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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the adverse effects of Idoxuridine (Stoxil)?
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- resistance development
- stenosis of puncta - hyperemia - punctate keratitis |
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What is the mechanism of action of Idoxuridine (Stoxil)?
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Inhibits synthesis of DNA
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What are the adverse effects of Vidarabine (Vira-A)?
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- GI toxicity
- painful peripheral neuropathy (with chronic use) - teratogenic/onocogenic - infusion related phlebitis - weakness - hypokalemia - rash - elevated transaminases - anemia & other blood disorders |
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________ increases the toxicity of which topical anti-viral medication?
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Allopurinol
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What is a possible adverse effect of chronic use of Vidarabine (Vira-A)?
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painful peripheral neuropathy
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Trifluridine(Viroptic) is effective against which types of viruses?
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- HSV 1 and 2
- CMV - Vaccinia - certain adenoviruses |
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What is the mechanism of action of Trifluridine MONOPHOSPHATE?
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inhibits thymidylate synthetase
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What is the mechanism of action of Trifluridine TRIPHOSPHATE?
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inhibits thymidine triphosphate
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What are the indications for Trifluridine (Viroptic)?
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primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HSV 1 and 2
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Which topical anti-viral is more active than Idoxuridine (Stoxil)?
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Trifluridine (Viroptic)
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What are the adverse effects of Trifluridine (Viroptic)?
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- resistance
- palpebral edema - hypersensitivity - keratopathy - irritation and burning |
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What are the systemic anti-viral agents?
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Acyclovir (Zovirax)
Valacyclovir Penciclovir Famciclovir |
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What are the indications for treatment with Acyclovir (Zovirax)?
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HSV 1 and 2
Herpetic lesions of the cornea Genital Herpes Herpes Labialis HZO (Varicella Zoster) |
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Acyclovir is a ______ derivative.
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Purine
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What is the mechanism of action for Acyclovir?
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Inhibits replication of viral DNA by:
1) inhibiting DNA polymerase 2) preventing elongation 3) competing with thymidine |
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What are the dosages available for Acyclovir?
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200 mg
400 mg 800 mg |
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Which systemic anti-viral is a pro-drug of acyclovir?
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Valacyclovir
*has better bioavailability than Acyclovir |
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Valacyclovir is indicated for the treatment of which viruses?
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HZO (Varicella Zoster)
Herpes genitalis Herpes labialis |
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What is the mechanism of action for Valacyclovir?
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Inhibits replication of viral DNA by:
1) inhibiting DNA polymerase 2) preventing DNA elongation |
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What are the available dosages for Valacyclovir?
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500 mg
1000 mg |
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Penciclovir is considered a ______ derivative and, therefore, a ______ analog.
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GUANINE derivative
PURINE analog |
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Penciclovir has ____ bioavailability when administered orally.
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poor
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Penciclovir is effective against which viruses?
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HSV 1 and 2
Varicella Zoster Ebola |
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Penciclovir is available in what forms?
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1% topical cream
IV |
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What are the topical anti-viral medications?
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Idoxuridine (Stoxil)
Vidarabine (Vira-A) Trifluridine/Trifluorothymidine (Viroptic) |
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Which anti-viral medication is a pro-drug of Penciclovir?
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Famciclovir
*improved oral bioavailability |
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Famciclovir is converted to Penciclovir in the _____.
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liver
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What is the mechanism of action for Famciclovir?
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Inhibits DNA replication by inhibiting DNA polymerase
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The 1/2 life of Penciclovir is the longest for which virus?
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HSV-2
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The 1/2 life of Penciclovir is the shortest for which virus?
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Varicella Zoster
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Penciclovir is MOST effective against which virus?
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HSV-1
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Penciclovir is LEAST effective against which virus?
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Varicella Zoster
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What are the dosages available for Famciclovir?
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125 mg
250 mg 500 mg |
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Famciclovir treatment must be initiated within ___ hours of the appearance of lesions and symptoms to be efficacious.
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six
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Famciclovir should be used with caution when treating patients with _________.
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decreased renal function
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