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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dimethyl Mercury |
Lipophillic, small, can undergo passive diffusion, linear |
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Lead |
Acts like calcium Positive charge Enters nerve cells via active transport |
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Arsenic |
Acts as phosphate |
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Aluminum |
Mining waste Forms aluminum sulfate Causes blue hair, join pains, short term memory loss |
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Arsenic |
Similar to phosphate Binds to G3P, protects glycolysis Methylatation by bacteria prevents this, makes it soluble to be excreted |
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Cadmium |
Found in cigarettes Half life of 20-35 years Effects kidney and lungs Similar to calcium Acts as estrogen, higher affinity **Itai-itai disease |
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Chromium |
Cr (vI) is more toxic Found in multigemerational cancer Mice test to determine that cadmium was in sperm cell membrane |
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Copper |
Used to control algal growth Found in cytochrome c in ETC Toxic at high concentrations, will replace zinc |
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Lead |
Acts like calcium Causes anemia Cannot be ingested at all |
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Manganese |
Essential metal Toxic at high levels Causes Parkinson's Nutrient for superoxide dismutase Actively transported into cell |
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Tributyl Tin |
Antifouling paint Affects mollusks |
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Tetraethyl lead |
Antiknocking agent in gasoline Research in wine Neurotoxin |
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Nickel |
Used in batteries, stainless steel, nickel plating Toxic and carcenogenic at high concentrations Required for CO2 fixation in bacteria |
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Selenium |
Behaves like arsenic Non metal, essential element Found in electronics, glass, pigments Minerals deposited into valley, caused thinning of egg shells in migratory fowl |
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Zinc |
Essential metal Zinc finger proteins Used to protect from corrosion Toxic at high levels |
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CO2 |
Reacts with water to form carbonic acid, bicarbonate, and carbonate which decrease pH of ocean |
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NO2 |
Reacts with water to form nitric acid, nitrous acid, and nitric oxide |
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SO2 |
Sulfur reacts with water to form sulfuric acid |
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Nitrate |
Reduces affinity for oxygen and hemoglobin |
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Phosphate |
Causes algal blooms |
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Sulfate |
Bacteria in caves metabolize sulfide into sulfate, creating negative pH, causing corrosion of rocks |
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Poly aromatic hydrocarbons (benzopyrene) |
From diesel soot and incomplete combustion Can form epoxides - damage DNA Can be activated by enzymes Benzopyrene - will enter lipid layer Enzymes attempt to hydrolyze it, but bond angle of oxygen is too low and it has a positive charge |
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Pentachlorophenol |
Stabilize oxygen, makes molecule more acidic pH changes from 4.7 to 10 Decouples ETC |
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Polychlorinated biphenyls |
Similar structure to estrogen steroid compunds Effects endocrine system |
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Chlorinated furan and dioxin |
Endocrine disruptors Shape is important Interacts with estrogen receptor |
