Trends- Leadership/management/ Evp

Front 1

Leadership

Back 1

•“Leadership is the art of getting someone to do something you want done because he wants to do it.” Dwight D. Eisenhower
•“Leadership is the ability to influence people to accomplish goals.” (Huber, 2000)
•It is the combined use of innate personality traits, learned behaviors, and the specific elements of a given situation “to guide individuals and groups (usually employees, co-workers, or colleagues) toward the attainment of some common mission or outcome”.
•Leaders

Front 2

Three Primary Tasks of a Leader

Back 2

•Set Direction: Mission, Goals, Vision
•Build Commitment: Motivate and Inspire
•Confront Challenges: Innovation, Deal with Change, take Risks

Front 3

What Does Leadership Involve?Qualities of a good Leader

Back 3

•Leadership Theories
•Motivation
•Group development and teamwork
•Power & Conflict
•Confrontation and Negotiation
•Effective Communication
•Critical Thinking and Problem Solving
•Sets worthy goals and achieves them
•Sets an overall positive example for others to follow; uplifting and optimistic
•Responsible
•Has integrity & honesty
•Compassionate
•Good interpersonal skills
•Listens to others
•Supportive and guiding: respects the individual
•Helps others achieve their goals and develop their skills
•Tolerates criticism/good self esteem
•Risk taker/Perseverance

Front 4

What is Management?

Back 4

•A process of influencing people but with the specific intention of contributing to meeting the organization’s goals.
•Is the process of getting work done through other people.
•Planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling work given to employees

Front 5

Management Functions
•

Back 5

Officially responsible for the work of a group.
•Hiring and firing
•Evaluating staff performance
•Prepare and implement a budget
•Approve expenses and purchases
•Plan current and future activities of the unit.
•Recommend raises and promotions
•Handle conflict
•Evaluating staff performance
•Be open to demands of continuous change

Front 6

Differences Between Leadership and Management
•

Back 6

Managers have formal authority to direct the work of a given set of employees.
•Managers are formally responsible for the quality and cost of that work.
–Neither is necessary to be a leader
–On the other hand, to be an effective manager, you need to be a good leader.
•You do not have to be a manager to be a leader.
•Managers control aspects of the environment such as resources, time, and money.
•Management positions may be assigned.
•With a management position, comes power

Front 7

Differences Between Leadership and Management
•Leadership

Back 7

–Based on influence
–An informal designation
–An achieved position
–Part of every nurse’s role
–Independent of management

Front 8

Differences Between Leadership and Management
Management

Back 8

–Based on authority
–A formally designated position
–An assigned position
–Usually responsible for budgets, hiring and firing
–Improved by use of effective leadership skills

Front 9

Theory X states that it is assumed that:

Back 9

–Most people don’t want to work hard
–The manager’s job is to see that they work hard
–And the best way to do this is to use a control-supervision-and punishment method.

Front 10

Theory Y assumes that:

Back 10

–Work is motivating and stimulating
–People really want to do their job well
–The best way to assure this is to use a guidance-development-reward method

Front 11

Evidenced Based Nursing

Back 11

The process by which we as nurses make clinical decisions using the “best available research available, our clinical expertise, and patient preferences in the context of available resources”.

Front 12

Evidence Based Nursing (EBN)
•What factors must be considered?

Back 12

–Sufficient research must have been published on the specific topic.
–The nurse must have skill in accessing and critically analyzing research.
–The nurse’s practice must allow her/him to implement changes based on EBN.

Front 13

Evidence Based Nursing (EBN)
•Must solve problems encountered by nurses by:
–

Back 13

Clearly identify the issue or problem based on accurate analysis of current nursing knowledge and practice.
–Search the literature for relevant research.
–Evaluate the research evidence using established criteria regarding scientific merit.
–Choose interventions and justify the selection with the most valid evidence.

Front 14

Evidence-Based Practice Model(

Back 14

Step 1: Assess the need for change.
Step 2: Ability to connect the identified problem with appropriate interventions and outcomes through the use of nursing standards and “best practices”.
Step 3: Literature review of the interventions and outcomes to determine if there is enough evidence to support a change in current practice
Step 4: Based on the literature supported best evidence, a change in practice can be proposed.
Step 5: Decision to implement change, adapt it further, or discard it.
Step 6: Integrate the change into practice. Assist in change acceptance and quality management

Front 15

Quantitative Designs
–

Back 15

Apply knowledge from a smaller sample to a larger populaton.
–Quantitative designs: survey, needs assessment, experimental, quasi-experimental, methodologic, meta-analysis, secondary analysis. (See table 6-1)

Front 16

Qualitative Designs
–

Back 16

Used for discover rather than verification.
–Explain a process rather than to verify cause and effect.
–Interviewing to explore the meaning of experiences.
–Generalizations not made from findings. Cannot assert that findings from a small sample would be the same in a large population.
–See table 6-2

Front 17

Research Based

Back 17

Meta Analysis
Experimental studies
All types of Research
Multiple non-experimental studies
Published EBP Guidelines

Front 18

Non-Research Based


Back 18

Case Studies
Quality Improvement Data or Case Reports
Practice Guidelines
Expert Opinions-Standard of Practice