Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Definition of growth?
|
Increasing in physical size
|
|
|
Definition of development?
|
Increasing in capabilities
|
|
|
What are the 6 basic nutrients?
|
Carb
Fat Vitamin Mineral Protein Water |
|
|
Which months do you complete physical exams of the child?
|
9
18 24 to 30 |
|
|
What is cephalocaudal?
|
Direction of growth from head to toe.
When a baby is born its head is one fourth of its body and its arms are longer than its legs. |
|
|
What is proximodistal?
|
Direction of growth from center outward.
Motor control of the arms come before the hands. |
|
|
When does baby get its first tooth?
|
6 months
|
|
|
What needs to be in babies toothpaste and water?
|
Fluoride
|
|
|
Whats the latest you would give a baby a dentist exam?
|
9 months
|
|
|
What are the milestones?
|
Roll by 3 to 6 months
Solid foods at 4 to 6 months Sit up by 6 months Crawl by 6 to 9 months Off bottle by 6 to 12 months Walk by 15 to 18 months |
|
|
What should a babies weight do by 6 months? 12 months?
|
Double by 6 months
Triple by 12 months |
|
|
What type of solid foods should you first give to a baby?
|
Carbs that can break down with saliva so they dont choke such as rice cereal
|
|
|
When should the fontanels close?
|
Anterior should close by 18 months
Posterior should close by 2 months |
|
|
What are the erikson ages and stages?
|
Birth to 18 months = trust versus mistrust
2 to 3 years = autonomy vs shame and doubt 3 to 5 = initiative vs guilt 6 to 11 = industry vs inferiority 12 to 18 = identity vs role confusion |
|
|
What are the 3 stages of separation anxiety?
|
Protest
Despair Detachment |
|
|
What is regression?
|
When a strange environment causes a child to go backwards to a previous developmental stage
|
|
|
What are the best type of toys for infants?
|
3 M's :
Music Mobile Mirrors |
|
|
What are the best toys for toddlers?
|
Push - Pull toys such as fake lawnmower or vacuum so they can mimic you
|
|
|
What are the best toys for preschoolers?
|
They like to play dress up, make believe to stimulate magical thinking
|
|
|
What are the best toys for school age?
|
Anything having to do with learning such as books microscope etc
|
|
|
A child thinks that its their fault for being in the hospital, what age group are they in?
|
1 and a half to 3 year old
|
|
|
What is the age range of magical thinking?
|
3 to 6 years old
|
|
|
What age groups do you use doll therapy?
|
Toddlers and Preschoolers
|
|
|
When doing assessment what procedures do you do last?
|
Invasive procedures such as thermometer under armpit or blood pressure cuff are completed last
|
|
|
What is parallel play?
|
When a 1 and a half to 3 year old has another child right next to them but they simply continue playing by themselves
|
|
|
When are kids most egocentrical?
|
2 to 7 years old
|
|
|
What is a key thing babies need in their diet of solid foods? Why?
|
Iron
Without it they can develop iron deficiency anemia |
|
|
Why can you not give a baby raw honey?
|
Immune systems aren't developed enough so they can get botulism from honey
|
|
|
When can you start giving solid foods? what about finger foods?
|
Solid food around 4 to 6 months
Finger foods around 8 months |
|
|
When do you want to start watching a babies fat intake?
|
2 years
|
|
|
What is the #1 chronic problem for children?
|
Obesity
|
|
|
Whats the max amount of time a child should watch TV per day?
|
2 hours
|
|
|
What are the adverse effects of obesity?
|
Hypertension
Asthma Diabetes Fatty liver |
|
|
What is the darkening visual effect of obesity on the skin?
|
Acanthosis Nigricans
|
|
|
What 3 things could a child be allergic to that you wouldn't want to give immunizations?
|
Eggs
Gelatin Neomycin |
|
|
What med might you give a child before you give them an immunization?
|
Tylenol, since they might get a low grade fever.
|
|
|
When would you notify doctor about an immunization response?
|
Fever above 104
Behavior changes Severe allergic reaction |
|
|
Your child has a mild grade illness or mild grade diarrhea, can you give an immunization?
|
Yes
|
|
|
What are the 3 different types of vaccines?
|
Live, dead, and synthetic
|
|
|
What types of patients do you not give live attenuated vaccines to?
|
Immunocompromised patients
(cancer, long term steroids, aids, etc) |
|
|
When can you stop having a baby car seat rear facing?
|
1 year PLUS 20 pounds
|
|
|
When can a baby sit forward?
|
4 years PLUS 40 pounds
|
|
|
Regarding child safety and keeping them out of cupboards, what safety measure would you use?
|
You would use locks instead of latches since they can break latches.
|
|
|
You should never put in a certain chemical in a - blank blank - which might get confused and ingested by a child.
|
Different container, such as putting bleach in a water bottle.
|
|
|
If a child swallows a caustic chemical substance, which procedure can you NOT do for them which you normally would with pills? Why?
|
Gastric lavage.
Because if caustic it can burn their throat again coming back up. |
|
|
What is the main thing they give to help a child thats ingested pills or chemicals?
What time frame do you usually want to give this by? |
Charcoal
Usually want to give it within an hour |
|
|
What treatment do you give for lead poisoning?
