscles that run into the dorsal of hand. Expanded part of extensor digitorum tendon, which inserts @ base of distal phalanx & it spans the proximal &middle phalanges?
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Extensor Expansion
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What 3 muscles do pure extension of the wrist when contracted together?
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1.Ext. Carpi Radialis Longus
2.Ext. Carpi Radialis Brevis 3.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris |
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Inadequate treatment of Mallet finger results in:
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Swan Neck deformity of the finger
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What results from repeated forceful extension of elbow? This repetitive trauma causes inflammation of the epicondyle at the ________ ________ _______
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Elbow Tendonitis or tennis elbow
Inflammation of the LATERAL epicondly at the common extensor attachment |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Abductor Pollicis Longus O, I, Fx,IN |
-Abductor Pollicis Longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Metacarpal I Fx:Abducts digit I (only metacarpal joint??) IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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What results from an avulsion of the long extensor tendon--loss of extension of the distal interphalangeal joint?
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Mallet Finger or Baseball finger
-ext. digitorum tendn to tear so no antagonist muscles |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
- Ext. Pollicis Brevis O, I, Fx,IN |
-Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Proximal Phalanx I Fx:Ext. Thumb- metacarpal Joint only IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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The flattened tendons (aponeuroses) of extensor muscles that run into the dorsal of hand. Expanded part of extensor digitorum tendon, which inserts @ base of distal phalanx & it spans the proximal &middle phalanges?
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Extensor Expansion
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Pollicis longus O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Pollicis longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Distal Phalanx I Fx:Ext. Thumb more distally-interphangeal joint IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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Inadequate treatment of Mallet finger results in:
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Swan Neck deformity of the finger
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Abductor Pollicis Longus O, I, Fx,IN |
-Abductor Pollicis Longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Metacarpal I Fx:Abducts digit I (only metacarpal joint??) IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Digitorum: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Digitorum:deeper than ext. carpi muscles
O:Lat.Epicondyle I:Distal Phalanx of II, III, IV,& V -tendons lay flat & form ext. expansion->others can attach Fx:Extends Digits&Wrist IN: Deep Radial N. |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
- Ext. Pollicis Brevis O, I, Fx,IN |
-Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Proximal Phalanx I Fx:Ext. Thumb- metacarpal Joint only IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Digiti Minimi: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Digiti Minimi:
O:M belly of ext.digitorum?? I:Tendons insert on digit V Fx:Extends digit V IN:Deep Radial N. |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Pollicis longus O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Pollicis longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Distal Phalanx I Fx:Ext. Thumb more distally-interphangeal joint IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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What 3 muscles do pure extension of the wrist when contracted together?
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1.Ext. Carpi Radialis Longus
2.Ext. Carpi Radialis Brevis 3.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris |
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What results from repeated forceful extension of elbow? This repetitive trauma causes inflammation of the epicondyle at the ________ ________ _______
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Elbow Tendonitis or tennis elbow
Inflammation of the LATERAL epicondly at the common extensor attachment |
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What results from an avulsion of the long extensor tendon--loss of extension of the distal interphalangeal joint?
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Mallet Finger or Baseball finger
-ext. digitorum tendn to tear so no antagonist muscles |
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The flattened tendons (aponeuroses) of extensor muscles that run into the dorsal of hand. Expanded part of extensor digitorum tendon, which inserts @ base of distal phalanx & it spans the proximal &middle phalanges?
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Extensor Expansion
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Inadequate treatment of Mallet finger results in:
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Swan Neck deformity of the finger
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Abductor Pollicis Longus O, I, Fx,IN |
-Abductor Pollicis Longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Metacarpal I Fx:Abducts digit I (only metacarpal joint??) IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
- Ext. Pollicis Brevis O, I, Fx,IN |
-Abductor Pollicis Brevis
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Proximal Phalanx I Fx:Ext. Thumb- metacarpal Joint only IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Pollicis longus O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Pollicis longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Distal Phalanx I Fx:Ext. Thumb more distally-interphangeal joint IN: Deep Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Ext. Indicis: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Ext. Indicis:
O:Forearm Elements I:Base of Distal Phalanx II Fx:Extends pointing finger (II) IN:Deep Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Supinator: O, I, Fx,IN |
-Supinator:
O: Ulna I:Medial Side of Radius Fx: Supinates forearm IN:Deep Radial Nerve |
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Ext.- Supinator Compt. MM
-Aconeus: nO, I, Fx,IN |
-Anconeus
O:Lat Epicondyle (&ulna) I:Olecranon process of Ulna Fx:Extension of elbow joint IN: Radial Nerve |
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Muscles that occupy the anterior compartment of the forearm are referred to as the:
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FLEXOR-PRONATOR GROUP of muscles
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Common Flexor orgin of the forearm?
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MEDIAL EPICONDYLE
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Flexor muscles of the forearm can be divided into 3 groups based on Layers:
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1.SF Group (4)
2 Intermediate Group (1) 3.Deep Group (3) |
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Flexor Forearm Mm Groups:
1.SF Group of Muscles: (4) All Origins? |
1.SF Group mm: All Origins: Medial Epicondyle
1.Pronator teres 2.Fl.Carpi Radialis 3.Palmaris Longus 4.Fl. Carpi Ulnaris |
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Flexor Forearm Mm Groups:
2.Intermediate Group of mm:(1) Origin |
2 Intermediate Group mm:
1.Fl. Digitorum Superficialis O1:Medial Epicondyle O2:Radius |
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Flexor Forearm Mm Groups:
3.Deep Group of muscles: (3) Origin? |
3.Deep Group Mm:
Origins:Forearm Elements 1.Fl. Digitorum Profundus 2.Fl. Pollicis Longus 3.Pronator Quadratus |
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What does 2-2-2-2 stand for?
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2-2-2-2 represents the number of flexors in each part of the forearm of the flexor-pronator compartment
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What are represented in each 2 of the 2222 flexor-pronator compartment of the forearm?
