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127 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Breath Right Strips
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SNORE AID
DOSAGE: nasal strips ; MOA: open nasal passage ; INDICATIONS: snoring and congestion ; ADRs: Rash, skin irritation |
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Lactaid (lactose)
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LACTOSE INTOLERANCE
DOSAGE: oral caplets (tablet, chewable) - 3 caps upon consumption of dairy MOA: enzyme in hydrolysis of disaccharide lactose into constituent galactose and glucose monomers INDICATIONS: lactose intolerance (gas, cramps, bloating, diarrhea) |
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Imodium AD (loperimide)
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ANTIDIARRHEAL
DOSAGE: 2mg tablet (MAX-16mg/day MOA: slows intestinal motility and inhibits fluid and electrolyte secretion INDICATIONS: diarrhea ADRs: abdominal pain, constipation COUNSEL: do not use if diarrhea is black/bloody |
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Cold-EEZE (zinc)
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SUPPLEMENT
DOSAGE: lozenges (dissolve in the mouth) MOA: +ions that bind to neg. charged rhinovirus, prevents replication INDICATIONS: common cold ADRs: temp change in taste buds, mild stomach upset |
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Ocuvite (Lutein)
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SUPPLEMENT
DOSAGE: oral tablets (2mg & 6mg lutein) qd or bid MOA: powerful antioxidant, protects against UV damage by filtering blue light INDICATIONS: eye care |
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AZO Cranberry (cranberry, probiotic lactobacillus, vit c)
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UTI PREVENTION
DOSAGE: oral tablets (2tabs w/ H2O, max 6tabs/day) MOA: blocks the attachment of bacteria to the bladder wall INDICATIONS: urinary tract infections ADRs: diarrhea, GI symptoms |
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Bactroban (mupirocin)
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WOUND CARE
DOSAGE: ointment (clean area, coat and cover) MOA: inhibits protein synthesis INDICATIONS: impetigo, skin lesions, dermatitis ADRs: burning, stinging, pain, itching |
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Neosporin (neomycin)
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WOUND CARE
DOSAGE: ointment (clean area, coat and cover) MOA: inhibits protein synthesis, good against gram neg bacilli INDICATIONS: antibiotic and pain reliever for minor cuts, scrapes, burns ADRs: itching, swelling, local irritation |
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Bacitracin
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WOUND CARE
DOSAGE: ointment (clean area, coat and cover) MOA: antibacterial against staph infections INDICATIONS: antibiotic & pain reliever for minor cuts, scrapes, burns |
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Polymyxin B
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WOUND CARE
DOSAGE: ointment (clean area, coat and cover) MOA: increases bacterial cell membrane permeability INDICATIONS: antibiotic & pain reliever for minor cuts, scrapes, burns |
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Monistat (miconazole)
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ANTIFUNGAL
DOSAGE: Cream(2%), Suppositories(100mg) MOA: inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol, damages fungal cell wall & alters permeability INDICATIONS: vaginal yeast infections ADRs: stomach and vaginal discomfort COUNSEL: avoid other vaginal products |
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Abreva (docosanol)
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COLD SORES
DOSAGE: topical cream 10% MOA: reduces viral replication & inhibits fusion of plasma membrane and HSV envelope INDICATIONS: oral herpes or cold sores ADRs: application site reaction, headache COUNSEL: for herpetic lesions on lips and face only |
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Baby Orajel (benzocaine 7.5%)
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TEETHING PRODUCT
DOSAGE: oral gel, liquid, swabs MOA: local anesthetic decreases Na ion permeability thru reversible stabilization of neuronal membrane INDICATIONS: teething pain for babies ADRs: swelling, fever, rash, mouth irritation COUNSEL: wash hands before use |
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NIX (permethrin)
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LICE TREATMENT
