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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the types of petroleum products?
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crude oil - sweet oil
-rich is low-temperature such as gasoline, kerosene and naphtha sour crude -contains high sulfur, but less low temperature, such as lubricating oil, gas oil Refined petroleum products short chain - methanine, ethane long chaine - gasoline, kerosine Chorinated hydrocarbons - carbon tetrachloride aromatic hydrocarbons - benzene, toluene, xylene |
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What are theuses of petroleum products?
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fuels
solvents lubricant |
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What are the properties of petroleum products?
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both crude oil and refined products are highly irritant to mucous membranes and skin
Chorinated napphthalenes cause bovine skin hyperkeratosis |
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What is the toxicity of petroleum products?
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cattle are the most susceptible
small animals are frequently poisoned with refined petroleum products |
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What is the toxicokinetics of petroleum products?
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readily absorbed from the GI mucosa, intact skin and by inhalation
absorption is inversely proportional to molecular weight aromatic hydrocarbons are more readily absorbed and aliphatic hydrocarons aliphatic hydrocarbons are metabolized in the liver by oxidation |
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What is the mechanism of action of petroleum products?
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aspiration pneumonia
-ingestion leads to vomiting resulting in aspiration pneumonia direct contact causes rapid dissolution of the lipid part of the cell membrane, resulting in swelling, inflammation, edema, bronchoconstricution death is due to anoxemia and possible toxemia from bacteria in the lungs |
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What are the clinical signs associated with petroleum products?
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signs of aspiration pneumonia
shivering, incoordination, anorexia, weight loss, fever, coughing, dyspnea, abnormal lung sounds smell of oil or kerosene may be oil in feces -low temperature oil hydrocarbon distillates and may cause CNS signs |
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What are the lesions associated with petroleum product toxicosis?
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typical of aspiration pneumonia
ulceration in the tracheal mucosa oil may be found in the bronchi or the GI tract aliphatlic hydrocarbons cause degeneration and necrosis in the liver |
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How do you treat petroleum product toxicosis?
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removal of the oil on the body surface by soap and warm water
emetics and gastric lavage are generally contraindicated activated charcoal or mineral oil symptomatic and supportive therapy glucocorticoids are generally contraindicated cage rest |
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What is the prognosis of petroleum product toxicosis?
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depends on the severity
in severe cases prognosis is guarded to poor because of persistence of oil in the lungs |