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-2 Wrist muscles
-2 finger muscles -2 pronator muscles -2 long muscles |
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The 2-2-2-2 of Flexor-pronator compartment of the forearm:
-2 Wrist muscles |
-2 Wrist muscles
1.Fl. Carpi Ulnaris 2.Fl. Carpi Radialis |
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The 2-2-2-2 of Flexor-pronator compartment of the forearm:
-2 Figer muscles |
-2 Figer muscles:
1.Fl. Digitorum Profundus 2.Fl. Digitorum Superficialis |
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The 2-2-2-2 of Flexor-pronator compartment of the forearm:
-2 Pronator muscles |
-2 Pronator muscles:
1.Pronator teres 2.Pronator Quadratus |
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The 2-2-2-2 of Flexor-pronator compartment of the forearm:
-2 Long Muscles |
-2 Long Muscles:
1. Palmaris longus 2.Fl. Pollicis longus |
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Fl.-Pronator Compt: SF
1.Pronator Teres: O, I, Fx, IN |
1.Pronator Teres:
O: Medial Epicondyle I:MidLat surface of Radius (Crosses over radius to attach) Fx:Pronates forearm IN: Median Nerve |
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Fl.-Pronator Compt: SF
2. Flexor Carpi Radialis: O, I, Fx, IN |
2.Flexor Carpi Radialis:
O: Medial Epicondyle I:Base of Metacarpal II Fx:1.Flexion of wrist (not pure) 2.Radial deviation=Abduction of wrist IN: Median Nerve |
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Fl.-Pronator Compt: SF
3.Palmaris Longus: O, I, Fx, IN |
3.Palmaris Longus: (varies- 20% of ppl don't have it)
O: Medial Epicondyle I:Palmer Aponeurosis (more sf) Fx:Pure Flexion of wrist IN: Median Nerve |
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Fl.-Pronator Compt: SF
4.Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: O, I, Fx, IN |
4.Flexor Carpi Ulnaris:
O: Medial Epicondyle I:Pisiform bone (sesomoid bone mobile w/in joint) Fx:1. Flexion of wrist & 2.Adduction of Wrist IN: ULNAR Nerve (UNIQUE) |
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Flexor of Forearm not part of the Flexor-pronator compartment?
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Brachioradalis
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Brachioradialis= not part of forearmflexor-pronator compt, but is flexor of forearm: Derived from, O, I, Fx,IN
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Brachioradilis:
Derived by: Ext. compartment O:Lat. Supracondyl Ridge I:Distal Radius Fx: Flexor of ELBOW (NOT WRIST) IN: Radial Nerve |
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Brachioradialis= not part of forearmflexor-pronator compt, but is flexor of forearm: Derived from, O, I, Fx,IN
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Brachioradilis:
Derived by: Ext. compartment O:Lat. Supracondyl Ridge I:Distal Radius Fx: Flexor of ELBOW (NOT WRIST) IN: Radial Nerve |
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What 2 muscles do pure flexion of the wrist?
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1. Flexor Carpi Radialis
2. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris |
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What 2 muscles do pure flexion of the wrist?
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1. Flexor Carpi Radialis
2. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris |
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Brachioradialis= not part of forearmflexor-pronator compt, but is flexor of forearm: Derived from, O, I, Fx,IN
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Brachioradilis:
Derived by: Ext. compartment O:Lat. Supracondyl Ridge I:Distal Radius Fx: Flexor of ELBOW (NOT WRIST) IN: Radial Nerve |
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What 3 muscles do pure abduction of the wrist?
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1.Flexor Carpi Radialis
2.Ext. Carp Radialis Longs & 3.Ext. Carp Radialis Brevis |
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What 2 muscles do pure flexion of the wrist?
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1. Flexor Carpi Radialis
2. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris |
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What 3 muscles do pure abduction of the wrist?
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1.Flexor Carpi Radialis
2.Ext. Carp Radialis Longs & 3.Ext. Carp Radialis Brevis |
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What 2 muscles do pure adduction of the wrist?
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1.Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
2.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris |
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What 3 muscles do pure abduction of the wrist?
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1.Flexor Carpi Radialis
2.Ext. Carp Radialis Longs & 3.Ext. Carp Radialis Brevis |
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What 2 muscles do pure adduction of the wrist?
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1.Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
2.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris |
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All of the Superficial and part of the intermediate layers of the flexor pronator compartment of the forearm originate?
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Medial Epicondyle
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What 2 muscles do pure adduction of the wrist?
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1.Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
2.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris |
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All of the Superficial and part of the intermediate layers of the flexor pronator compartment of the forearm originate?
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Medial Epicondyle
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All of the Superficial and part of the intermediate layers of the flexor pronator compartment of the forearm originate?
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Medial Epicondyle
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All of the Flexor-Pronator Compartments of the the Forearm are innervated by:___ except-
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MEDIAN NERVE..
except: 1 and 1/2: 1. flexor carpi ulnaris 1/2. Flexor digitorum profundus |
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All of the Flexor-Pronator Compartments of the the Forearm are innervated by:___ except-
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MEDIAN NERVE..
except: 1 and 1/2: 1. flexor carpi ulnaris 1/2. Flexor digitorum profundus |
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All of the Flexor-Pronator Compartments of the the Forearm are innervated by:___ except-
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MEDIAN NERVE..
except: 1 and 1/2: 1. flexor carpi ulnaris 1/2. Flexor digitorum profundus |
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The abductor digiti mini inserts intothe pisiform, but can't function w/out _____ muscle b/c abductor digiti mini abducts the 5th digit and the other muscle must stablixe the pisiform:
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FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
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The abductor digiti mini inserts intothe pisiform, but can't function w/out _____ muscle b/c abductor digiti mini abducts the 5th digit and the other muscle must stablixe the pisiform:
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FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
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The abductor digiti mini inserts intothe pisiform, but can't function w/out _____ muscle b/c abductor digiti mini abducts the 5th digit and the other muscle must stablixe the pisiform:
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FLEXOR CARPI ULNARIS
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FL.-Pronator Compt. - Intermediate (still sf)
1.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis O, I, Fx, IN |
1.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O1:Medial Epicondyle O2:Radius I:M Belly splits into 4 tendons & attaches to middle phalanx of digits II, III, IV, & V Fx:Flexion of wrist IN: Median Nerve |
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FL.-Pronator Compt. - Intermediate (still sf)
1.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis O, I, Fx, IN |
1.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O1:Medial Epicondyle O2:Radius I:M Belly splits into 4 tendons & attaches to middle phalanx of digits II, III, IV, & V Fx:Flexion of wrist IN: Median Nerve |
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FL.-Pronator Compt. - Intermediate (still sf)
1.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis O, I, Fx, IN |
1.Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
O1:Medial Epicondyle O2:Radius I:M Belly splits into 4 tendons & attaches to middle phalanx of digits II, III, IV, & V Fx:Flexion of wrist IN: Median Nerve |
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FL.-Pronator Compt.- Deep
1.Flexor Digitorum Profundus: O, I, Fx, IN |
1.Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O:Forearm Elements (ulna) I:4Tendons-Distal Phalanx of digits: II, III, IV, V Fx: deep flexor interphangeal Joint IN1: ULNAR N.-> IV-V IN2: Median N-> II-III |
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FL.-Pronator Compt.- Deep
1.Flexor Digitorum Profundus: O, I, Fx, IN |
1.Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O:Forearm Elements (ulna) I:4Tendons-Distal Phalanx of digits: II, III, IV, V Fx: deep flexor interphangeal Joint IN1: ULNAR N.-> IV-V IN2: Median N-> II-III |
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FL.-Pronator Compt.- Deep
1.Flexor Digitorum Profundus: O, I, Fx, IN |
1.Flexor Digitorum Profundus
O:Forearm Elements (ulna) I:4Tendons-Distal Phalanx of digits: II, III, IV, V Fx: deep flexor interphangeal Joint IN1: ULNAR N.-> IV-V IN2: Median N-> II-III |
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FL.-Pronator Compt.- Deep
2.Flexor Pollicis Longus: O, I, Fx, IN |
2.Flexor Pollicis Longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base Distal Phalanx of digit I Fx: Flexes Interphangeal joint IN: Median Nerve |
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FL.-Pronator Compt.- Deep
2.Flexor Pollicis Longus: O, I, Fx, IN |
2.Flexor Pollicis Longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base Distal Phalanx of digit I Fx: Flexes Interphangeal joint IN: Median Nerve |
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FL.-Pronator Compt.- Deep
2.Flexor Pollicis Longus: O, I, Fx, IN |
2.Flexor Pollicis Longus
O:Forearm Elements I:Base Distal Phalanx of digit I Fx: Flexes Interphangeal joint IN: Median Nerve |
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FL.-Pronator Compt.- Deep
3. Pronator Quadratus: O, I, Fx, IN |
3. Pronator Quadratus:
O:Ulna I:Radius Fx. Assists in pronation IN:Median N. |
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The Flexor Digitorum Profundus goes through what to work with that muscle and make a tight fist?
