Tropical Medicine, Tm 32 Vaccines For Travel Abroad

Front 1

What are 4 contraindications to live vaccines?

Back 1

1. pregnancy
2. allergies
3. immunosupression
4. HIV

Front 2

What are 6 routine vaccinations for travel?

Back 2

1. update poli, tetanus, diphtheria (if 10 years + since previous
2. influenza (elderly, at risk)
3. pneumococcal
4. meningococcal
5. MMR
6. BCG

Front 3

Where have there been recent polio outbreaks?

Back 3

Africa,Indonesia

Front 4

What vaccines are needed for travel outside of N. Western Europe, N. America, Japan, Australia, New Zealand?

Back 4

1. typhoid and Hep A

Front 5

What are the 2 types of typhoid vaccine?

Back 5

1. polysaccharide Vi (inactivated vagella), lasts 3 years
2. Oral typhoid vaccine (LIVE), lasts 1 year

*both have about 80% efficacy

Front 6

What is the vaccine type for Cholera and the dose scedule?

Back 6

killed (give 2 doses 1 week apart) and live attenuated oral vaccine (1 dose)

Front 7

What is the Hepatitis A Vaccine?

Back 7

inactivated vaccine (two doses, 6-12 months apart, covers 10 years)

Front 8

What are 4 compulsory vaccinations for endemic area travel?

Back 8

1. yellow fever (S. America, Africa)
2. meningococcal
3. cholera
4. smallpox

Front 9

What is the yellow fever vaccine?
-contraindications:

Back 9

live attenuated viral vaccine (takes 10 days to be effective after dose)

-c/i: egg or gelatine allergy

Front 10

What are side effects to yellow fever vaccine

Back 10

-s/e:
*1. headache, myalgia 2-5%, or *2. YEL-AND severe neurological effects (encephalitis, guillan barre, demyelination, 5% mortality rate)
*3. YEL-AVD: like wild type yellow fever, 50% mortality

Front 11

For travel to where is the meningococcal meningitis vaccine -required?
-recommended?

Back 11

-Haj, Saudi Arabia
-meningitis belt in africa

Front 12

What are "special case" vaccines?

Back 12

1. Hep B
2. Rabies
3. Japanese B encephalitis
4. Tick borne encephalitis

Front 13

Who is Hep B recommended for?

Back 13

1. all children, young adults and high risk behavior
2. long term travellers
3. occupation risk
4. frequent travellers

Front 14

For where is Rabies vaccine recommended?

Back 14

-central and tropical s. america
-indian
-far east
*invariably fatal disease

Front 15

For whom is Japanese B encephalitis recommended?

Back 15

-short term travellers to far east, India (rural disease)

Front 16

-What is the source of Japanese B encephalitis vaccine?
-Side effects

Back 16

-mouse brain
-anaphylaxis and encephalitis

Front 17

-Where/when does ARBO dz, "Tick Borne Encephalitis" occur?

Back 17

-Central and Northern Europe,
-USSR
-rural, forested area, from drinking goats milk
-occurs in spring, early summer

Front 18

Revise some facts on Malaria's (give numbers infected etc.) impact on health worldwide:

Back 18

1. 1.5-2.7 million killed/year, and 300-500 million new cases/year
2. 1/2 of world population is at risk
3. 10% of W. African children killed/year
4. occurs in 100 cases (with 125 million travels/year)

Front 19

Where is malaria and resistant malaria most common:

Back 19

1. sub-saharan africa
2. pockets in se asia (highly drug resistant)
3. India (lots of vivax)
4. South America: amazon (highly drug resistant)

Front 20

Who is most at risk for contracting malaria?

Back 20

1. tourists, VFR, ex-patriots
2. immigrants
3. airport
4. IVDU, transfusion
5. vertical transmission

Front 21

What are Risk factors for malaria:

Back 21

1. age (young)
2. history of exposure (lost immunity, burkitt's lymphoma, funny blood)
3. pregnancy

Front 22

What are generalized symptoms of Falciparum Malaria?

Back 22

1. fever/chills
2. dizzy
3. backache
4. myalgia

Front 23

What are abdominal symptoms of Falciparum Malaria?

Back 23

1. anorexia, nausea, vomitting
2. abdominal pain
3. diarrhea

Front 24

What are respiratory symptoms of Falciparum Malaria?

Back 24

1. dry cough
2. SOB

Front 25

What are symptoms of Falciparum Malaria in children under 5?

Back 25

1. drowsy
2. "off" feed
3. thirst
4. vomiting, diarrhoea
5. cyanosis
6. convulsions

Front 26

What are symptoms of Falciparum Malaria in PREGNANCY?

Back 26

1. relapses (due to immunosupression in pregnancy)
2. ARF
3. hypoglycaemia
4. cause of abortion, stillbirth and neonatal deaths

Front 27

What are the risks of being bitten by a malaria carrying mosquito in:
West Africa
East Africa
India
Thailand

Back 27

West Africa 1:1 day of travel
East Africa 1:10 days of travel
India 1: Month of travel
Thailand 1:10 months of travel

Front 28

What drugs are for malaria prophylaxis?

Back 28

1. Chloroquine and proguanil (reduced efficacy in Africa, not for other areas, for india or ex-pats)
2. Mefloquine-Lariam (>90% effective)
3. Doxycycline (>90% effective in Africa and Asia, C/I in children and pregnancy)
4. Atovaquone/proguanil – Malarone (98% effective in Africa)

Front 29

Give the S/E for:
1. Chloroquine and proguanil
2. Mefloquine - Lariam
3. Doxycycline
4. Atovaquone/proguanil – Malarone

Back 29

1. GIT, mouth ulcers, hair loss, itch
2. dizzy, nausea, vomiting, myalgia, athralgia, fatigue, psychoneurological
3. photosensitivity, superinfections, not for kids
4.GI, headache, cough