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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
mineral
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a naturally occuring, inorganic solid that has a crysal structure and a definite chemical composition
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mohs hardness scale
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a scale ranking ten minerals from softest to hardest
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inorganic
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not formed from living things or the remains of living things
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naturally occuring
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to be classified as a mineral, a substance must occur naturally
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solid
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a mineral that has a definite volume or shape
particles cannot move freely |
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crystal structure
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the particles of a mineral line up in a pattern that repeats over and over again
flat sides called faces that meet up at sharp edges |
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crystal
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the repeating pattern of a mineral's particles forms a solid called a crystal
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definite chemical composition
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a mineral always contains certain elements in definite proportions
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element
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a substance composed of a single kind of atom
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compound
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in a compound two or more elements are combined so that the elements no longer have distinct properties
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identifying minerals
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each mineral has it's own specific properties that can be used to identify it
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hardness
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identifying minerals by it's hardness
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color
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color of a mineral is an easily observed physical property
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streak
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streak test can provide clues to a mineral's identity
the color of it's powder is the streak |
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luster
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the term used to describe how a mineral reflects light from its surface
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density
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each mineral has a characteristic density
a mass in a given space or mass per unit volume |
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crystal systems
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the crystals of each mineral grow atom by atom to find that mineral's particular structure
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cleavage
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a mineral that splits easily along flat services has the property called cleavage
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fracture
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describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way
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special properties
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some minerals can be identified by special physical properties
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florescence
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minerals that glow under ultra violet lights
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process that form minerals
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minerals can form in two ways; through crystalization of melted materials and through crystalization of materials dissolved in water
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minerals from magma
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minerals form as hot magma cools inside the crust or as lava hardens on the surface
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minerals from hot water solutions
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some times the elements that form a mineral dissolve in hot water
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solution
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a mixture in which one substance dissolves into another
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vein
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a narrow channel or slab of a mineral that is much different from the surrounding rock
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minerals formed by evaporation
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when solutions evaporate they can form minerals
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where minerals are found
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earth's crust is made up mostly of the common rock forming minerals combined in various types of rocks
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