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The Flexor digitorum superficialis whenever it splits on the fingers
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Arteries of the Forearm: 3 and where the 1 splits into 2
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Brachial artery splits into Radial and Ulnar Arteries at the cubital fossa
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Which forearm artery can be used as acornary artery,by being taken out of forearm but still proper arterial flow?
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Radial Artery
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Where are the anastomoses providing collateral circulation around in the forearm?
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the Elbow
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Anastomoses in the forearm between the radial recurrent and the?
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Profundi Brachii
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Anastomoses in the forearm between the interosseus recurrent and the?
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Profundi Brachii
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Anastomoses in the forearm between the posterior Ulnar recurrent and the?
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Superior Ulnar Collateral
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Anastomoses in the forearm between the anterior Ulnar recurrent and the?
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Inferior Ulnar Collateral
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Blockage/clot in the brachial artery at the elbow?
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Cause more blood in Profunda brachii, which would flow throughthe recurrents in the reverse direction than normal and go into ulnar and radial aa.
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On one's hand... a hollow bordered by extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus:
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Anatomic Snuffbox
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Anatomic snuffbox contains:
3 things? |
1. Radial Artery
2. Syloid Process of radius 3. Characteristic pain w/fracture of scaphoid |
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What artery runs along the medial border of brachioradialis (between the flexor and extensor compartments)
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Radial Artery
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Artery and Nerve that run together between flexor carpi ulnaris and medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus?
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ULNAR ARTERY and NERVE
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On one's hand... a hollow bordered by extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus:
|
Anatomic Snuffbox
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On one's hand... a hollow bordered by extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus:
|
Anatomic Snuffbox
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What nerve passes deep to pronator teres and flexor digitorum superficialis?
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Median Nerve
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Anatomic snuffbox contains:
3 things? |
1. Radial Artery
2. Syloid Process of radius 3. Characteristic pain w/fracture of scaphoid |
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Anatomic snuffbox contains:
3 things? |
1. Radial Artery
2. Syloid Process of radius 3. Characteristic pain w/fracture of scaphoid |
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What nerve divides into deep (motor) & SF (cutaneous) branches?
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Radial Nerve
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What nerve is responsible for carpal tunel syndrome?
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Median Nerve
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What artery runs along the medial border of brachioradialis (between the flexor and extensor compartments)
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Radial Artery
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Artery and Nerve that run together between flexor carpi ulnaris and medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus?
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ULNAR ARTERY and NERVE
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What artery runs along the medial border of brachioradialis (between the flexor and extensor compartments)
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Radial Artery
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What nerve pierces the supinator& winds around the nexk of the radius to emerge in the extensor compartment?
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Deep Radial Nerve
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What nerve runs to the skin of the hand just deep to the brachioradialis?
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Superficial Radial Nerve.
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What nerve passes deep to pronator teres and flexor digitorum superficialis?
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Median Nerve
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Artery and Nerve that run together between flexor carpi ulnaris and medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus?
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ULNAR ARTERY and NERVE
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Motor radial nerve?
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Deep Radial Nerve
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What nerve divides into deep (motor) & SF (cutaneous) branches?
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Radial Nerve
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What nerve is responsible for carpal tunel syndrome?
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Median Nerve
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What nerve passes deep to pronator teres and flexor digitorum superficialis?
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Median Nerve
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What nerve divides into deep (motor) & SF (cutaneous) branches?
|
Radial Nerve
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What nerve pierces the supinator& winds around the nexk of the radius to emerge in the extensor compartment?
|
Deep Radial Nerve
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What nerve runs to the skin of the hand just deep to the brachioradialis?
|
Superficial Radial Nerve.
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What nerve is responsible for carpal tunel syndrome?
|
Median Nerve
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Motor radial nerve?
|
Deep Radial Nerve
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What nerve pierces the supinator& winds around the nexk of the radius to emerge in the extensor compartment?
|
Deep Radial Nerve
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What nerve runs to the skin of the hand just deep to the brachioradialis?
|
Superficial Radial Nerve.
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|
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Motor radial nerve?
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Deep Radial Nerve
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Cutaneous radial nerve=
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Superficial Radial Nerve
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What borders the Cubital Fossa of the Superior side?
|
Line connecting medial and lateral epicondyles
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What borders the Cubital Fossa of the medial side?
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Pronator teres
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What borders the Cubital Fossa of the lateral side?
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Brachioradialis
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What borders the Cubital Fossa of the posterior side?
|
brachialis and supinator
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What borders the Cubital Fossa of the anterior side?
|
Deep fascia
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Cubital fossa is is deep to everything but:
|
Supinator and brachialis
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Contents of Cubital Fossa? (5)
|
1.Brachial A branching into Radial & Ulnar aa
2.Deep veins accompanying the arteries 3.Biceps brachii tendo 4.Median N. 5. SF &Deep branches of the radial nerve in its floor |
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Structures in the Cubital fossa Lateral to Medial:
|
1.Bicipital aponeurosis (lateral)
2.Brachial Artery (middle) 3.Median Nerve (medial) |
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What vein runs along side lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm (musculocutaneous nerve)?
|
Cephalic Vein
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The artery anomialy that can be palpatied and accidently thought to be a vein?
|
Superficial Ulnar Artery
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Wrist joint is between what bones?
|
Radius and the scaphoid and lunate
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how are the carpal bones arranged?
|
into 2 rows of 4 bones each..not flat
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Carpal bones are not in a flat row, but form a _____ that is completed by the___________
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Carpal bones form a "TUNNELl" that is completed by the FLEXOR RETINACULUM.
