Transfusions 2

Front 1

destroyed by enzymes (2-2)

Back 1

MNS, Duffy

Anti-Xga, chido and rogers, (variable=Anti-s )

Front 2

Not affected by enzymes (2)

Back 2

kell, lutheran

Front 3

doesn't demonstrate dosage (1-4)

Back 3

lewis

Anti-D, Anti-P1(variable), kell(occ)

Front 4

not well developed at birth (2-3)

Back 4

Lewis, Luthern

Anti-Xga, Anti-P1, chido, rogers

Front 5

enhanced with enzyme (7)

Back 5

ABO, Rh, I, Kidd, Lewis, Anti-P1, Lua

Front 6

Lewis Antibodies

Back 6

IgM, naturally occuring
enhanced by enzymes
readily neutralized by the Le blood group substances

Front 7

Lewis antigens

Back 7

poorly developed at birth
made by tissue cells and secreted into the plasma and adsorbed onto RBC are glycolipids
decrease in expression during pregnacy
present in secretions are glycoprotiens
dont demo dosage

Front 8

Le gene

Back 8

codes for L-fucotransferase
needed for the expression of Lea
Le and Se are needed for Leb

Front 9

MN antigens

Back 9

glycoprotiens
GPA sialoglycoprotein called glycophorin A
well developed at birth

Front 10

Ss antigens

Back 10

glycoproteins
GPB sialoglycoprotein called glycophorin B
well developed at birth
not readily destroyed by enzyme treatment (S is more likely to be destroyed than s)

Front 11

Anti- M lectin
Anti- N lectin

Back 11

iberis amaria
vicia graminea or bauhinia sp.

Front 12

MN antibodies

Back 12

IgM
destroyed by enzymes
exhibit dosage

Front 13

Ss antibodies

Back 13

IgG
destroyed by enzyme (s variable)
exhibit dosage
clinically significant

Front 14

P antigen

Back 14

two different antigens on RBC: P and P1
P1 is poorly developed at birth
P well developed at birth

Front 15

Anti-P1

Back 15

IgM
enhanced by enzymes
doesnt exhibit dosage
clinically insignificant
can be neutralized (by hadatid cyst fluid or pigeon egg whites)
only exclude on pos or strong pos reactions

Front 16

Donath-Landsteiner antibody

Back 16

rare autoanti-P1
potent hemolysin found in serum of patients with PCH (paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria)
IgG

Front 17

Ii antigen

Back 17

i- on all cord bloods, i converts to I
I- on all adult rbcs, varies in strength
soluble glycoprotien found in secretions
glycolipids and glycoproteins on rbc membrane

Front 18

Anti-I

Back 18

doesnt react with i cord cells
harmless autoanti-I
IgM
enhanced by enzyme
clinically insignificant
pathological autoanti-I
present in serum of people wil cold agglutinin disease
IgM, thermal range of 4*-31*
clinically significant

Front 19

Kk antigen

Back 19

well developed at birth
K is strongly immunogenic (2nd to D antigen)
found on RBCs
are antithetical
not affected by enzymes

Front 20

K antibody

Back 20

IgG
not affected by enzymes
occasionally exhibit dosage
clinically significant

Front 21

k antibody

Back 21

very rare
IgG
clinically significant

Front 22

Fya, Fyb antigens

Back 22

well developed at birth
not immunogenic
destroyed by enzymes

Front 23

Fya, Fyb antibodies

Back 23

IgG
destroyed by enzymes
occasionally exhibit dosage
clinically significant

Front 24

kidd antigens

Back 24

well developed at birth
found on red cells only
*found in mixtures
*weak
*shows doasage
**causes delayed transfusion rxns
*decreased antibody titer

Front 25

kidd antibodies

Back 25

IgG
enhanced by enzymes
shows dosage
clinically significant
*able to bind complement

Front 26

lutheran antigens

Back 26

poorly developed at birth
strength decreases in storage
expression varies between individuals

Front 27

strength decreases in storage (2)

Back 27

P1, Lutheran

sometimes Fy

Front 28

expression varies between individuals
(4)

Back 28

I, P1, Lewis, Lutheran

Front 29

Anti-Lua

Back 29

mostly IgM
cold(RT) but can react at 37*/IAT
not affected by enzymes
mostly insignificant

Front 30

Anti-Lub

Back 30

rare antibody
IgG
mostly insignificant

Front 31

ABO(H)MINAPLe (Lu)

Back 31

IgM
all cold bind complement except M&N
all cold are increased by enzyme except M&N
all are clinically insignificant except ABO(H)&I

Front 32

Anti-Sda and Anti-Sdb

Back 32

anti- Sda
high incidence
soluble found in urine and saliva
variable expression
depressed in pregnancy

Anti-Sdb
IgM
not clinically significant
brick red clumps(refractile)
can be neutralized by Sda substance

mf reactions

Front 33

Anti-Xga

Back 33

antigens are not well developed at birth
IgG
destroyed by enzymes
not clinically significant

Front 34

chido and rogers

Back 34

high incidence
CHI 100%
RGI 98%
poorly expressed on cord cells

Antibodies
IgG
destroyed by enzymes
insignificant
*high titre low aviditiy(titre >64 and weak rxns)

Front 35

WBC antigens

Back 35

Bga, Bgb, Bgc
present on RBC
IgG
insignificant
found in ppl that have had multiple pregnancies and transfusions

Front 36

high incidence antigens (4)

Back 36

k,Lub,Jsb, Kpb
99-100%

Front 37

low incidence antigens (4)

Back 37

<10% of population has them
Jsa, K, Lua, Kpa

Front 38

HLA (human leukocyte antigen or histocompatibility leukocyte antigen)

Back 38

found on all nucleated cells
determine major histocompatibility factors (major histocompatibility complex-MHC)(surface antigens that are responsible for the recognition and elimination of foreign tissue)
an entire set of HLA genes are located on one chromosome called a haplotype

Front 39

diseases associated with HLA antigens

Back 39

ankylosing spondylitis, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis

Front 40

HTLA high titre low avidity

Back 40

defined by the characteristic of the ab. ab titer >64 and very weak reactions

Front 41

decreased in pregnancy (2)

Back 41

Lewis and Sd

Front 42

cold allo antibodies (7)

Back 42

ABO, Anti- M, -N, -Lea/b, -P1, Lu

Front 43

cold auto antibodies (4)

Back 43

anti-I, -H, -IH, -P1