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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arum Family (Chinese Evergreen, Dumcane, Philodendron)
Aralia Family (Umbrella Tree) Fishtail Palm |
Insoluble Oxalates
(Penetrate oral mucosa, tongue, and throat, causing irritiation) Dumcne produces proteolytic enzymes that cause histamine release (increase mechanical damage) |
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Pigweed
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1)Soluble Oxalate
(hypocalcemia, kidney damage) 2)Nitrate (methemoglobin, abortion) 3) Unknown (renal failure in live stock) |
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Greasewood
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Soluble Oxalate
(hypocalcemia, kidney damage) |
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Ponderosa Pine
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Isocupressic Acid
(Abortion) |
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St. John's Wort
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Quinone
(Primary Photosensitization) |
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Oak Tree
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Tannic Acid
(GI and kidney in cow, GI in monogastrics) |
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Lantana Camara
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Triterpene Acid
(Hepatogenic Photosensitization; horses resistant) |
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Autumn Crocus
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Colchicine
(Antimitotic) |
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Larkspur
(Buttercup) |
Hypoglycemia
Diterpene Alkaloid (Competitive blockade of nicotenic receptors, similar to curare) Antidote = Physostigmine |
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Monkshood
(Buttercup) |
Cardiotoxic
Diterpene Alkaloid (Competitive blockade of nicotenic receptors, similar to curare) Antidote = Physostigmine |
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Ergot
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Ergot Alkaloid
(Vasoconstriction, gangrene, abortion) |
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Locoweed
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1)Indolizine Alkaloids
2) Selenium |
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Milkvich
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1)Indolizine Alkaloids
2) Nitropropranol Glycoside (decreased resp. and CNS in ruminants by inhibiting Kreb's cycle) 3) Selenium |
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Amaryllis (Lilies)
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Lycorine (Emetic and purgative; Bulb is most toxic)
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Nightshade (Tobaco)
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1) Piperdine/Pyridine Alkaloids (Nicotenic effects) 2) Solaline/Solanidien (GI, CNS, Resp., Cardiac)
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Rattlebox
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Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid (Liver Damage)
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Japanese Yew
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Taxine Alkaloid (Cardiotoxic)
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Jimsonweed, Thornapple, Angel's Trumpet
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Tropane Alkaloids (Atropine effects); treat with Physostigmine
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Cocao, Coffee
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Xanthine Alkaloids (Block adenosine receptors, inhibiting phosphodiesterase)
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Coffee Weed (seeds)
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Anthraquinone Glycosides(Purgative; unknown principle causes skeletal and cardiac muscle degeneration; urine has black flecks)
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Day-Blooming Jasmine
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Calcinogenic Glycoside (Hypercalcemia; deposits injoints and tendons, causing lameness)
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Cocklebur
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Carboxyatractyloside (hepatogenic Photosensitization)
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Oleander
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Cardiac glycoside (cardiotoxic by inhibiting Na-K-ATPase)
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Sweet Clover
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Coumarin Glycosides (inhibit factors 2, 7, 9, and 10; bleeding; treat with K-1)
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Wild Cherries
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Cyanogenic Glycosides
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Sago Palm
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Cyasin (3 toxins: Glycoside[Gi, liver damage, teratogenic, carcinogenic], BMAA [neurotoxin], and unknown [axonal degeneration in CNS]); dogs show GI and liver signs, cows show neuronal signs
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Rape Seed
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Glucosinolate/Thiocyanate (Antithyroid)
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Alfalfa
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1)Phytoestrogens (feminization in males, abortion in females)
2)Titerlenoid Saponins (GI) |
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Buttercup Family
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Protoanemonin (GI and skin irritation)
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Braken Fern
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1) Ptaquiloside (Aplastic anemia and Enzootic Bovine Hematuria in Cows; Neurotoxic in monogastrics) 2) Thiaminase (neurotoxic in monogastrics)
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Agave
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Steroidal Saponins (hepatogenic photosensitization)
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Cottonseed
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Gossypol (Cardiotoxic, secondary liver damage, damage to seminiferous tubules)
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Clovers
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Copper (hemolytic crisis, liver damage, methemoglobin)
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Mustards
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Dimethyl Disulfide (Heinz body/Hemolytic anemia)
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Manchineel (green apple scent)
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Diterpene esters (severe GI irritation)
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Rhododendron
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Grayanotoxins (Bind to Na channels, causing hyperexcitability)
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Castor Bean
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Lectins (inhibit cell protein synthesis, causing tissue damage)
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Precatory Bean
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Lectins (inhibit cell protein synthesis, causing tissue damage)
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Chinaberry
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Meliatoxins (GI and neurotoxic)
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Onion, Garlic, Chives
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Propyl Disulfide (Heinz body/Hemolytic anemia)
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Horsebrush
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Tetradymol (Hepatogenic photosensitization, increase microsomal enzymes)
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Horsetail
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Thiaminase (neurotoxic in monogastrics)
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Holly
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Titerlenoid Saponins (GI)
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Milkweed
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Resins (Nervous or muscle tissue irritation)
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Marijuana
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Resins (Nervous or muscle tissue irritation)
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Red Clover
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1)Hepatogenic Photosensitization in horses only 2)Forage-Induced Photosensitization
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Avocado
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Cardiotoxicity (Goats, Rabbits, Horses, Caged Birds) and Mastitis and Agalactia (Goats, Rabbits, Horses, Cows)
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Black Walnut
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Laminitis when used in bedding
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Moldy Alfalfa
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Forage-Induced Photosensitization
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Molyd Wheat
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Forage-Induced Photosensitization
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Grapes and raisins
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Renal failure
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Easter lily
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Acute renal failure in cats only
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Red Maple
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Hemolytic anemia in horses only
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Yellow Starthisle
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Equine Nigropallidal Encephalomalacia (ENE) or Chewing Disease in horses
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Russian Knapweed
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Equine Nigropallidal Encephalomalacia (ENE) or Chewing Disease in horses
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