Tori D 's Ecology Test Flash Cards

Front 1

abiotic vs biotic

Back 1

abiotic= nonliving

biotic= living

Front 2

predator vs prey

Back 2

predators hunt and feed on other organisms(prey)

Front 3

parasites vs host

Back 3

parasites occupy or feed on another organism(host)

the host organism is always harmed by the parasite

Front 4

autotroph vs heterotroph

Back 4

autotroph= producers, organisms make their own food

hetertroph= consumers, get nutrients by eating other organisms

Front 5

mutualism

Back 5

both organisms benefit

Front 6

commensalism

Back 6

one organism benefits, the other is not affected

Front 7

parasitism

Back 7

the parasite is benefiting by harming the host organism

Front 8

species

Back 8

a group of the same organisms that interbreed

Front 9

population

Back 9

all the individuals in a species in a certain area

Front 10

community

Back 10

all the populations that are present in an area

Front 11

ecosystem

Back 11

all the biotic and abiotic components of a specific environment

Front 12

how are the movements of energy and nutrients through ecosystems different?

Back 12

nutrients are constantly recycled and energy is transferred up trophic levels and is lost in the form of heat

Front 13

herbivores

Back 13

only eat producers (plants)

Front 14

omnivores

Back 14

eat both plants and animals

Front 15

carnivores

Back 15

eat other animals (meat eaters)

Front 16

describe 3 models of energy transfer through ecosystems

Back 16

food chain, food web, energy pyramid

Front 17

how is a food chain different from a food web?

Back 17

food chain shows a single organism at each trophic level and a food web shows all the interacting food chains

Front 18

photosynthesis

Back 18

used by plants and algae uses sunlight water and carbon dioxide

Front 19

chemosynthesis

Back 19

performed by bacteria in hydrothermal vent communities uses sulfur water and carbon dioxide

Front 20

chemosynthesis and photosynthesis

Back 20

both produce staeches /sugars and release oxygen `

Front 21

how can two similar species occupy the same habitat without competing with each other

Back 21

they live in the same habitat but have different niches

Front 22

tundra

Back 22

abiotic- snow, permafrost

biotic-small shrubs, artic wolf

Front 23

taiga

Back 23

abiotic-rocks, snow, rain, colder temp.)

biotic- cone-bearing trees, moose

Front 24

temperate decidous forest

Back 24

abiotic-sunlight, high precipitation

biotic- decidous trees, squirrels, deer,bear

Front 25

chaparral

Back 25

abiotic- warm coastal climate, sand

biotic- shrubs, jack rabbit, mule deer

Front 26

desert

Back 26

abiotic- sand,dry climate

biotic- birds, snakes,cacti,lizards, kangaroo rats

Front 27

grassland

Back 27

abiotic-fertile soil, wind, varibility rainfall

biotic- wheat, grass,corn, prairie dogd,bison

Front 28

savanna

Back 28

abiotic-sunlight,precipitation, dry/wet seasons

biotic- lions, zebras, grass

Front 29

tropical rainforest

Back 29

abiotic- high rainfall, sunlight, warm/humid climate

biotic- monkeys, spiders,frogs, broad-leafed trees

Front 30

basic food supply

Back 30

important to ecosystems bc its a means to transferring energy

Front 31

trophic levels

Back 31

each step in a food chain

Front 32

decomposers

Back 32

recycle and return nutrients to the environment

Front 33

detritivores

Back 33

known as scavengers, they eat dead animals

Front 34

photosynthesis

Back 34

the process of converting light energy into chemical energy it also changes carbon from an inorganic form to an organic one

Front 35

succession

Back 35

the gradual change of one community replaced by another community

Front 36

primary succession

Back 36

begins on bare rock like after a volcanic eruption

Front 37

estuaries

Back 37

salinity changes with the tides

Front 38

biodiversity

Back 38

lots of different plants and animals

Front 39

cows

Back 39

_____ release methane which causes global warming

Front 40

herbivores (like cows)

Back 40

get their nitrogen by eating plants

Front 41

carnivores

Back 41

get nitrogen by eatingherbivores

Front 42

atmospheric nitrogen

Back 42

has to be fixed by bacteria in the nodules of a plant to form nitrates

Front 43

food chains

Back 43

have one animal in each trophic level

Front 44

food web

Back 44

are much more complex bc many consumers are adapted to use more than one food source

Front 45

plants and autotrophs

Back 45

at the base of an energy pyramid bc they have the greatest amount of energy

Front 46

ecosystem

Back 46

if you are studying how an abiotic factor influences a biotcs factor

Front 47

populations and communities

Back 47

made up of biotic factors

Front 48

primary consumers

Back 48

eat plants (energy pyramid)

Front 49

farmers

Back 49

__ rotate crops because not having enough nutrients in the soil will limit a plants growth

Front 50

chemosynthetic bacteria

Back 50

do not require sunlight to live