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31 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
This refers to location or space. A beam does not have the same intensity at different locations within the beam
Spatial
This refers to the maximum value
Peak
This refers to the median value
Average
This refers to all time (both transmit and receive). A pulsed beam does not have the same intensity at different times
Temporal
This refers only to the transmit time (pulse duration), not the listening time
Pulsed
Various methods of evaluating ultrasound beam intensity are especially important in the study of ___
Bioeffects
The intensity of a sound beam varies depending on the location of the ___
Measurement
Beam's intensity at the location in space where it is maximum
Spatial Peak Intensity
I(sp)
Beam's average intensity across its entire cross-sectional area
Spatial Average Intensity
I(sa)
Beam's intensity at the instant in time of its maximal value
Temporal Peak Intensity
I(tp)
Beam's average intensity during the most intense half-cycle
I(max) or I(m)
Beam's average intensity during the transmit time (pulse duration) only
Pulse Average Intensity
I(pa)
Beam's average intensity during the entire pulse repitition period (both transmit and receive)
Temporal Average Intensity
I(ta)
Which temporal intensity is highest?
Temporal Peak Intensity
I(tp)
Which temporal intensity is lowest?
Temporal Average Intensity since it is the only intensity that includes receive/listening time
List Temporal Intensities from largest to smallest
I(tp) > I(max) > I(pa) > I(ta)
To study bioeffects the intensity characteristics of sound must be described accurately with regard to both ___ & ___
time & space
This is measured where intensity is maximum and at the instant in time that the most powerful part of the pulse passes
I(sptp)
This is measured where intensity is maximum averaged over the transmit time (pulse duration)
I(sppa)
This is measured where intensity is maximum and averaged over time (both transmit & receive)
I(spta)
This is measured over the entire cross-sectional area of the sound beam and over all time
I(sata)
All intensities have units of ___
W/cm(2)
Name the 6 methods of measuring and reporting intensities
SPTP SPTA SPPA
SATP SATA SAPA
Which intensity is the most relevant with respect to tissue heating?
SPTA
What number describes the spread of a beam in space and is unitless with a value >= 1?
Beam Uniformity Coefficient (aka SP/SA Factor)
What describes the relationship of beam intensities with time and is a unitless number with a value between 0 and 1?
Duty Factor
Describe the relationship between pulse average and temporal average intensities for continuous wave ultrasound
They are always the same
When pulsed and continuous wave beams have the same SPTP/SPTA intensities which beam has the higher SPTA/SATA intensity (respectively)?
Continuous wave
List intensities from largest to smallest
SPTP > I(max) > SPPA > SPTA > SATA
Of all intensity measurements, which will have the highest value?
SPTP
Of all intensity measurements, which will have the lowest value?
SATA