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What "joint" is located between the proximal & distal rows of carpals & movement is similar to wrist joint?
|
"MIDCARPAL JOINT"
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What is the most important carpometacarpal joint? It is saddle-shaped similar to ball &socket
|
Carpometacarpal joint of digit I (the thumb)
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Metacarpophalangeal joints do what 4 movements?
|
1. Flexion, 2.Extension, 3.Adduction, 4.Abduction
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What type of joint are the interphalangeal joints?
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Hinge Joints
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What are the thickenings of the brachial fasia of the wrist?
|
1. Extensor retinaculum
2. Flexor Retinaculum |
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Flexor retinaculum is much __________ than extensor retinaculum
|
Flexor retinaculum is much TOUGHER than extensor retinaculum
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Which of the fasciae of the wrists is clinically significant bc it forms the anterior boundary of the carpal tunnel?
|
the FLEXOR RETINACULUM
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Carpal Tunnel Contents:
4 ( 4411) |
1.4 tendons of Fl.digitorum superficialis
2.4 tedonds of Fl. digitorum profundus 3.1 tendon of Fl. Pollicis longus 4. Median Nerve |
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What is the only nerve or vessel that passes through the carpal tunnel?
|
MEDIAN NERVE
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Is the passage for flexor carpi radialis tendon part of the carpal tunnel?
|
NO!!!
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What is a thickening of palmer fascia in the central palm?
|
Palmar aponeurosis
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The hand is dividided into compartments by ___________ ________ extending down from the palmar aponerurosis: 4??
|
The hand is dividided into compartments by FIBROUS SEPTA extending down from the palmar aponerurosi.
4: Hyopthenar, Thenar, Central, & Adductor |
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The 2 potential spaces between long flexor tendons & fascia over deep palmar muscles:
|
1. Thenar Space
2. Midpalmar Space |
|
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Muscles of the Hand:
1. Thenar Compartment 2. Hypothenar compartment |
1. Thenar Compartment
-Houses thenar muscles 2. Hypothenar compartment-Houses hypothenar Muscles |
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Muscles of the Hand:
3.Central Compartment 4.Space between Metacarpals |
3.Central Compartment
-Houses lumbricals (& long tendons) 4.Space between Metacarpals -Houses interossei |
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What covers the ANT. surface of each fingger from the head of the metacarpal to the base of the distal phalanx?
|
Fibrous Flexor Sheaths
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The flexor sheath is ____ over the phalanges and ____ over the joints.
|
The flexor sheath is THICK over the phalanges & LAX over the joints.
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__________ of the fibrous flexor sheaths can result from repetitive forceful use of fingers.
|
THICKENING of the fibrous sheaths can result from repetitive forceful use of fingers.
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Thickening of fibrous flexor sheaths causes the osseofibrous tunnel to
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Thickening of fibrous flexor sheaths causes the osseofibrous tunnel to NARROW & FLEXION & EXTENSION of the Affected Digit can be Impaired.
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Synovial Flexor Sheaths:
8 tendons of Fl. digit. SF and Profundus invaginate: |
a common synovial sheath (ulnar bursa) from the lateral side
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Part of Ulnar Bursa continues to the digital sheath of the
|
DIGITAL SHEATH of the LITTLE FINGER
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Part of Ulnar Bursa ends blindly at the level of the:
|
PROXIMAL TRANSVERESE CREASE OF THE PALM
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Digits II - IV have digital synovial sheaths that begin at the level of the :
|
DISTAL TRANSVERSE CREASE OF THE PALM
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What type of synovial sheath does the Pollex (I) have? and wehre does it run?
|
The pollex (I) synovial sheath: RADIAL BURSA
- runs from the wrist to the distal phalanx |
|
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Do the Radial and Ulnar bursas communicate?
|
sometimes, in about 50% of patients
|
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Painful inflamation of the tendons and synovial sheaths(tenosynovitis) due to untreated finger infections can spread along ____ _____
|
Painful inflamation of the tendons and synovial sheaths(tenosynovitis) due to untreated finger infections can spread along SYNOVIAL SHEATHS.
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Synovial Extensor Sheaths
6 ext. synovial sheaths occuppy 6 ______ ___ created by the ____ _______ & its attachments to the ulna and radius |
Synovial Extensor Sheaths
6 ext. synovial sheaths occuppy 6 OSSEOFIBROUS TUNNELS created by the EXT. RETINACULUM & its attachments to ulna& radius |
|
|
Synovial Extensor Sheath:
From Medial to Lateral: ( 6 ish) |
Medial to Lateral:
1.Ext. Carpi Ulnaris, 2.Ext. Digiti Minini, 3.Ext. Digitorum +Ext.Indicis, 4.Ext. Pollicis Longus 5.Ext. Carpi Radialis + Brevis, 6.Abductor Pollicis Longus + Ext. Pollicis Brevis |
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What unknown thing occasionally forms on the ext. side of wrist and sometimes commmunicate with synovial Sheaths?
|
Synovial Cysts/ Ganglion Cysts
= Clinical significance of synovial extensor sheaths |
|
|
the 3 Thenar muscles: abductor PB, Fl.PB, and Opponens P Origin?
Innervation? |
3 Thenar Muscles:
All O: Flexor Retinaculum All IN: Recurrent Brance of Median Nerve 1.Abductor Pollicis Brevis 2. Flexor Pollicis Brevis 3. Opponens Pollicis |
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|
What nerve is vulnerable to injury with lacerations of the palm bc of its superficial location?
