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13 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sold renal mass
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RCC
Oncocytoma -central scar -spokek-wheel pattern on angio AML -assoc with tuberous sclerosis if multiple |
TCC
Lymphoma -mutiple bilateral hypodense |
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Multiple bilateral renal lesions/masses
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Lymphoma
Renal infection -early abscess may mimic sold renal masses -immunosuppressed at risk for multifocal renal involvement RCC -increased risk in VHL -increased risk with acquired cystic renal disease of dialsysis |
AML
- multiple seen in tuberous sclerosis Mets -uncommon |
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Cystic renal mass
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Complex renal cyst
Cystic neoplasm -adult: RCC (20%) -child: Wilms -both invade renal vein/IVC Multilocular cystic nephroma -rare, benign -cannot distinguish from malignant process -complex cystic mass with enhancing septations that extends into renal pelvis -bimodal age distribuation (young boys, middle-aged women) -Bosniak class II or IV necessitates resection |
Multicysstic dysplastic kidney (MCDK)
-usually affects entire kidney -failure of the ureteral bud to induce maturation into nephrons |
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Cortical nephrocalcinosis
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Acute renal cortical necrosis
-most common cause -from severe acute hypotension or drug toxicity Chronic glomerulonephritis -second most common cause -usually renal atrophy Oxalosis -primary: rare and fatal early -secondary: related to altered bile acid metabolis from rection or chronic disease of the small bowel, Chrohn's -may cause renal stoned, medullary nephrocalcinosis, or, less commonly, cortical nephrocalcinosis |
Chronic transplant rejection
-need transplant kidney Alport syndrome -rare syndrome of hereditary nerve deafness and nephritis |
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Medullary Nephrocalcinosis
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Hypercalcemia
bilateral, symmetric -hyperthyroidism, paraneoplastic syndromes, sarcoidosis Medullary Sponge Kidney -idiopathic ectasia of renal tubules, resulting in urinary stasis and stone formation -IVP - "growing calculus" sign secondary to contrast filling the dilated tubules around the stones -IVP "paintbrush appearance of medullary pyramids -associated with hemihypertrophy syndromes Renal tubular acidosis -Type 1 or distal RTA -results in urolithiasis as well as MN -hypercalciuria |
Papillary necrosis
-rarely results in MN -most commonly when assoc w analgesic nephropathy from NSAIDS -"lobster claw" and "ball on a tee" configuration of the renal pyramids on IVP -assoc w medullaryr sponge kiney Furosemid -chronic use of diuretics in newborns TB |
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Striated nephrogram
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Pyelonephritis
Obstruction RVT -caused by nephrotic syndrome -dehydration and sepsis in children |
Renal Contusion
Hypotension |
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Papillary necrosis
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Diabetes
Analgesic nephropathy Pyelonephritis (TB) Sickle cell anemia Urinary obstruction RVT |
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Staghorn calculus
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Xanthrogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP)
-chornic renal infection with replacement by macrophages -Proteus and E. coli -nephrectomy Pyonephrosis with obstructing stone Calcified neoplasm - 10% of RCC calcifies -2% of TCC calcifies |
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Renal pelvic mass
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TCC
-90% occur in bladder Multilocular cystic nephroma -benign -herniates into renal pelvis -capsule with internal septa -young boys and middle aged-owmen -Bosniak III of IV Medullary carcinoma -aggressive -African American with sickle cell trait |
RCC
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Medial deviation of the ureters
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Retroperitoneal fibrosis
-idiopathic (Ormond disease) -secondary to migraine therapy -assoc with mediastinitis and sclerosing cholangitis Psoas msucle hypertrophy Pelvic lipomatosis -unencapsulated fat in the pelvis -middle-aged AA men -assoc. with cystitis glandularis |
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Ureteral filing defects
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TCC
-if in the upper ruinary tract, risk of developing in bladder is 20-40% Radiolucent calculi -Uric acid and xanthing in pts with malignancy on chemo -Matrix and indinavir Pyeloureteritis cystica -chronic urinary tract infection resulting in urothelial metaplasia Blood clot Fungus ball (Candida) Mets -breast, melanoma |
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Renal migration anomaly
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Horseshoe kidney
-increased incidence in Turner's Cross-fused ectopia -usually left kidney crosses midline and fuses with the inferior pole of the right kidney -ureters insert normally on the bladder Ectopic kidney -typically a pelvic kidney |
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Bladder filling defect
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TCC
Fungus ball -Candida most common Blood clot Pearls: Adenoca occurs within urachal remnant SCC occurs with chornic inflammation |
Radiolucent calculi
Extrnisic compression |
