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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aflatoxin
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drought(hot dry, insect damaged)stressed corn
Novasil (aluminosilicate) can be used as part of treatment Poor growth rate, rough hair coat - swine great potential for producing violative residues in milk lesion - hepatic necrosis |
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DON/vomitoxin
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Moderate temps and high humidity during grain formation
taste aversion is a learned response - swine |
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Ergot Alkaloids
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Agalactia, hyperthermia. later term abortions - cows
Dry gangrene and sloughing of both rear feet - calves |
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Fumonisin
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Lethargy, blindness, afebrile, progressive ataxia, anorexia, maybe short period of mania, death within days - horses
Leukoencephalomalacia (liquifactive necrosis of white matter around lateral ventricles) found in yellow or white corn |
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Gossypol
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reduced volume and quality of sperm in bulls, rams, and male dogs
Myocardial necrosis |
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Monensin
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most sensitive - horse
Myocardial necrosis - horse skeletal muscle necrosis - sheep uneasy, reluctant to eat, abdominal pain, profuse sweating, progressive ataxia (posterior) to recumbency and death over 2 days- horse |
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Lasalocid
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alters intracellular sodium and calcium ions to produce myocyte necrosis
No significant lesions rapidly ascending flaccid paralysis - dogs young calves are highly susceptible |
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Nitrate
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Methemoglobinemia (chocolate brown blood) - cows
very slow, have trouble getting up, weakness, shallow labored breathing, acute death dirty tan/light brown tinge to mucous membranes antidote - methylene blue diagnostic samples - eye and forage abortions may occur poultry - not susceptible |
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Organic arsenical feed additives
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ataxia progressing to posterior paresis over a couple days time while remaining mentally alert and afebrile and normal appetite- swine
Demyelination of peripheral nerves |
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Salt poisoning/water deprivation
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diagnostic sample - ocular fluid (dog)
diagnostic sample - histopath of cerebrum (swine) jerking, blindness, paddling, dog-sitting, head jerking, death - swine lesion - eosinophilic meningoencephalitis - swine |
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Slaframine
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Excessive salivation - horse
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Sulfate/sulfur
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Polioencephalomalacia - cattle
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Urea/NPN
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Renal tubular necrosis - steer
Staggering, slightly bloated, excessive urination, some salivation, and/or acute death diagnostic samples - rumen contents, serum |
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Zearalenone
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Prolonged return to estrus - mature sows
swollen red vulva and signs of estrus - immature sows |
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Manure gas that is asphyxiant but not toxic
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methane
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Abortion in pigs with no maternal signs
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Carbon monoxide
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Cardiac dilatation and hydrothorax in pigs
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fumonisin or gossypol
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Corneal ulcers and opacity, nasal and tracheal hemorrhage and necrosis
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ammonia (NH3)
anhydrous ammonia |
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Most toxic gas released by agitation of manure slurry stored in pits
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hydrogen sulfide
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Protein Equivalent from urea (conversion factor)
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2.81
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