|
The Recurrent branch of the median nerve
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|
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Thenar Muscles:
1.Abductor Pollicis Brevis I, Fx |
1.Abductor Pollicis Brevis
I:Proximal phalanx of digit I Fx: Abducts Thumb |
|
|
Thenar Muscles:
2.Flexor Pollicis Brevis I, Fx |
2.Flexor Pollicis Brevis
I:Proximal phalanx of digit I Fx: Flexion of proximal phalanx of thumb |
|
|
Thenar Muscles:
3. Opponens Pollicis I, Fx |
3. Opponens Pollicis
I: Metacarpal I Fx: Opposition thumb (only muscle that can do this) |
|
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Thenar Muscles:
4.Adductor Pollicis O,I,Fx,IN |
4.Adductor Pollicis
O:metacarpal III I:Proximal phalanx of digit I Fx: Adducts the thumb IN: Ulnar Nerve |
|
|
HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES: 6
|
HYPOTHENAR MUSCLES:
1.Abductor Digiti Minimi 2. Flexor Digiti Minimi 3. Opponens Digiti Minimi 4. Lubricals 5. Palmer Interossei 6.Doral interossei |
|
|
Hypothernar Muscles are all innervated by:____
Except: |
Hypothenar muscles are all innervated by: ULNAR NERVE
Except: Lumbricals- which are 1/2 MEDIAN N &1/2 ULNAR N. |
|
|
Hypothenar Muscles:
1.Abductor Digiti Minimi O, I, Fx, N |
Hypothenar Muscles:
1.Abductor Digiti Minimi O:Pisiform Bone I:Proximal Phalanx of digit V Fx:Abducts pinky finger (V) IN: Ulnar Nerve |
|
|
Hypothenar Muscles:
2. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis O, I, Fx, N |
2. Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
O:Flexor retinaculum& adjacent ligaments I: Proximal Phalanx of Digit V Fx:Flexion of digit 5 at metacarpophalangeal joint IN:Ulnar Nerve |
|
|
Hypothenar Muscles:
3.Opponens Digiti Minimi O, I, Fx, N |
3.Opponens Digiti Minimi
O:Flexor retinaculum& (hook of hamate) adjacent carpals I:Metacarpophalangeal joint of digit 5 Fx:Opposition of digit V IN:Ulnar Nerve |
|
|
Hypothenar Muscles:
4.Lumbricals O, I, Fx, N |
4.Lumbricals:
O:Flexor digitorum profundis tendons I:Pass dorsally to insert on extensor expansion Fx:Extenstion of interphalangeal joints (balance between fl. & ext.) IN:1/2 Median N.& 1/2 Ulnar N. |
|
|
Hypothenar Muscles:
5.Palmar Interossei: O, I, Fx, N |
5.Palmar Interossei:
O:Metacarpal bones I:digital expansions Fx:Adduction of digits IN: Ulnar Nerve |
|
|
Hypothenar Muscles:
6.Dorsal Interossei: O, I, Fx, N |
6.Dorsal Interossei:
O:Metacarpal bones I:Dorsal digital expansions of phalanges Fx:ABduction of digits IN: Ulnar Nerve |
|
|
How many Palmar interossei are are there? To remember function of palmar interossei: PAD
|
3-Palmar interossei
PAD= Palmar Adduction |
|
|
how many dorsal interossei are there? To remember function of dorsal interossei:
|
4- dorsal interossei:
DAB= Dorsal ABduction |
|
|
What 2 arteries and their branches spply all blood to the hand?
|
ULNAR and RADIAL Arteries
|
|
|
The superficial palmar arch is formed mainly by what artery?
|
Ulnar Artery
|
|
|
The palmar arch gives rise to 3 ______ _____ _____ arteries
|
The palmar arch gives rise to 3 COMMON PALMAR DIGITAL arteries
|
|
|
The sf palmar arch gives rise to 3 common palmar digital aa that anastomose w/ what??
|
Palmar Metacarapal Arteries from the Deep Palmar arch
|
|
|
Each common palmar digital artery divides into a pair of __________ that run along the sides of _________
|
Each common palmar digital artery divides into a pair of PROPER DIGITAL ARTERIES that run along the sides of DIGITS II-IV
|
|
|
What is the deep palmar arch mainly formed from?
|
RADIAL ARTERY
|
|
|
Where is the deep palmar arch located and what does it give rise to?
|
The deep palmar arch lies across the metacarpals and gives rise to 3 PALMAR METACARPAL ARTERIES
|
|
|
The deep palmar arch gives rise to 3 palmar metacarpal arteries that run ____ to join the _____ ______ _____ from the _______ ________ _____.
|
The deep palmar arch gives rise to 3 palmar metacarpal arteries that run DISTALLY to join the COMMON PALMAR METACARPAL ARTERIES from the SF PALMAR ARCH.
|
|
|
The median nerve passes through the ______ _____ w/9 tendons (long flexor and fl. pollicis longus)
|
The median nerve passes through the CARPAL TUNNEL w/9 tendons (long flexor and fl. pollicis longus)
|
|
|
Motor Branch (RECURRENT BRANCH) lies ______ on the Thenar eminence.
|
Motor Branch (RECURRENT BRANCH) lies SF on the Thenar eminence.
|
|
|
Nerves of the hand: Sensory nerves to digitsI-IV pass through what?
|
CARPAL TUNNEL
|
|
|
Nerves of the hand: Sensory nerves to the central palm pass SF to what structure?
|
FLEXOR RETINACULUM
|
|
|
Nerves of the hand: All Ulnar N. passes SF to the Flexor Retinaculum through ____ ________ just ______ to the Ulnar Artery.
|
Nerves of the hand: All Ulnar N. passes SF to the Flexor Retinaculum through GUYON'S CANAL just MEDIAL to the Ulnar Artery.
|
|
|
Radial nerve supplies which muscles in the hand?
|
The Radial Nerve supplies NO muscles in the hand!!!!!
|
|
|
The SF branch of the radial nerve is _______ to_____ of hand.
|
The SF branch of the radial nerve is SENSORY to DORSUM of hand.
|
|
|
What nerve or nerve branch is known as the “Million $ Nerve” &innervates the mm. of the thenar compartment?
|
RECURRENT BRANCH OF THE MEDIAN NERVE!
|
|
|
Cutaneous Hand Innervations: What nerve innervates the lateral palm& anterior of digits I-III & half of IV.
|
MEDIAN NERVE
|
|
|
Cutaneous Hand Innervations:
What nerve innervates posterior of hand and digit I? |
SUPERFICIAL RADIAL NERVE
|
|
|
Cutaneous Hand Innervations:
What nerve innervates medial part of hand (dorsum) -hand & digit V & ½ of IV palmar -palm & digit V & ½ of IV |
ULNAR NERVE
|
|
|
Cutaneous Hand Innervations:
What nerve innervates Post. of digits II, III,& 1/2 of IV? |
MEDIAN NERVE
|
|
|
The triangle of auscultation is the area bordered by which three muscles?
|
1.Latissimus dorsi,
2.Trapezius, 3.Rhomboid major |
|
|
Which of the following part of the brachial plexus is located posterior to the pectoralis minor muscle?
A.Ventral rami B.Divisions C.Cords D.Branches E.Trunk |
C. CORDS ARE POSTERIOR TO PECTORALIS MINOR
|
|
|
Which of the following is not found within the cubital fossa?
A.Brachial artery B.Ulnar nerve C.Radial nerve D.Median nerve E.Cephalic vein |
B. ULNAR NERVE ISN'T FOUND WITHIN THE CUBITAL FOSSA
|
|
|
The ______ nerve through the ______ muscle(s), causes retraction of the scapula.
|
The SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE through the TRAPEZUS muscle(s), causes retraction of the scapula.
|
|
|
Where are the nerve cell bodies of the sensory fibers of the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm located?
a.sympathetic chain b.dorsal root ganglia c.lateral horn in gray matter d.anterior horn in gray matter |
B. DORSAL ROOT GANGLIA
|
|
|
If broken mid-shaft at the radial groove, causing severing of the radial nerve. Which of the following actions would be impaired?
a.Extension of arm b.Extension of digits c.Flexion of arm d.Pronation of arm |
B. EXTENSION OF THE DIGITS
|
|
|
What spinal cord segments make up the posterior cord?
|
ALL OF THEM C5-T1
|
|
|
Latissiumus Dorsi Fx except:
a.Extension of arm b.Medial rotation c.Adduction d.Protraction of scapula |
D. PROTRACTION OF SCAPULA
|
|
|
Long thoracic nerve from what rami?
|
C5, C6, C7
|
|
|
What best characterizes the branches of the brachial plexus?
a.Ventral rami b.Ventral roots c.Dorsal root d.Dorsal rami |
A. VENTRAL RAMI
|
|
|
Which is not an action of the biceps?
a.supination b.flexion of elbow c.flexion of shoulder d.pronation |
D. PRONATION
|
|
|
What is found in the radial groove of the Humerus?
