Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is the number of MHC molecules expressed per individual?
|
12:
3 MHC I molecules from mom 3 MHC I molecules from dad 3 MHC II molecules from mom 3 MHC II molecules form dad COdominant expression! |
|
|
How many haplotypes make a genotype?
|
two; it is the total of all linked MHC genes on one copy of Chromosome 6 from one parent
|
|
|
Allograft
|
same species graft
|
|
|
Isograft
|
twins
|
|
|
Autograft
|
same person ( transplant arm to leg hehehe)
|
|
|
Xenograft
|
pig heart to human
|
|
|
What is the most devastating graft rejection?
|
hyperacute, mediated by preformed IgM and IgG
|
|
|
Type of hypersensitivity:
Hyperacute rejection |
cytotoxic type II
complement, ADCC, all activated and DESTRUCTION. |
|
|
What mediates acute and accelerated acute allograft rejection?
|
T-cells
|
|
|
Why is graft vs host considered a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?
|
No Ab plays a role
|
|
|
Time frame of hyperacute rejection?
|
minutes to hours, remember this guy is DEADLY and Ab mediated
|
|
|
What process must be done before transplantation?
|
Check for positive crossmatch of alloantibodies to the donated tissue
|
|
|
Time frame for acute rejection?
|
Type IV, non Ab dependent
occurs weeks to months post transplantation |
|
|
Drug to prevent lymphocyte proliferation in graft?
|
cyclosporine A
|
|
|
Accelerated acute rejection timeframe?
|
days to weeks
|
|
|
Tacrolimus and cyclosporine mechanism
|
inhibition of IL-2 to halt lymphocyte proliferation
|
|
|
Upper limit of tumor size for immunological rejection?
|
1 mm in diameter
|
|
|
Minimum size for tumor detection, clinically?
|
1 cm in diameter
|
|
|
What are the two most effective tumor escape mechanisms
|
loss/alteration of antigens
production of suppressor factors like PGs and TGFbeta |
|
|
What kind of tumors might vaccines target?
|
virus induced tumors because they cause tumor cells to create similar antigens
chemically induced tumors are too random |
|
|
What is an adjuvant
|
non-specific, non immunogenic that aids to enhance immune response
ie slow release, stimulation of APC |
|
|
What is Passive immunity vaccines used for
|
Stuff like patients with low Ig levels and acute toxins RABIES
|
|
|
Vaccine method that uses whole live organisms either dead or inactivated?
|
Activity immunization
|
|
|
Pluronic molecule
|
magic benign charged molecule that is an adjuvant
|
|
|
What kinds of viruses can induce tolerance orally?
|
only LIVE and it will generate poor longterm memory
|
|
|
The only successful mucosal vaccines
|
Polio, typhoid, rotavirus
|
