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22 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Abduction
moving a limb or bone away from the body
Adduction
moving a limb or bone towards the body
Aerobic
'with oxygen'; when exercise is moderate and steady the heart can supply all the oxygen the working muscles need
Aesthetic quality
how good an action looks
Agility
the ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body easily
Alveoli
tiny air sacs of the lungs where gaseous exchange takes place
Anaerobic
'without oxygen'; when exercising in short fast bursts the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to the muscles as fast as the cells can use them so energy is released without oxygen present
Antagonist
a muscle whose action counteracts that of another muscle and so allowing movement
Aorta
the main artery of the body blood vessel transporting oxygenated blood to the body tissues
Arterioles
blood vessels that are sub-divisions of arteries leading into capillaries
Asymmetric bars
a piece of Olympic gymnastic equipment used by females with bars at different heights
Atrophy
decline in effectiveness. When muscles atrophy they weaken and lose their strength and size
Balance
the ability to retain the centre of mass (gravity) of the body above the base of support with reference to static (stationary) or dynamic (changing) conditions of movement shape and orientation
Balanced competition
grouping based on size age or experience for an even match
Balanced diet
daily intake of food containing right amounts and types of nutrients
Basal metabolic rate
the level at which energy is used without exercise
Blood doping
method of increasing the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood by increasing haemoglobin levels and red blood cell count
Body composition
the proportion of body weight that is fat muscle and bone normally measured as a percentage
Calcify
harden by conversion into calcium carbonate
Calcium
an essential element for strong healthy bones dairy products provide a good source of calcium
Cancelluos bone
name for spongy bone; has air pockets so it looks like a sponge
Capillaries
blood vessels of hair-like thinness that connect the arteries with the veins