A.Median N. B.Profunda brachii C.Posterior circumflex humeral D.Axillary nerve |
B. PROFUNDA BRACHII
|
|
|
Which of the following is not part of the brachial plexus?
a.Motor b.Sensory c.Sympathetics d.Parasympathetics |
D. PARASYMPATHETICS
(is not part of the brachial plexus) |
|
|
Degeneration of the supraspinatus tendon eventually leads to communication between 2 synovial cavities that results in shoulder pain. What directly communicates to result in pain?
a.Subacromial bursa and glenoid cavity b.Subacromial bursa and subscapular bursa c.Subscapular bursa & glenoid cavity |
A. SUBACROMIAL BURSA & GLENOID CAVITY
|
|
|
Which muscle does not originate off the medial epicondyle?
a.Flexor Digitorum Profundus b.Flexor carpi ulnaris c.Flexor carpi radialis d.Flexor digitorum superficialis e.Palmaris longus |
A. FLEXOR DIGITORUM PROFUNDUS - this originates off of the forearm elements
|
|
|
Actions of lumbricals?
|
Flex the metacarpophalangeal joint and extend the interphalangeal joint?????
|
|
|
All are actions of the trapezius EXCEPT…
A.Retraction of scapula B.Elevation of scapula C.Depression of scapula D.Adduction of the arm |
D. ADDUCTION OF THE ARM
(all the other answers are the only things found in the carpal tunnel) |
|
|
Which of the following muscle structures is not found in the carpal tunnel?
a.Flexor carpi radialis b.Flexor digitorum profundus c.Flexor digitorum superficialis d.Flexor pollicis longus e.Median N. |
A. FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS
|
|
|
The Ulnar Nerve does which of the following?
a.Extends the thumb b.Extends the wrist c.Extends the elbow d.Adducts the thumb |
D. ADDUCTS THE THUMB
(ULNAR NERVE DOES THIS) |
|
|
Palpation for arterial pulsation of any vessel in the upper limb intended for injection should be made in order to avoid inadvertently administering irritating drugs into an artery. Which of the following deep vessels can abnormally occur as a superficial vessel, and therefore, is at risk for being mistaken for a vein?
a.Radial artery b.Ulnar artery c.Venae commitantes d.SF palmar arterial arch |
B. ULNAR ARTERY
(8% OF PEOPLE HAVE THIS) |
|
|
Which muscle is not involved in medial rotation of the Humerus?
a.Rhomboid major b.Pectoralis major c.Teres major d.Latissimus Dorsi |
A. RHOMBOID MAJOR is not involved in medial rotation of arm.
|
|
|
What nerve(s) innvervate extension of the elbow?
a.Radial N. only b.Radial N. and Musculocutaneous N. c. Axillary nerve and Radial N. |
A. RADIAL NERVE ONLY
|
|
|
Which of the following does not assist in extension of the elbow?
a.Brachioradialis b.Supinator c.Anconeus d. Triceps |
A. BRACHIORADIALIS
(flexor of elbow, but part of extensor group bc of post. location and RADIAL innervation) |
|
|
Advanced metastisis of breast cancer…fixation of breast to thoracic wall indicates that cancer has invaded…
a.Lactifierous ducts b.Suspensory ligaments c.Areola d.Retromammary space to the deep pectoral fascia |
D. RETROMAMMARY SPACE TO THE DEEP PECTORAL FASCIA
|
|
|
Hand puncture…ulnar bursa infection is most likely to spread to what digit?
a.Digit V b.Digit IV c.Digit III d.Digit I |
A. DIGIT V
|
|
|
Which one of the following is found posterior to the bicipital aponeurosis?
a.Brachial a. b.Medial cubital v. c.Median vein of the forearm |
A. BRACHIAL ARTERY
|
|
|
Which one of the following muscles would not be affected by severing of the median N.?
a.Thumb adduction b.Thumb flexion c.Thumb abduction |
A. THUMB ADDUCTION
(this is bc Ulnar N. does this) |
|
|
Where does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?
|
INFERIOR BORDER OF TERES MAJOR
|
|
|
In the cubital fossa, which of the following spatial relationships to the median nerve is correct?
a.Medial to the brachial artery b.Posterior to the brachial artery c.Lateral to Brachial artery |
A. MEDIAL TO THE BRACHIAL ARTERY
(This is where the median N. moves from lateral side of brachial A. to medial side of brachial A.) |
|
|
Thumb Innervation is provided by what nerves?? (3)
|
1. ULNAR NERVE
2. RADIAL NERVE 3. MEDIAN NERVE |
|
|
What inserts on the ulnar tuberosity?
a.Biceps b.Brachioradialis c.Brachialis d.Triceps |
C. BRACHIALIS
|
|
|
What artery does the inferior thyroid artery directly branch off of
|
THYROCERVICAL TRUNK
|
|
|
Which one of the following is not a border of the axilla?
a.Serratus anterior b.Pectoralis major c.Triceps – long head d.Intertubercular sulcus |
C. TRICEPS-LONG HEAD
(a.serratus ant.=Medial Axilla border (ribs 1-4) b.pectoralis mj= Ant. Axilla border d.Interbucler sulcus= Lat. Axilla border) |
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Because of lack of collateral circulation a blockage between _____ and ______ would stop the flow of blood completely distal to it.
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Because of lack of collateral circulation a blockage between SUBSCAPULAR ARTERY & PROFUNDA BRACHII ARTERY would stop the flow of blood completely distal to it.
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What does the profunda brachii branch come from?
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BRACHIAL ARTERY
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What muscle does not have an attachment to the clavicle?
a) Deltoid b) Serratus anterior c) pectoralis major d) Subclavius e) Trapezius |
B. SERRATUS ANTERIOR
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All of the following are functions of Latissimus Dorsi except?
A. Protraction B. extention C.adduction D. medial rotation |
A. PROTRACTION
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The epiphyses is a site for ______ ossification in bone
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The epiphyses is a site for SECONDARY ossification in bone
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What does the superior ulnar collateral artery branch come from
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BRACHIAL ARTERY
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According to Hilton's Law what is the artery that supplies the glenohumeral joint?
