Treatments

Front 1

what are the 3 types of treatment approaches?

Back 1

psychodynamic therapies, cognitive-behaviour therapies and biological treatments.

Front 2

psychodynamic therapies (Freud)

Back 2

the mental symptoms reflect unconscious conflicts that induce anxiety. two principles: insight and therapeutic alliance.

Front 3

insight

Back 3

understanding of ones own psychological responses and unconscious conflicts (captain of own ship).

Front 4

therapeutic alliance

Back 4

the comfortable relationship between patient and therapist allowing them to express themselves.

Front 5

free association

Back 5

patient is encouraged to say whatever comes to mind in order to reveal unconscious processes of the patient.

Front 6

interpretation

Back 6

therapist interrupts thoughts, defences and feelings of patient and reveal hidden conflict and motivations.

Front 7

resistance

Back 7

addressed in interpretation, is the barriers to free association or to treatment in general.

Front 8

transference

Back 8

where people experience similar thoughts, feelings, fears and wishes in new relationships as they did in past ones. Freud refers to as transferring of feelings from childhood onto adult relationship.

Front 9

varieties of psychodynamic therapies

Back 9

psychoanalysis and psychodynamic psychotherapy.

Front 10

psychoanalysis

Back 10

patient lies on couch with therapist sitting behind them, encourages free association.

Front 11

psychodynamic psychotherapy

Back 11

fac-to-face therapy and is more goal-directed.

Front 12

cognitive-behavioural therapies

Back 12

use methods derived from behaviourist and cognitive approaches to learning. more short term.

Front 13

behavioural analysis

Back 13

examining the stimuli or thoughts associated with it, which defines the targets of treatments.

Front 14

classical conditioning techniques

Back 14

are desensitisation and exposure

Front 15

systematic desensitisation

Back 15

the patient gradually confronts a phobic stimulus mentally while in a state that inhibits anxiety.

Front 16

exposure techniques

Back 16

patient is exposed to actual phobic stimuli in real life, rather than imagining it.

Front 17

flooding

Back 17

patient confronts phobic stimuli all at once, can be frightening.

Front 18

graded exposure

Back 18

the patient is gradually exposed to phobic stimulus.

Front 19

virtual reality exposure

Back 19

patients are exposed to virtual images of the feared stimulus.

Front 20

operant conditioning

Back 20

techniques use reinforcement and punishment to modify unwanted behaviours.

Front 21

participatory modelling

Back 21

therapist models the desired behaviour and gradually induces the patient to participate in it.

Front 22

skills training

Back 22

teaching the behaviours necessary to accomplish relevant goals.

Front 23

social skills training

Back 23

teaching new skills to people with specific interpersonal deficits such as social awkwardness.

Front 24

cognitive therapy

Back 24

focuses on changing dysfunctional cognitions presumed to underlie psychological disorders.

Front 25

Ellis' rational-emotive behavioural therapy

Back 25

proposes that patients can rid themselves of most psychological conditions by maximising their rational thinking and not irrational.

Front 26

Beck's cognitive therapy

Back 26

focuses on challenging (change) patients cognitive distortions.

Front 27

humanistic therapies

Back 27

help people get in touch with their feelings, with their 'true self' and with a sense of meaning in life.

Front 28

Gestalt therapy

Back 28

approach to treatment that emphasises awareness of feelings. made to get in touch with ones feelings so people weren't controlled by society.

Front 29

empty chair technique

Back 29

used by Gestalt therapists, they place empty chair in front of patient and ask them to imagine person they trust in it.

Front 30

client-centred therapy

Back 30

assumes that problems in living result when peoples concept of self is incongruent with their actual experience.

Front 31

unconditional positive regard

Back 31

expressing an attitude of fundamental acceptance towards client without any conditions.

Front 32

group therapy

Back 32

multiple people meet to work towards therapeutic goals.

Front 33

self-help group

Back 33

variation of group therapy which isn't guided by a professional.

Front 34

family therapy

Back 34

to change maladaptive family interaction patterns.

Front 35

genogram

Back 35

a map of family over three or four generations to pin point reoccurring patterns.

Front 36

martial or couple therapy

Back 36

focuses on relationship between members of a couple and can rely on psychodynamic, systemic, cognitive and behavioural principles.

Front 37

psychotropic medications

Back 37

act on brain to affect mental processes.

Front 38

antipsychotic medications

Back 38

highly sedating tranquillisers used for schizophrenia and other psychotic states.

Front 39

antidepressants

Back 39

increase the amount of norepinephrine, serotonin and can reduce depression/anxiety. also include MAO inhibitors and SSRIs.

Front 40

tricyclic antidepressants

Back 40

block re-uptake of serotonin and norepinephrine into presynaptic membrane.

Front 41

lithium

Back 41

for bipolar, acts slowly and has high relapse statistics.

Front 42

benzodiazepines

Back 42

an anti-anxiety medication, useful for short term (e.g.. Xanax or Valium).

Front 43

Electro-compulsive therapy (ECT)

Back 43

electroshock mostly treatment for major depression (also schizophrenia, bipolar and catatonia).

Front 44

psychosurgery

Back 44

brain surgery to reduce psychological symptoms, used for anxiety disorders like obsessive-compulsive disorder.