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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Abduction
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moving a limb or bone away from the body
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Adduction
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moving a limb or bone towards the body
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Aerobic
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'with oxygen'; when exercise is moderate and steady the heart can supply all the oxygen the working muscles need
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Aesthetic quality
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how good an action looks
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Agility
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the ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body easily
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Alveoli
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tiny air sacs of the lungs where gaseous exchange takes place
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Anaerobic
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'without oxygen'; when exercising in short fast bursts the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to the muscles as fast as the cells can use them so energy is released without oxygen present
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Antagonist
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a muscle whose action counteracts that of another muscle and so allowing movement
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Aorta
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the main artery of the body blood vessel transporting oxygenated blood to the body tissues
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Arterioles
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blood vessels that are sub-divisions of arteries leading into capillaries
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Asymmetric bars
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a piece of Olympic gymnastic equipment used by females with bars at different heights
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Atrophy
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decline in effectiveness. When muscles atrophy they weaken and lose their strength and size
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Balance
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the ability to retain the centre of mass (gravity) of the body above the base of support with reference to static (stationary) or dynamic (changing) conditions of movement shape and orientation
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Balanced competition
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grouping based on size age or experience for an even match
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Balanced diet
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daily intake of food containing right amounts and types of nutrients
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Basal metabolic rate
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the level at which energy is used without exercise
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Blood doping
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method of increasing the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood by increasing haemoglobin levels and red blood cell count
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Body composition
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the proportion of body weight that is fat muscle and bone normally measured as a percentage
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Calcify
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harden by conversion into calcium carbonate
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Calcium
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an essential element for strong healthy bones dairy products provide a good source of calcium
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Cancelluos bone
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name for spongy bone; has air pockets so it looks like a sponge
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Capillaries
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blood vessels of hair-like thinness that connect the arteries with the veins
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