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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Psychotherapy
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refer to all the diverse approaches used in the treatment of mental disorders and psychological problems
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Insight therapy
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-"talk therapy"
- involves pursuing increased insight regarding the nature of the clients difficulty and sorting through possible solutions |
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Behavior therapies
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- Changing overt behaviour
- based on the principle of learning, with behaviour therapist working to alter maladaptive habits and change overt behaviours |
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Biomedical therapies
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-biological functioning interventions
-involve interventions to alter a person's biological functioning |
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who seeks treatment?
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- 15 percent of US population in a year
- Most common: anxiety and depression - women more then man - if have medical insure more likely - don't seek help because of the stigma surrounding the receipt of mental health treatment |
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Who provides treatment?
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- Clinical psychologist- doctoral degree
- Counseling psychologist- doctoral degree - Psychiatrists- prescribe medicine - Psychiatric nurses- bachelor/ master degree - Clinical social workers - Counselors- master degree |
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Sigmund Freud
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- believed inner conflicts among the id, ego and superego cause problems and that defines maeuvers on the part of the ego often lead to self-defeating behaviour and are only partially successful
- Goal: discover unresolved unconscious conflicts - leads to anxiety |
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Free association
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clients spontaneously express their thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur, with little censorship
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dream analysis
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involves the therapist interpreting the symbolic meaning of the client's dreams
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interpretation
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therapist attempt to explain the inner significance of the client's thoughts, feelings, memories and behaviours
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transference
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clients unconsciously dart relating to their therapist in ways that mimic critical relationships in their lives
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Client-centered therapy
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insight therapy that emphasizes providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who play a major role in determining the pace and direction of therapy
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Carl Rogers
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most personal distress is due to incongruence between a person's self-concept and reality. The goal of therapy involves helping people restructure their self-concept to correspond better to reality
makes one prone to recurrent anxiety, which triggers defensive behaviour, which fuels more incongruence |
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Genuineness
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therapist being completely honest and spontaneous with the client
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unconditional positive regard
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complete nonjudgemental acceptance of the client as a person
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empathy
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understanding of the clients point of view
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behaviour therapies
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involve the application of learning principles to direct efforts to change clients maladaptive behaviour
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Skinner
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assuming that behaviour is a product of learning and that what is learned can be unlearned
goal: unlearning maladaptive behaviour and learning adaptive ones |
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Joseph Wolpe
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- Reduce phobic clients anxiety response through counterconditioning
- first client builds an anxiety hierarchy - next, client trained in deep muscle relaxation - client tries to work through the hierarchy, learning to remain relaxed while imagining each stimulus - basic idea is that you cannot be anxious and relaxed at the same time |
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Aversion therapy
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aversive stimulus is paired with a stimulus that elicits an undesirable response
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Social skills training
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Designed to improve interpersonal skills that emphasize modelling, behavioural rehearsal and shaping
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Beck's theory
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- Initially focused on the cause of depression, although ti was gradually broadened to explain other disorders
- believes depression is caused my negative thinking increase vulnerability - blame setbacks on personal inadequacies - focus selectively on negative events -make unduly pessimistic projections about future - Draw negative conclusions about personal worth |
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biomedical therapies
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physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders
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psychopharmacotherapy
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treatment of mental disorders with medication
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lithium
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chemical used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar disorder
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electroconvulsive therapy
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biomedical treatment in which electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure accompanied by convulsions
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