DOSAGE: topical liquid 1% MOA: acts on nerve cell membrane of louse to disrupt Na channel current that regulates polarization, leads to paralysis INDICATION: head lice, scabies ADRs: pruritus, burning, stinging COUNSEL: avoid mucous membranes |
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Afrin (oxymetazoline)
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DECONGESTANT
DOSAGE: nasal spray 0.05% (no more than 3 days) MOA: constricts blood vessels in nose/sinuses leads to drainage INDICATIONS: nasal congestion COUNSEL: avoid MAO inhibitors or CNS depressants |
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Mederma
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SCAR TREATMENT
DOSAGE: topical gel (20 & 50g tube) - tid x8w MOA: improve color, texture and over appearance of old and new scars INDICATION: scar treatment ADRs: itching, burning, discoloration |
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Sensodyne (potassium Nitrate 5% - antihypersensitivity or sodium fluoride 0.13% - anticavity)
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TOOTHPASTE
DOSAGE: paste MOA: desensitizes nerve endings within tubules found in dentin, makes them less responsive to hot, cold, etc INDICATIONS: tooth sensitivity COUNSEL: do not swallow |
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Mucinex (guaifenesin)
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EXPECTORANT
DOSAGE: tablet er (600, 1200mg) MOA: increase volume and reduces viscosity of secretions INDICATIONS: abnormal sputum production ADRs: n/v COUNSEL: take w/ full glass of water |
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Debrox (carbamide peroxide)
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EAR WAX REMOVAL
DOSAGE: otic soln 6.5% - 5-10gtts bid MOA: releases oxygen, softens and loosens wax INDICATIONS: removal of ear wax |
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Colace (docusate sodium)
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STOOL SOFTENER
DOSAGE: capsule(50mg, 100mg), liquid(150mg/15ml, 100mg/10ml) MOA: draws water into stool INDICATION: constipation ADRs: bitter taste, diarrhea, nausea, cramps COUNSEL: works in 12-72hrs, drink water |
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Miralax (polyethylene glycol)
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LAXATIVE
DOSAGE: powder for soln (17gm/dose) MOA: causes retention of water in stool INDICATION: constipation ADRs: diarrhea, flatulence, nausea, stomach cramps |
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Lamisil AT (terbinafine)
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ANTIFUNGAL
DOSAGE: topical spray(1%), topical cream(1%) MOA: inhibits biosynthesis of ergosterol in fungal cell membrane INDICATION: fungal infection, athletes foot ADRs: stinging, burning, dryness |
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Maalox (calcium carbonate)
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ANTACIDS
MOA: absorbed in GI tract via passive diffusion INDICATION: acid indigestion, heartburn, upset stomach ADRs: GI irritation |
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Mylanta (aluminum hydroxide & magnesium hydroxide)
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ANTACIDS
MOA: increase lower esophageal sphincter tone, neutralize gastric acid INDICATION; uncomplicated peptic ulcer, gastric hyperacidity ADRs: constipation |
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Benadryl (diphenhydramine)
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ANTIHISTAMINE - 1st generation
DOSAGE: iv(50mg/ml), caps(25mg), tablet(25mg) MOA: competes with histamine for H1 receptor INDICATION: allergic rhinitis, common cold ADRs: drowsiness(used in sleep aids) |
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Allegra (fexofenadine)
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ANTIHISTAMINE - 2nd generation
DOSAGE: caps(60mg), Susp(30mg/5ml), tab(30,60,180mg) MOA: inhibits release of histamine from mast cells and antagonizes H1 receptor INDICATION: seasonal allergic rhinitis ADRs: dyspepsia, dizziness, headache, drowsy, fatigue COUNSEL: do not take with fruit juices |
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Zyrtec (cetirizine)
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ANTIHISTAMINE - 2nd generation
DOSAGE: syrup(1mg/ml), tab(5,10mg), chew(5,10mg) MOA: inhibits H1 receptors INDICATION: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis ADRs: dry mouth, headache, drowsiness, fatigue |
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Clarinex (desloratadine)
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ANTIHISTAMINE - 2nd generation
