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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Self-proclaimed Russian holy man & confidante to Czarina Alexandria.
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Rasputin
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OPEC = ____, formed in 1960 to limit oil production
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Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
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Post World War II multinational court to try Nazis accused of crimes against humanity.
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Nuremberg Trials
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Prime Minister of England from 1940-1945 & 1951-1955, he refused to surrender to the Nazis
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Winston Churchill
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Leader of the French Army at Verdun & prime minister in 1940
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Henri Petain
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Leader of the USSR in 1985, he proposed "glasnost" & "perestroika"
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Mikhail Gorbachev
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USSR response to NATO
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Warsaw Pact
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US economic proposal (1947)to restore Europe following World War II
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Marshall Plan
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US policy (1947) not to challenge existing Communist nations' right to exist (containment)
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Truman Doctrine
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This message, sent by the German Foregin Secretary in 1917,to the government of Mexico asked Mexico to attack the US in exchange for German support of Mexico's territory claims in the US.
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Zimmermann Telegram
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Type of government in which the state is in almost complete control of citizens' lives.
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Totalitarianism
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After quickly defeating most of Western Europe, the Nazis launched an aerial attack against Great Britain in 1940. Believing that the bombing raids would force England's surrender, the raids, targetting both military and civilian targets, lasted until 1941. The British Army withstood the brutal Luftwaffe assault, and Hitler shelved his plan for the invasion of Britain.
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Battle of Britain
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In 1916 the Germans and British navies met for the only major naval engagement of the war. ALthough the British actually suffered more losses than the Germans, the German navy was so damaged that it retreated and was unable to challenge Britain's higly effective blockade.
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Battle of Jutland
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In 1945, Stalin, Churchill, and Franklin Roosevelt met to discuss postwar issues. Stalin was the winner, gaining a pro-Soviet government in charge of Poland, the division of Germany, and territority concessions in Asia as well.
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Yalta Conference
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This phrase, coined by Winston Churchill, in a 1946 speech, referred to the dangers of he increasing Soviet control of domination of Eastern Europe.
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"Iron Curtain"
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Kaiser (German term for emperor) who began ruling in 1888. He was determined to expand German influence and greatly increased the size of Germany's military. He led Germany into World War I and abdicated the throne in 1918.
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Kaiser William II
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During World War II, Allied leaders decided to establish an international organization devoted to promoting peace. The united Nations was formally established in 1945.
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United Nations
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The term means "burnt offering' and refers to the Nazi efforts (1933-1945) to exterminate the Jews in Europe. Of the 11 million European Jews, 6 million were murdered
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Holocaust
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Swiss psychiatrist who was noted for his work dealing with archtypes. He also believed in the theory of collective unconscious (this refers to a dimension of human subconscious that all members of a particular social group would share)
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Carl Jung
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One of several important physicists of the twentieth century whose work led to the splitting of the atom. He also was instrumental in the Manhattan Project (department of the atomic bomb)
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Enrico Fermi
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Agreement proposed by American Secretary of State Frank Kellogg in 1927. An outgrowth of World War I, the pact denounced war as a way to resolve conflict and was endorsed by over 50 countries within 5 years
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Kellogg-Briand Pact
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The lazt czar of Russia, he abdicated in 1917 and was murdered in 1918 along with his family.Though generally regareded as a decent man, he was an extremely weak and ineffective leader
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Nicholas II
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German word meaning "living space." The Nazis claimed the German people deserved more room to expand and usd this as a justification for invading neighboring nations
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"Lebensraum"
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The E.C., formed in 1970, was an outgrowth of the Common Market nations. European nations allied economically in order to compete against larger nations, such as the United States and Canada. Original members included France, Italy, England, Spain, Portugal, Greeve, FInland, Ireland, and Sweden
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European Community
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Leader of the USSR from 1953-1964. While famous for his "we will bury you" comment to the United States, he also opened communication with the West, particularly the United States. He also ended Stalinist purges in the USSR
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Hikita Krushchev
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Cold War mayor of West Berlin who served as Chancellor of Western Germany (1969-1974). He instituted a policy of greater cooperation with eastern communist nations
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Willie Brandt
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Egyptian leader who began a policy of cooperation with the United States and Western Europe. Under his leadership, Egypt was the first Middle Eastern nation to reconganize Israel. He was assassinated in 1981 by a group of fundamentalist officers
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Anwar Sadat
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Period of increased cooperation between the United States and the USSR. This was undertaken by Presiden Nixon and his Secretary of State, Henry Kissinger, in the 1970s. Detente was a factor in the end of the Cold War and of the USSR
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Detente
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NATO
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North Atlantic Treaty Organization: Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxenberg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, US, Canada, West Germany, Greece, Turkey
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COMECON
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Council For Mutual Economic Assistance
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CENTO
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Central Treaty Organization: US + Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Pakistan, G.B. to prevent Soviet expansion
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SEATO
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Southeast Asia Treaty Organization; US + Britain, France, Pakistan, Thailand, Philippines, Australia, New Zealand
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PLO
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Palestine Liberation Organization, formed to represent Palastininan interests
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African National Congress
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initially a group to gain political & economic reforms for Africans, but ended up calling for resistance to the white government in Africa
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"Prague Spring"
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period of euphoria in Czechoslovakia under Dubcek
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Arab League
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formed in the interests of Arab unity
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ECC/ Common Market
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France, W. Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxenbourg, Italy; elminated custom barriers; protected from the rest of the world by a common external tariff
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European Coal and Steel Community
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France, W. Germany, Belgium, Netherlands, Luxenbourg, Italy: create a common market for coal and steel products by eliminating tariffs and other trade barriers
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