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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Main group elements
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Elements in Group 1, 2, 13-18
The electronic configuration of each element are regular and consistent. Also called representative elements because they have wide range of properties. Solids/liquids/gases ( at room temp.) Most are metals Most are extremely reactive. Silicon & Oxygen are most commonly found on Earth. |
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Four groups within the main-group elements have special names. These groups are:
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alkali metals (Group 1)
alkaline-earth metals (Group 2) halogens (Group 17) noble gases (Group 18) |
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alkali metals (Group 1)
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-React with water to form Alkaline solutions.
-Contain 1 V.E ( Valence Electron) -Highly reactive ,usually stored in oil. -Never found in pure form because of high reactivity. -Very soft and can be cut with knife. -Cut surface is shiny . -Good conductors of electricity. |
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alkaline-earth metals (Group 2)
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-Highly reactive
-Usually found as compounds -Have 2 VE -Harder than group 1 elements -High m.p |
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Halogens- Group 17
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-Non metals
-Highly reactive -7 V.E -React with metals to produce salts. -Metal+ Halogen = Salt -Na + Cl = NaCl -Can be solids/ liquids or gases at room temperature. -Fluorine & chlorine = gases -Bromine = liquid -Iodine & Astatine = solid |
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-unreactive
-were called inert gases |
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Hydrogen- a class by itself
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-Contains 1 proton, 1 electron, 0 neutrons
-Behaves unlike any element -Reacts with many elements. H2 + O2 H2O ( Explosive reaction ) -Is a major component of -all living things -Ammonia ( Used as fertilizers) |
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Properties of metals
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-Good conductors of electricity & heat.
-Some metals are brittle, malleable and ductile. |
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Melting Point (m.p)
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Tungsten has the highest m.p
Mercury has low m.p |
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Alloys
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