DOSAGE: syrup(0.5mg/ml), tab(5mg) MOA: tricyclic histamine antagonist w/ H1 receptor antagonist activity INDICATION: perennial & season allergic rhinitis ADRs: dry mouth, muscle weakness, drowsiness, fatigue, flu-like |
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Patanol (olopatadine)
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ANTIHISTAMINE - OCULAR
DOSAGE: eye drop(0.1%) MOA: H1 antagonist, inhibits release of histamine INDICATIONS: allergic conjuctivitis ADRs: altered taste, headache, burning in eye |
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Promethazine
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ANTIEMETIC/ANTIVERTIGO
DOSAGE: tab(25mg) MOA: blocks H1 receptors w/out blocking secretion of histamine INDICATION: motion sickness, vertigo, N/V ADRs: unstable BP, dizziness, sweating COUNSEL: avoid excessive sunlight, MAOIs |
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Antivert (meclizine)
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ANTIEMETIC/ANTIVERTIGO
DOSAGE: tab(25,50mg) MOA: suppresses vasodepressor response to histamine & only slightly inhibit ACh INDICATION: motion sickness, vertigo, radiation-induced n/v ADRs: sedation, dry mouth COUNSEL: take 1 hour before travel |
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Allegra D (fexofenadine/PSE)
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ANTIHISTAMINE/DECONGESTANT COMBO
DOSAGE: tab er(60mg/120mg) MOA: fex-inhibits release of histamine, pse-decongestant on nasal mucosa INDICATION: seasonal allergic rhinitis ADRs: palpitations, abdominal pain, nausea, headache, insomnia |
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Nasonex (mometasone)
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INTRANASAL STEROID
DOSAGE: nasal spray(0.05mg/actuation--17g 120metered doses) MOA: antiinflammatory, antipruritic, vasoconstrictor--inhibit release of arachidonic acid, inhibit phospholipase A2 INDICATION: Allergic rhinitis ADRs: dyspepsia, back pain, headache, pharyngitis |
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Nasacort AQ (triamcinolone)
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INTRANASAL STEROID
DOSAGE: nasal spray(55mcg/actuation--16.5g bottle) MOA: antiinflammatory, antipruritic--changes body's immune responses INDICATION: allergic rhinitis COUNSEL: shake before using, don't blow nose for 15 minutes after use |
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Flonase (fluticasone)
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INTRANASAL STEROID
DOSAGE: nasal spray(0.05mg/actuation MOA: antiinflammatory--affects different cells involved in inflammation INDICATION: allergic rhinitis ADRs: phryngeal candidiasis, epistaxis, pharyngitis COUNSEL: shake gently before use |
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Rhinocort AQ (budesonide)
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INTRANASAL STEROID
MOA: acts on different cells involved in inflammation INDICATION: allergic rhinitis |
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Naprosyn (naproxen)
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NSAID
DOSAGE: susp(25mg/ml), tab(250,375,500mg) OTC(600mg) MOA: inhibits prostaglandin production INDICATION: pain & inflammation, headache, fever *EFFECT OF FOOD-increases Tmax to 12hrs **BLACK BOX**-increase risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke |
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Motrin (ibuprofen)
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NSAID
DOSAGE: susp(100mg/5ml), tab(400,600,800), otc(200mg) MOA: inhibits prostaglandin synthesis INDICATION: pain, inflammation, headache, fever *MAX=1200mg/day **BLACK BOX**-increase risk of CV thrombotic events, MI, stroke |
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Mobic (meloxicam)
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NSAID
DOSAGE: susp(7.5mg/5ml), tab(7.5,15mg) MOA: inhibit COX pathway INDICATION: osteoarthritis, RA ADRs: HTN, edema, ab pain, diarrhea, flatulance, nausea, headache, dizziness **BLACK BOX**-increase risk of VC thrombotic events, MI, stroke |
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Celebrex (celecoxib)
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NSAID - COX 2 INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: caps(50,100,200,400mg) MOA: inhibits COX 2, decreased prostaglandins INDICATION: osteoarthritis, RA, acute pain COUNSEL: don't use if allergic to ASA, sulfonamides, NSAIDS |
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Ultram (tramadol)
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NARCOTIC ANALGESIC
DOSAGE: tab(50mg)--max dose(400mg/day) MOA: binds to m-opioid receptor, inhibits reuptake of serotonin and NE INDICATION: moderate pain ADRs: dizziness, nausea, constipation |