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SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE
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In breast cancer, the breast tissue is no longer freely movable against the thoracic wall. This signifies that cancer has invaded:
A) suspensory ligaments B) lactiferous ducts C) fat D) retromammary space E) mammary glands |
D. RETROMAMMARY SPACE
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Frequent use of hammer causes injury to Guyon's canal, damaging ulnar nerve, which muscles will have a problem?
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Interosseus muscles
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What does the superficial palmar arch branch from?
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ULNAR ARTERY
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Ulna proximal end articulates with the??
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TROCHLEA
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The cephalic vein runs with/ along side what nerve (in forearm??)?
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LATERAL CUTANEOUS NERVE
(musculoutaneous?) |
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The thoracodorsal nerve branches from ?
a. posterior cord b. lateral cord c. medial cord d. C5-C7 e. C5 |
A. POSTERIOR CORD
--> INNERVATES LATISSIMUS DORSI |
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What does the thyrocervical trunk branch from?
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SUBCLAVIAN ARTERY
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Metacarpal II articulates with the??
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CAPITATE, TRAPEZIUM AND TRAPEZOID
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Which is a symptom of Horner's Syndrome?
a) dilated pupil on the same side of the brachial plexus b) anhydrous of face on same side of the brachial plexus c) ptosis on the opposite side of the brachial plexus |
B.ANHYDROUS OF FACE ON SAME SIDE OF BP
(This is a result of a lower BP injury)-->a. would be right too if it said CONSTRICTION instead of dilation & c. would be right too if it said SAME side instead of opposite side) |
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Radius distal end
articulates with?? |
SCAPHOID & LUNATE
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Which of the following is not generally involved in draining lymph from the breast tissue?
A.Lateral B.parasternal C.central D.apical E.pectoral |
A. LATERAL
(PECTORAL-->CENTRAL--> APICAL AND ARE ALL INVOLVED in that order) |
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Which of the following is not an extensor of the interpharangle joint?
a. extensor indices b. extensor digitorum c. extensor digiti minimi d.ext. carpi radialis longus |
D. EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
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Puncture wound that infects ulnar bursa would cause a problem for
a. Digit II b. Digit III c. Digit IV d. Digit V |
D. DIGIT V
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Horners all except?
a.Droopy eye on side of injury b.Constricted pupil c.All d.Excessive Sweating |
D. EXCESSIVE SWEATING
(horner's= lower bp injury) causes lack of sweating-anhydrosis. |
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The quadrangular space contains the
a.axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery(&V) b. axillary nerve and anterior circumflex humeral artery (&V) |
A.AXILLARY N. & POST. CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERY (&V)
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What vessels join together to form the Axillary vein?
a. Cephalic vein & Basilic vein b.Basilic V.& Vena comitantes c.Cephalic Vein & vena comitantes |
B. BASILIC VEIN & VENA COMITANTES
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Erb’s Palsy what motion is affected ( what not affected?)
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Upper brachial nerve C5-C6 Shoulder neck is affected
Erb’s Palsy is upper brachial plexus injury. Results in adduction, internal rotation of shoulder, extended elbow, and pronated forearm-bc opposing actions are unabled |
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Injury to radial nerve results in?
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LOSS OF EXTENSION OF WRIST
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What do the roots of the brachial plexus come from?
a.Ventral rami of spinal nerve b.Ventral roots c.Dorsal root d.Dorsal rami |
A. VENTRAL RAMI OF SPINAL NERVE
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Dental assistant problems (symptoms of carpal tunnel) refer to a neurologist because you suspect problems with this nerve...
a. Radial b. Ulnar c. Median |
C. MEDIAN NERVE
(only nerve through the carpal tunnel) |
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Pure abduction of wrist involves what muscles?
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1. EXT. CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
2.EXT. CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS 3.FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS |
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Which of the following is not an extensor of the interpharangle joint?
a. extensor indices b. extensor digitorum c. extensor digiti minimi d.ext. carpi radialis longus |
D. EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
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Puncture wound that infects ulnar bursa would cause a problem for
a. Digit II b. Digit III c. Digit IV d. Digit V |
D. DIGIT V
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Horners all except?
a.Droopy eye on side of injury b.Constricted pupil c.All d.Excessive Sweating |
D. EXCESSIVE SWEATING
(horner's= lower bp injury) causes lack of sweating-anhydrosis. |
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The quadrangular space contains the
a.axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery(&V) b. axillary nerve and anterior circumflex humeral artery (&V) |
A.AXILLARY N. & POST. CIRCUMFLEX HUMERAL ARTERY (&V)
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What vessels join together to form the Axillary vein?
a. Cephalic vein & Basilic vein b.Basilic V.& Vena comitantes c.Cephalic Vein & vena comitantes |
B. BASILIC VEIN & VENA COMITANTES
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Erb’s Palsy what motion is affected ( what not affected?)
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Upper brachial nerve C5-C6 Shoulder neck is affected
Erb’s Palsy is upper brachial plexus injury. Results in adduction, internal rotation of shoulder, extended elbow, and pronated forearm-bc opposing actions are unabled |
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Injury to radial nerve results in?
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LOSS OF EXTENSION OF WRIST
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What do the roots of the brachial plexus come from?
a.Ventral rami of spinal nerve b.Ventral roots c.Dorsal root d.Dorsal rami |
A. VENTRAL RAMI OF SPINAL NERVE
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Dental assistant problems (symptoms of carpal tunnel) refer to a neurologist because you suspect problems with this nerve...
a. Radial b. Ulnar c. Median |
C. MEDIAN NERVE
(only nerve through the carpal tunnel) |
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Pure abduction of wrist involves what muscles?
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1. EXT. CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
2.EXT. CARPI RADIALIS BREVIS 3.FLEXOR CARPI RADIALIS |
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What do the roots of the brachial plexus come from?
a.Ventral rami of spinal nerve b.Ventral roots c.Dorsal root d.Dorsal rami |
A. VENTRAL RAMI OF SPINAL NERVE
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Which of the following is not an extensor of the interpharangle joint?
a. extensor indices b. extensor digitorum c. extensor digiti minimi d. ext. carpi radialis longus |
D. EXT. CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS
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Erb’s Palsy what motion is affected (what's not affected?)
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Upper brachial nerve C5-C6 Shoulder neck is affected
Erb’s Palsy is upper brachial plexus injury. Results in adduction, internal rotation of shoulder, extended elbow, and pronated forearm-bc opposing actions are unabled. |
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What vessels join together to form the Axillary vein?
a.Cephalic vein & Basilic vein b.Basilic V. &Vena comitantes c.Cephalic vein and vena comitantes |
B. BASILIC VEIN & VENA COMITANTES
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Horner's all except?
a.Droopy eye on side of injury b.Constricted pupil c.All d.Excessive Sweating |
D. EXCESSIVE SWEATING
(actually causes anhydrosis= lack of sweating) (Horner's is a result lower BP injury) |
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10. Lymph drainage from breast follows
a.Lateral, Apical b.Pectoral, Central, Apical c. Pectoral, Apical, Central d. Pectoral, Central, Lateral |
B. PECTORAL, CENTRAL, APICAL
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Broke arm at surgical head. Loss of sensory at this patch on shoulder. What muscle won’t work?
