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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are low molecular weight substances?
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lipid products (prostaglandins) and biogenic amines (histamines) that are mediators of allergy, inflammation and pain
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What is an example of a peptide?
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neurotoxin
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What does collagenases do?
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disrupts capillary walls allowing RBC, protein, and water to leak
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What animals are included in hymenoptera?
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bees, wasps, and fire ants
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What are treatments of hymenoptera?
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antihistamines, glucocorticoids, sympathomimetics (increase BP and open bronchial tree)
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What neurotoxin do some ticks produce?
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holocyclotoxin, transmitted through saliva to host
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What does holocyclotoxin produced by ticks do?
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decreases Ach release at neuromuscular junction
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What symptoms are seen with holocyclotoxin with ticks?
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acute onset ataxia, limb weakness, difficulty swallowing, generalized paralysis
-MUST remove the tick |
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What are differentials for holocyclotoxin released by ticks?
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botulism and OP-induced delayed neuropathy
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What type of venom is released by Black widows?
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Lactrodectus venom - contains alpha-lactrotoxin, a potent neurotoxin
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What does lactrodectus venom do?
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a potent neurotoxin that affects presynaptic cation channels and releases massive amounts of ACh and NE
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Lactrodectus releases massive amounts of Ach and NE - what does this do?
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leads to sustained muscle spasms (painful) (effect at motor end plates)
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What are symptoms of a black widow bite?
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muscle cramping, abdominal rigidity, restless, tachycardia, salivation, severe pain and vomiting, respiratory collapse (cat)
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What is the treatment for a black widow bite?
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-benzodiazpins for muscle spasms and pain
-opiods and calcium -cats may need antivenom |
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What does the venom of brown recluse have?
What is it responsible for? |
spingomyelinase D
-skin necrosis, intravascular hemolysis, and platelet aggregation |