What body process must be working well in order to give this to the pt? |
Chelating agents
Must have adequate urine output |
|
|
What is the main chelating agent?
|
EDTA
|
|
|
What do you need to give with chelating agents? Why?
What other side effect should you watch out for? |
Give with calcium
Decreased calcium which makes them at risk for seizures. Also watch kidney function for nephrotoxicity. |
|
|
Signs and symptoms of lead poisoning?
|
Anemia, fatigue, trouble hearing, and behavioral changes
|
|
|
Why do you normally not give ipecac?
|
Loss of electrolytes due to violent vomiting
|
|
|
What procedure do they usually do for excess pills swallowed?
|
Gastric lavage
|
|
|
Too much tylenol? Give - blank -
|
Mucomist
|
|
|
Too much asprin? Give - blank -
|
Charcoal
or Sodium bicarbonate |
|
|
What are the cutoff times you would want to give for the 3 treatments of ingested hazards?
|
epicac = 20 minutes
gastric lavage = 1 hour charcoal = 1 hour |
|
|
What happens if you receive an order for PO med on an unconscious patient?
|
Contact the doctor for a change of treatment since you cant give PO meds to unconscious patient
|
|
|
When preschoolers feel like the reason they are in the hospital is because they were bad, what stage is this?
|
Autonomy versus Guilt / Shame
|
|
|
What 2 things does a school age child fear the most is going to happen from illness?
|
Mutilation of their body and that their friends will forget about them.
|
|
|
How do adolescents feel about illness and being in the hospital?
|
They are invincible and they are not sure if they want their parents there
|
|
|
Sometimes school age don't understand that death is - blank -
|
Permanent
|
|
|
What are the 2 types of failure to thrive?
|
Organic = something on the inside causing them not to thrive
Inorganic = something on the outside, such as lack of food, causing them not to thrive |
|
|
What is the 2 most important physical things to keep track of with failure to thrive?
|
Height and weight
|
|
|
What are some behavior indicators of failure to thrive?
|
Lack of stranger anxiety
CONSTANT SUCKING Avoidance of eye contact Avoidance of physical touch Rocking back and fourth Head banging Biting nails Eating hair |
|
|
Behavioral indicators of failure to thrive can be a sign of what type of failure to thrive?
|
Abuse
Inorganic |
|
|
What can cause neonatal sepsis?
|
Herpes during delivery
G B S positive Ecoli |
|
|
What labs are you looking at in regards to sepsis?
|
Neutrophils
Bands , which are simply immature neutrophils E S R , erythrocyte sed rate will tell you theres inflammation |
|
|
How to treat sepsis?
|
Broad spectrum I V antibiotics
|
|
|
What are the broad spectrum antibiotics?
|
Amp
Vanco Aminoglycocides - dangerous |
|
|
What test do you ALWAYS need to do for kids with down syndrome?
|
Echo cardio gram due to malformations of the heart being common
|
|
|
What are the common problems associated with down syndrome regarding the heart, gi, and endocrine systems?
|
Heart malformations
Pyloric stenosis Hypothyroidism |
|
|
What are down syndrome kids 12 times more likely to develop?
|
Leukemia
|
|
|
What is the main clinical manifestation of down syndrome?
|
Low set small ears
Others are Inner epicample folds |
|
|
How do you treat otitis media and externa?
|
Media = antibiotics
Externa = drops |
|
|
What is the different between chronic (instead of acute) otitis media?
|
Not an infection, simply inflammation so no antibiotics
|
|
|
What is the biggest risk factor for kids getting otitis media?
|
Don't have them supine or bottle propped while feeding them
|
|
|
What should you do for chronic otitis media?
|
Get a doctors order for an audiologist
|
|
|
Whats an even more serious condition otitis media can lead to?
|
Meningitis
|
|
|
What is a good sign that a kid have otitis media?
|
Pulling/pushing on ears
Also vomiting |
|
|
What is the procedure called where they put in tubes to help the fluid in the ears drain?
|
Myringotomy
|
|
|
What happens to a young persons risk for pregnancy problems?
|
All risk factors increase alot since they wont be compliant at all.
|
|
|
What happens if a pregnant teen tells you she is being compliant and is taking her prenatal vitamins?
|
Get a blood test done to be sure
|
|
|
What is the common sign you will see with shaken baby syndrome?
|
There are no obvious signs of shaken baby syndrome
|
|
|
You have a teenager who dropped out of school, what are you worried about?
|
Your worried that she says she has "a couple of beers" on the weekend.
|
|
|
When can a person with roseola be in contact with others?
|
Once they get the rose rash they aren't contagious anymore
|
|
|
What are the signs and symptoms of rubeola?
|
3 C's
Coriza - runny nose Cough Conjunctivitis |
|
|
Pertussis is bacterial or viral?
|
Bacterial
|
|
|
When are cellulitis and impetigo is a person not contagious anymore?
|
After they have gotten antibiotics for 48 hours
|
|
|
What are the 3 stages of pertussis?
|
Cateral stage = cold signs and symptoms
Proximal = whooping cough Convelesant = starting to go down by can have cough for months |
