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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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True or False
Peripheralization of symptoms is a good sign and the use of traction should be continued. |
False, treatment should be stopped. Centralization of symptoms would indicate continuation of symptoms.
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When using cervical traction, positioning the patient's cervical spine in the neutral position will allow greater separation of the posterior structures including the facet joints and foramina.
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False, positioning the patient's cervical spine in a flexed position would.
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When applying the pelvic belt for lumbar traction, the belt should be positioned inferior to the iliac crest.
True of False |
False, it should be poitioned superior to the iliac crest
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When using lumbar traction, how would you determine the amount of force to be set for treating nerve root compression?
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50% of patient's body weight
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When using lumbar traction when would you release the table to split?
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After 1 cycle; to take up slack in belt and rope during relaxation phase.
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What are the four impairements that you can use US to treat?
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Pain, soft tissue shortening, delayed tissue healing, prolonged inflammation
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What impairments should thermal US be used to treat?
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soft tissue shortening
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What impairments should nonthermal US be used to treat?
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delayed tissue healing, prolonged inflammation
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True or False: 1 MHz frequency penetrates deeper than 3 MHz
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True- 3-5 cm
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What kind of tissues absorb the most US waves?
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Those that have a high collagen content. Liagments, fascia, tendons, bone
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When the goal of treatment is to increase tissue temperatures, what is the minimal therapeutic temperature that must be reached?
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40 degrees C
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When using 1 MHz frequency why is necessary to use higher intensities?
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Higher intensities are needed due to attenuation which occurs as US waves travel through tissue.
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Refraction
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The redirection of a wave at an interface.
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Reflection
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The redirection of an incident beam away from a reflecting surface at an angle equal and opposite to the angle of incidence.
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True or False: When using thermal US the duty cycle should be set at 100%.
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True
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What test needs to be performed prior to performing cervical traction?
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Vertebral Artery test
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According to the chart on page 377, when the goal of treatment is to distract the joint surfaces in the cervical spine, what duty cycle should be used?
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1:1 (15 sec on, 15 sec off)
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Name the contraindications for the use of US?
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Pacemaker, Pregnancy, Malignancy,CNS tissue: especially laminectomy, Joint Cement, Plastic Components,Thrombophlebitis
Eyes,Reproductive organs |
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The application of US in conjuction with a topical drug prepartion as the ultrasound conduction medium is called?
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Phonophresis
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What is the recommended number of phonophresis treatments?
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Drugs that diffuse across the stratum corneum are distrubted throughout the body by vascular circulation, therefore, to avoid adrenal suppression, 6 is the recommended number.
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Name the contraindications for the use of traction?
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If motion is contraindicated, Acute injury or inflammation, Jt hypermobility/unstable jt.
If symptoms perpherialize or worsen, Tumor |
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True or False: US should not be performed over open growth plates?
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True, especially if using greater then 3.0 w/cm
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Which of the following tissues would absorb the greatest amount of US: bone, muscle, tendon, ligament
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Bone
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What are two adverse effects of US?
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Burns and Blood cell stasis (this is why you must move the transducer throughout treatment)
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What are the clinical indications for the use of spinal traction?
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Disc bulge or herniation, Nerve root impingement, joint hypomobility, subacute joint inflammation, paraspinal muscle spasm
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What are the mechanisms by which traction can reduce a disc bulge?
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Clicking” back of disc fragment, Suction due to decreased intradiscal pressure, By tensing PLL thereby pushing any post displaced material anteriorly.
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True or False: an inverse relationship exists between the depth of penetration of US and its frequency.
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True
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True or False, 1 MHz US can penetrate up to 5 inches.
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False, 5 cm
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What parameter of US determines if the treatment is thermal or non-thermal?
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Duty cycle
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What parameter determines the length of treatment of US?
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The relationship of the transducer head to the area being treated. Usually an area that is twice the size of the transducer take 5-10 minutes.
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True or False, higher intensities are needed when using 1 MHz because of reflection.
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False, attenuation
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True or False, US should never be performed over area of the spine that has had a laminectomy because of the possiblity of burning the spinal cord due to cavitation.
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True
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