Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the reasons to study history?
|
History is Interesting, History is Never Finished, empathy, to be a better thinker, and to learn from past mistakes
|
|
|
What are the 5 Founding American Ideals?
|
Democracy, Liberty, Equality, Opportunity, and Rights
|
|
|
Define: Democracy
|
a system of government founded on the simple principle of power that comes to rule
|
|
|
Define: Opportunity
|
A chance for people to pursue their hopes and dreams
|
|
|
Define: Liberty
|
Freedom
|
|
|
Define: Equality
|
a situation in which all people are treated the same way and treated equally
|
|
|
Define: Rights
|
Power or Privileges granted to people either by an agreement among themselves or by law
|
|
|
What are some reasons Early Explorers came to the New World?
|
find riches, claim land/ expand territory, adventure, and faster route to Asia
|
|
|
What are some of the problems faced between the Natives and Explorers?
|
explorers brought disease, language barriers, different cultures, different religions, explorers were greedy and wanted land, and allies with some tribes lead to conflict with others
|
|
|
What are some positive interactions between Natives and Explorers?
|
explorers brought new technology to natives, natives taught explorers, how to grow crops off of land, some natives and explorer groups created an alliance where they worked together
|
|
|
Why was Jamestown considered to be a successful British colony?
|
Because the colony of Roanoke disappeared without a trace
|
|
|
What crop saved Jamestown?
|
Tobacco
|
|
|
Who became the leader of Jamestown?
|
John Smith
|
|
|
How did the relationship with the Natives change?
|
John Rolfe married Pocahontas and the tribes became friends
|
|
|
What were the colonial regions?
|
New England, Middle, and Southern
|
|
|
What did all three regions have in common?
|
All founded or near water, relied on trade to survive, and grew same types of crops
|
|
|
What were three distinct differences in the colonial regions?
|
Religion, geography, and types of resources
|
|
|
Boston Tea Party
|
December 16, 1773, Colonists dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the water
|
|
|
Intolerable Acts
|
A series of laws passed by British Parliament that caused violence in the Thirteen Colonies, 1774
|
|
|
Common Sense
|
47- Page pamphlet written by Thomas Paine about Britain's acts in the colonies, January 10, 1776
|
|
|
Committee of Correspondence
|
governments made by patriot leaders in 1773
|
|
|
Declaration of Independence
|
Told Britain that they colonies were breaking away from Britain,written mostly by Thomas Jefferson, July 4, 1776
|
|
|
Know the 4 parts of the Intolerable Acts
|
Boston Port Act, Massachusetts Act, Quartering Act, Administration of Justice Act
|
|
|
What were the four different viewpoints of the American Revolution?
|
Moderates, Patriots, Loyalists, and British Government
|
|
|
Percentages of the Viewpoints
|
?
|
|
|
Explain the Significance of the Olive Branch Treaty
|
the treaty: affirmed loyalty to the king, asked for help with their grievances, and expressed hope for peace
The King: Colonists were already were revolting and it was too late. |
|
|
What was Common Sense?
|
A 47 page pamphlet written by Thomas Paine, Stated: nobody should be ruled by a king, British rule has only brought American harm, colonies have been dragged into Britain's conflicts with other countries, stated that the colonists could survive without Britain
|
|
|
Besides Thomas Paine, whose ideas inspired change?
|
John Locke
|
|
|
What were John Locke's ideas?
|
Believed in natural rights: life, liberty, and property, Governments are bound by social contracts, if a government does not respect the people's social rights, they have the right to overthrow the government
|
|
|
What was the name of the group that met to decide independence?
|
2nd Continental Congress
|
|
|
Who proposed the resolution for independence?
|
Richard Henry Lee
|
|
|
Who was on the committee to draft the Declaration of Independence ?
|
Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman, Benjamin Franklin, Robert R. Livingston, and John Adams.
|
|
|
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
|
Thomas Jefferson
|
|
|
What are the parts to the Declaration of Independence?
|
Statements of Human Rights, Grievances against the king, and Statement of Independence
|
|
|
When was the Declaration of Independence approved?
|
July 4 ,1776
|
|
|
What were the strengths of Britain during the war?
|
Strongest Army and Navy, Strongest government, well trained soldiers, experienced officers, and lots of money
|
|
|
What were the weaknesses of the British?
|
Fighting from 3,000 miles away, and supplies took months to reach colonies
|
|
|
What were the strengths in the Americans?
|
Fighting for a cause, knew the terrain, adapted new guerrilla warfare techniques, didn't have to beat the British, just had to hold them off until they gave up, and received help from France and other countries
|
|
|
What are the weaknesses of the Americans?
