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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name the four parts of the blood
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Plasma
RBCs WBCs Platelets |
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Four features of an RBC
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No nucleus = more haemoglobin packed in
Biconcave shape = increases SA Haemoglobin = protein containing iron, allowing carriage of O2 Very Thin cell = O2 not far to diffuse |
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Describe in three steps the transport of CO2
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Diffuses into blood
Carried to lungs in plasma Exrcreted when we breath out |
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What's deoxyhaemoglobin and where is it found?
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Low O2 conc. in blood entering lungs
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What's oxyhaemoglobin and where is it found?
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High O2 conc. in blood leaving lungs going to muscles etc
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How does O2 enter tissues?
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Diffusion
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What happens if we get a cut?
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Bleed for a short amount of time allowing disease causing bacteria to leave
Wound is then clotted to prevent blood loss and entry of more bacteria |
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Do arteries take the blood to or away from the heart?
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AWAY
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Do veins take the blood to or away from the heart?
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TO
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Four features of an artery
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Thick layer of muscles
Thick outer wall Smooth lining Small lumen |
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What sort of pressure are arteries under?
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High due to heart pumping blood into them
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4 features of a vein
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Thin layer of muscles
Thin outer wall Rough lining Large lumen |
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How does blood move through veins?
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Most veins are squashed between muscles
When muscles contract, veins are squashed forcing blood to move. |
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What type of vein/artery are the exception to the general vein/artery groups?
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Pulmonary
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Why are pulmonary arteries/veins different?
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Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood
Pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood |
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What do veins have that arteries don't?
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Pocket valves (one way)
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What happens at the arteriole end of a capillary?
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Hydrostatic pressure is more than osmotic pressure
O2 and nutrients are forced out |
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What happens in the middle of a capillary?
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Two pressures are equal and gases, nutrients and waste products are exchanged,
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What happens at the venule end of a capillary?
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Hydrostatic pressure is less than osmotic pressure and Co2 and waste is taken in from tissure fluid due to high salt content which absorbs liquids
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Label A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J
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A; Pulmonary
B; aorta C; Vena cava D; Left atrium E; Hepatic F; Hepatic portal G; Renal H; Left ventricle I; Right ventricle J; Right atrium |
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Label A-I
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A; aorta
B; Pulmonary artery C; Pulmonary vein D; Mittral/bicuspid valve E; Aortic valve F; Inferior vena cava G; Tricuspid valve H; Pulmonary valve I; Superior vena cava |
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How does the cardiac muscle obtain oxygen and glucose?
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Coronary artery/vein
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Which muscle is thicker in the heart, left side or right side?
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Left because it pumps blood around body
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Which are smaller, atria or ventricles?
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Atria have thinner muscle than ventricles
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What do valves do?
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Prevent backflow
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What happens to heart rate when we exercise?
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Muscles contract more
More energy required Cells respire more |
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What is oxygen debt?
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The oxygen needed to breakdown acid
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What happens when muscles respire anaerobically?
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Lactic acid builds up and muscle cramps form
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