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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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atomic radius
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radius of an atom, distance from nucleus to outermost stable electron
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ionic radius
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energy change required to lose an electron
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ionization energy
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energy needed to move an electron
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electronegativity
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a measure of an atoms ability to attract electrons in a chemical bond
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electron affinity
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energy released when an electron is grabbed
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-----> smaller as you go across periodic table, bigger as you go down
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atomic radius, ionic radius (no 8a), metal reactivity
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-----> bigger as you go across table, smaller as you go down
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ionization energy, electron affinity (no 8a), electronegativity(no 8a), nonmetal reacting
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when an atom loses electrons, (and becomes a ______ ion, otherwise known as a ________) it becomes _______.
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positive, cation, smaller
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when an atom gains electrons, (and becomes a ________ion, otherwise known as a _______), it becomes_______.
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negative, anion, larger
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elements on the ____ side ofthe periodic table form possitive ions, while those on the right form ______
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left, right
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atons with (high, low) electronization energy hold on to their electrons very tightly
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high
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ionization energy ________ as you move down a group. why?
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decreases because as you move down a group, electrons occupy orbitals that are farther from the nucleus and are not as strongly attracted as a result, the electrons are easier to move and IE decreases
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the larger an atomic radius, the _____ ionization energy
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less
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Activity
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Measure of how chemically reactive an element is -
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an elements ability to _____ electrons is related to its ionization energy, while its ability to ______ electrons is related to its electron affinity
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lose, gain
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elements at the top right corner of the periodic table have ___ ionization energies and ____ electrons easily. therefore, they are very active.
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low, lose
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elements at the top right corner of the periodic table have very _____ I.E's and ____ electrons easily. they are very active.
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high, gain
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elements in groups __A-__A (generally ______) lose electrons easily. Elements in Groups __A-__A (generally ____) gain electrons easily.
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1,4, metals
5,7, nonmetals |
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______ is the most electronegative element, while _____ is the least.
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flourine, francium.
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electronegativy _______ from left to right across a period and______ as youmove down a group.
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increases, decreases
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Aufbau principle
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Electrons enter orbitals of energy first
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Pauli exclusion principle
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An orbital can hold amaximum of 2 elextrons with opposite spins
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Hunds rule
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When electrons occupy orbitals of equal energy, one electron enters each orbital until all the orbitals contain one electron
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Diagonal rule
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1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d,4p etc..
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noble gas configuration
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Mg = [Ne]3s^2
P = [Ne]3s^2 3p^3 |