|
army was made up of volunteers and were poorly trained, very few experienced officers, limited supplies and weapons, new country, no navy, and no money
|
|
|
Lexington/ Concord
|
April 19, 1775 One of the first wars fought between Colonists and British
|
|
|
Bunker Hill
|
June 17, 1775 Colonists killed many British Soldiers and Officers
|
|
|
Battle of New York
|
1776 and 1777, Colonies outnumbered and retreated, colonists were led by George Washington
|
|
|
Saratoga
|
October 7, 1777 Colonists won the war and held high-up British General John Burgoyne captive
|
|
|
Yorktown
|
Last war of the American Revolutionary War, French helped out America and won. September 28- October19, 1781
|
|
|
Who was the Commander of the Continental Army?
|
George Washington
|
|
|
Who was known as the Swamp Fox?
|
Francis Marion
|
|
|
Why was he called the Swamp Fox?
|
He would outsmart the British Generals, hide in the swamps of South Carolina and Georgia, then attack
|
|
|
When was the surrender of the British?
|
October 19, 1781
|
|
|
When was the Treaty of Paris signed?
|
September 1783
|
|
|
What were the main points of the Treaty of Paris?
|
Britain recognized America's Independence
Britain gave up all land between the Atlantic Coast and the Mississippi River |
|
|
What were the strengths of the Articles of Confederation?
|
Coin or print money, declare war make peace, negotiate treaties, and operate the post office system
|
|
|
What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
|
States could print their own money, Federal government could not force states to obey its laws, no federal court system, no national army, Federal government could not enforce individual laws, could not raise taxes, no central government, no power to regulate trade between states
|
|
|
What were the land ordinances and impact did they have?
|
Land Ordinances were local regulation that established territories. The land ordinances admitted each new state as equal to the originals and set the standard to which all new states were to be admitted
|
|
|
What was the difference in territories and states?
|
Territories had to have 5,000 free men and they could have their legislature. States had to have 60,000 free men, write their own state constitutions and be approved by congress
|
|
|
What were the problems with other countries under the Articles of Confederation?
|
No central government, Britain and Spain were supplying guns to natives and encouraging them to attack colonies, Britain closed ports to American ships, and other countries did not want to trade
|
|
|
What were the problems with states?
|
States could impose import tariffs
|
|
|
How did Shay's Rebellion lead to the writing of the constitution?
|
Summer of 1786 in Massachusetts, farmers were upset with their debt took control over courthouses. Militias were sent to stop the rebellion. It showed the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederations by noy having a having a central army to stop the uprising before it got out of hand. The business owners and landowners feared anarchy
|
|
|
Where did Delegates meet to discuss trade between states?
|
Annapolis, Maryland
|
|
|
Many Delegates did not show up, so a motion was made to do what?
|
Continue the conversation in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
|
|
|
What was the original purpose of the meeting in Philadelphia?
|
To revise the Articles of Confederation
|
|
|
What were the main two groups at the convention?
|
Federalists and Anti-Federalists
|
|
|
What did each group support?
|
Federalists wanted a strong central government, while the Anti-Federalists wanted more power to states
|
|
|
Checks and Balances
|
Each government watched over the other and made sure nothing was wrong
|
|
|
Electoral College
|
Where representatives from each state vote on president and vice-president
|
|
|
Virgina Plan
|
Was used to revise and enlarge the Articles of Confederation
|
|
|
New Jersey Plan
|
Called for two houses of Congress based on population written by William Paterson
|
|
|
The Great Compromise
|
Written by Roger Sherman, defined the legislature structure and representation in each state
|
|
|
The 3/5 Compromise
|
Said that 3 blacks are equivalent to 5 whites
|
|
|
Who were two delegates that stayed away from the convention because they "smelled a rat"?
|
Patrick Henry and Samuel Adams
|
|
|
Who were the two delegates who were in Europe at the time?
|
John Adams and Thomas Jefferson
|
|
|
Who is considered the father of the constitution?
|
James Madison
|
|
|
Who were the leaders of the Federalists?
|
John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison
|
|
|
What were the Federalists papers?
|
85 essays written by Hamilton, Jay, and Madison to gain support for the ratification of the Constitution
|
|
|
What is the Bill of Rights?
|
1st 10 amendments to the Constitution
|
|
|
Why wad the Bill of Rights written?
|
To compromise with the anti-federalists, they felt that the constitution did not guarantee individual rights
|
|
|
How many delegates attended the convention, stayed and signed?
|
55 delegates attended, 42 stayed, and 39 signed
|
|
|
How long did it take to write the Constitution?
|
4 months
|
|
|
How many of the states did it take to ratify the Constitution?
|
9 out of the 13
|
