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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pesticide Classes |
Insecticides (most toxic) Herbicides Fungicides Rodenticides |
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Satratoxin |
Mycotoxin Produced by Stachybotrys Chartarum Damages lung ells, alveolar macrophages, olfacory epitherlium, brain cells |
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Organochlorines Info/toxicity |
Class: Insecticide Example: DDT More readily absorbed orally than transdermally Acute sxs rats: Motor unrest, hyperirritability, tremors, convulsions |
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Hazardous Air Pollutants |
Anthropogenic origins Originally 188 |
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Hg^0 |
Elemental mercury Of concern in Industry and dental amalgrams Highly volatile High lung absorption |
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Metam-sodium |
Class: Fumigant Active towards insects, fungi, mites, etc |
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Chromium, Toxic effects |
Acute: Highly corrosive to mucous membranes and epithelial surfaces (nasal septum perforatin) Renal toxicity: glomeruli and tubules Chronic: Similar to acute, respiratory tract necrosis, known respiratory carcinogen |
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Hg^0 toxicity |
Elemental mercury Acute: Corrosive bronchitis/interstitial PNA, CNS effects (tremor, excitability) Chronic: Primarily CNS, Tremor, mad hatter syndrome renal damage, gingivitis and increased salivation |
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Mercury and Vaccines |
Mercury used as preservative in some vaccines Removed from US vaccines from '98-'01 Controversy with risk of autism |
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Radon |
Class: air pollutant Radioactive noble gas Odorless, colorless, tasteless Causes Lung Cancer |
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Biomagnification |
Increasing concentration across food chaing |
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Folpet |
Class: Fungicide Low acute toxicity Induce duodenal tumors in mice Probably human carcinogen Structurally similar to thalidomide but not teratogenic |
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Pyrethroid Stereospecificity |
Class: insecticide CIS more toxic than trans b/c interactions with sodium channels are stereospecific |
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1,3 dichloropropene |
Class: Fumigant Active toward insects, fungi, mites, etc. |
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Pyrethroid |
Class: insecticide (-methrin) Developed from natural pyrethrins Very effefctive insecticide Low mammalian toxicity Low environmental persistance Used in agriculture, household products, shampoos, and bed nets |
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Pyrethroid Mechanism of Action |
Class: Insecticide Opens Na channels Decreasing membrane depolarization thresholod Type II: Inhibits GABA |
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GABA |
Gaba is a "Downer" inhibitory neurotransmittor |
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iHg Toxicity |
Inorganic Mercury Acute: GI upset (cramps, bloody diarrhea), renal failure Chronic: preteinurea, renal tubular/glomerular disease |
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OPIDP |
Organophosphate induced delayed polyneuropathy Caused only by some OPs 2-3 weeks after single exposure (parathesias, sensory loss, muscle weakness, ataxia) |
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Carbamate Treatment |
Class: Insecticide Similar to OP but less dangerous Atropine Oximes ineffective Toxicity: similar to SLUDGE |
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Toxicodynamic |
Age related expression of target molecules Differential capacities to recover from or adapt to toxicant insult |
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Kashin-Back disease |
Selenium deficiency Atrophy, degeneration, and nectorsis of cartilage tissue |