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DELTOID (AXILLARY NERVE)
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Separated shoulder happens?
a.Glenohumoral b.Acromioclavicular c.All d.Sternoclavicular |
B. ACOMIOCLAVICULAR
(***Dislocation happens at Glenohumoral joint) |
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What do the rotator cuff muscles not do?
a.ABduction of the shoulder b.Adduction of the shoulder c.Medial rotation d.Lateral rotation |
B. ADDUCTION OF THE SHOULDER
(a.ABduction-Supraspinatus c.Med.Rotation-Subscapularis d.Lat.Rotation- Teres Minor& Infraspinatus) |
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12. What artery is contained in the snuffbox?
a.Radial artery b.Ulnar artery c.Median artery d.Radial and Median artery |
A. RADIAL ARTERY
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All of the following flex the elbow except- test might have been shoulder or arm
a.Brachialis b.Biceps brachii c.Coracobrachialis d. Brachioradialis |
C. CORACOBRACHIALIS
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Which muscle is not part of the rotator cuff muscles?
a.Supraspinatus b.Infraspinatus c.Teres minor d.Deltoid e.Subscapularis |
D. DELTOID
(however, the deltoid (& teres major) are intrinsic muscles of the shoulder, just not part of the rotator cuff.) (a,b,c,&e=rotator cuff muscles) |
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What muscle does not originate or insert on the humerus?
A. Brachialis B. Short head of biceps C. Coracobrachialis |
B. SHORT HEAD OF BICEPS
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The retromamary space separates the fatty tissue of the breast from
a.Pectoral Fascia b.Pectoralis Major c.Pectoralis Minor d.Dermis of skin |
A. PECTORAL FASCIA
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Which cord of the Brachial Plexus does the axillary nerve run off of?
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POSTERIOR
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If median nerve is severed at the elbow joint what functions would be impaired?
a. supination b. pronation c. extension of elbow d. flexion of elbow |
B. PRONATION
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What muscle is not innervated by the Brachial Plexus?
A. SubscapulariS B. Latisssmus DorsI C. Trapezius |
C. TRAPEZIUS (Accessory nerve of cranial nerve XI)
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The profunda brachii arteries run along the humerus with which structure
a. medial artery b. radial nerve c. basilica vein d. axillary nerve |
B. RADIAL NERVE
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which regions of your arm/forearm/hand are affected by the condition known as "Saturday Night Palsy"?
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RADIAL REGION OF ARM
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Where are the nerve cell bodies of the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm located?
a. ventral rami b. dorsal rami c. lateral horn in gray matter d. ventral root in gray matter |
C.LATERAL HORN IN GRAY MATTER
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Where are the neuronal cell bodies of the musculocutaneous nerve located?
a.Lateral horn of the gray matter b.Dorsal root ganglion c.Anterior horn of the gray horn d.Sympathetic chain |
A. LATERAL HORN OF GRAY MATTER????
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Which of the following bones is part of the Wrist joint proper
a.Capitate b.Ulna c.Lunate d.Hamate |
C. LUNATE (AND SCAPHOID TOO)
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Axillary nerve innervates which of the following muscles?
A. deltoid B. teres major C. teres minor D. Deltoid and Teres Major E. Deltoid and Teres Minor |
E. DELTOID AND TERES MINOR
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Shoulder dislocation is . . .? A.dislocation of the glenohumoral joint
B.Dislocation of stenoclavicular joint C. Dislocation of acromionclavicular joint D. All of the above |
A. DISLOCATION OF GLENOHUMERAL JOINT (note difference between dislocation& separted)
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What is the Rhomboids Action?
A.retract scapula B. lateral rotation c. medial rotation |
A. RETRACT SCAPULA
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What runs with the radial nerve (in spiral groove)?
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PROFUNDA BRACHII
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What lymph node can you palpate anterior axillary fold?
A.Central Lymph node B. Apical lymph node C.Pectoral Lymph Node |
C. PECTORAL LYMPH NODE
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What is the common origin for the flexors of the forearm?
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MEDIAL EPICONDYLE
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1.What involves a separated shoulder (NOT DISLOCATED)?
a.separation of the glenohumeral joint b.all are involved c.separation of the sternoclavicular joint d.separation of the acromialclavicular joint |
D. SEPARATION OF THE ACROMIALCLAVICULAR JOINT
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What bone articulates with the thumb?
A. Trapezoid B. Trapezium C. Lunate D. Hamate |
B. TRAPEZIUM
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The second metacarpal of the hand articulates with what carpal bone?
a.hamate b.capitate c.pisiform d.scaphoid |
B. CAPITATE
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A upper brachial plexus injury affects in every motion EXCEPT:
a. Medial rotation of the shoulder b.Extension of elbow c.Abduction of arm d.Adduction of the arm |
c. ABDUCTION OF THE ARM
(well, it does all of these, bc the opposite can't work...) so you can't abduct your arm |
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What is deep to the bicipital tendon?
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BRACHIAL ARTERY
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If you severe the median nerve at the elbow what is affected?
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MOVEMENT OF THUMB... EXCEPT ADDUCTION
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Which of the following carpals is found in the wrist joint?
a.hamate b.lunate c.pisiform d.trapezoid |
B. LUNATE
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What nerve is affected from a fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus?
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AXILLARY NERVE
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Which muscle protracts the scapula?
a. trapezius b. latissimus dorsi c. serratus anterior d. triceps |
C. SERRATUS ANTERIOR
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What muscle of the rotator cuff runs anterior to the glenohumeral joint?
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SUBSCAPULARIS
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Horner’s syndrome affects all EXCEPT:
a.pupil constriction b.ptosis c.sweating of the effecting face d.all were affected |
C.SWEATING OF THE FACE... BC IT CAUSES A LACK IN SWEATING... ASK ABOUT IT IF ITS ON TEST
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what is superficial to the bicipital tendon?
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MEDIAN CUBITAL VEIN
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What nerves innervate the muscles that serve to abduct the arm (shoulder)??????
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1.AXILLARY
2.SUBSCAPULAR (lower) 3.SUPRASCAUPAR |
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What muscle attaches to the infraglenoid tubercule
a.long head of triceps b.lateral head of triceps c.medial had of the triceps d.short head of biceps |
A. LONG HEAD OF TRICEPS
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What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?
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RADIAL NERVE
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What is the prime action of the pectoralis major?
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ADDUCTION OF HUMERUS
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The lateral cord is composed of :
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Branch coming from anterior division of middle trunk and a branch from the upper trunk
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Flow of blood in veins?
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BASILIC--> AXILLARY--> SUBCLAVIAN --> BRACHIOCEPHALIC
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