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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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used to determine fetal lung maturation
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lecithin (phosphatidylcholine) to sphingomyelin ratio
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role of SRY gene
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produces testis-determining factor (TDF) which promotes sertoli and leydig cells
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produces mullerian inhibiting factor to prevent development of internal female genitalia
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Sertoli cells
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produces testosterone which is necessary for development of internal male genitalia
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Leydig cells
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what is necessary for external male genitalia
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Testosterone conversion to dihydrotestosterone
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increases surfactant production and therefore the L/S ratio
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glucocorticoids (cortisol)
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failure of the aorticopulmonary septum to spiral normally during septation
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transposition of the Great Vessels
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what are NTD associated with in the amniotic fluid
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increased alpha-fetal protein and acetylcholinesterase
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when is B-hCG detectable in the maternal serum
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when the blastcyst successfully implants - usually between day 8 and 11
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what causes tetralogy of fallot, transpositon of great vessels, and truncus arteriosus
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abnormal migration of neural crest cells through primitive truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis
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derived from the common cardinal veins
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Superior vena cava
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associated with uncontrolled diabetes in pregnant woman
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caudal regression syndrome
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caudal regression syndrome
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sacral agenesis, anal atresia, lower extremity paralysis, urinary incontenince - variations of these disorders
**associated with uncontrolled maternal DM |
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taking valproate during pregnancy
mechanism |
increased risk of NTD
inhibits folic acid absorption |
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99m Tc-pertechnetate scan detects presence of what
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gastric mucosa - can find ectopic gastric tissue in meckel's' diverticulum
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failure of omphalomesenteric duct
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meckel's diverticulum
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what does the ventral pancreatic bud form
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uncate process
inferior portion of pancreatic head major pancreatic duct |
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what does the midgut do when it returns to abdominal cavity during 10th week
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rotates 270 degrees around superior mesenteric artery
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failure of rotation of midgut around superior mesenteric artery results in what
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cecum found in RUQ
intestinal obstruction midgut volvulus |
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why is meckel's diverticulum a "true" diverticulum
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has all three layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscular layers
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which phase is the oocyte arrested in until puberty
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prophase of Meiosis I
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which phase is the oocyte arrested if found in the fallopian tube on day 14
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metaphase of Meiosis II
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failure of urethral fold fusion
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hypospadius
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ductus arteriosus derived from which aortic arch
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6th aortic arch
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associated with a germ-line mutation of proto-oncogene RET resulting in neural crest cell tumors
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multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN)
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MEN 1
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tumors of parathryoid, pancrease, and pituitary
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MEN 2A
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medullary carcinoma of thyroid, pheochromocytoma, parathyroid tumor
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MEN 2B
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medullary carinoma of thryoid, pheochromocytoma, mucosal neuroma
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which cells are involved in a MEN 2A in which pheochromocytoma and a thryoid carcinoma is found
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chromaffin cells of adrenal medullla
parafollicular cells of thryoid |
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common reason for elevated alpha-fetal protein levels
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underestimation of gestational age
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failure of migration of neural crest cells caudally resulting in loss of ganglion cells in intestinal wall
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hirshsprung disease
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what causes small intestinal and colonic atresias
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vascular accidents in utero
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