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Tylenol #3 (acetaminophen w/ codeine)
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NARCOTIC ANALGESIC COMBO
DOSAGE: tab(30mg/325mg) max(12tabs/day) MOA: codeine-centrally acting analgesic ; APAP-inhibits prostaglandin synthesis INDICATION: mild-moderately severe pain COUNSEL: apap overdose(4g/day) |
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Vicodin (hydrocodone/apap)
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NARCOTIC ANALGESIC COMBO
DOSAGE: tab(5mg/500mg) max(8tabs/day) MOA: apap-antipyretic & analgesic ; hydrocodone-opioid analgesic INDICATION: moderate-severe pain **BLACK BOX**-apap=acute liver failure |
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Norco (hydrocodone/apap)
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NARCOTIC ANALGESIC COMBO
DOSAGE: tab(5/325, 7.5/325, 10/325) MOA: apap-antipyretic & analgesic ; hydrocodone - opioid analgesic INDICATION: moderate-severe pain **BLACK BOX**-apap=acute liver failure |
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Percodan (oxycodone/asa)
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NARCOTIC ANALGESIC COMBO
DOSAGE: tab(4.8/325) max(12tabs/day) MOA: oxycodone-pure opioid agonist ; asa-antipyretic & analgesic INDICATION: moderate-severe pain ADRs: dizziness, nausea |
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Percocet (oxycodone/apap)
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NARCOTIC ANALGESIC COMBO
DOSAGE: tab(2.5,5,7.5,10/325 , 7.5/500, 10/650mg) max(12, 8, 6 tabs/day respectively) MOA: apap-nonopiate antipyretic & analgesic ; oxycodone-sedation and analgesia INDICATION: moderate-moderately severe pain ADRs: dizziness, drowsiness, nausea **BLACK BOX**-apap=acute liver failure |
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Flexeril (cyclobenzaprine)
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SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXER
DOSAGE: tab(5,10mg) MOA: influences gamma and alpha motor systems by reducing tonic somatic motor activity INDICATION: skeletal muscle spasm ADRs: bad taste in mouth, anticholinergic effects, nausea, headache |
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Imitrex (sumatriptan)
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ANTIMIGRAINE - 5HT receptor agonist
DOSAGE: tab(25,50,100mg) subq(6mg/0.5ml) max(200mg/day tab, 12mg/day subq) MOA: 5HT receptor agonist INDICATION: migraine, cluster headache ADRs: subq=tingling, warm sensation, flushing, dizziness, vertigo |
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Xalatan (latanoprost)
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GLAUCOMA AGENT - OPHTHALMIC
DOSAGE: soln(2.5ml) MOA: reduces intraocular pressure by increasing outflow of aqueous humor INDICATION: glaucoma ADRs: blurred vision, burning/stinging, darkening of iris and eyelid STORAGE: cool, dark place or fridge |
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Travatan (travaprost)
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GLAUCOMA AGENT - eye drop
MOA: reduces intraocular pressure by increasing outflow of aqueous humor INDICATION: glaucoma ADRs: ocular hyperemia, eye discomfort STORAGE: cool, dry place away from light |
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Lumigan (bimatoprost)
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GLAUCOMA AGENT - eye drop
MOA: selectively mimics natural prostamides INDICATION: open-angle glaucoma, ocular htn ADRs: ocular hyperemia STORAGE: cool, dry place away from light |
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Amoxil (amoxicillin)
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PENICILLIN ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: susp(125/5,200/5,250/5,400/5) tabs(875mg) chew(125mg,250mg,400mg) MOA: bacteriocidal-inhibits cell wall synthesis INDICATION: bacterial infections, otitis media ADRs: n/v/d, irritation of mouth or throat COUNSEL: reduce effectiveness of OC |
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Pen VK (penicillin)
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PENICILLIN ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(250,500mg) susp(125mg/5ml, 250mg/5ml) MOA: bactericidal-inhibits cell wall synthesis INDICATION: bacterial infections, otitis media ADRs: black-hairy tongue, mild n/v/d, upset stomach COUNSEL: reduce effectiveness of OC |
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Augmentin (amox/clav)
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COMBO ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(500/125mg,875/125mg,250/125mg) susp(200/5ml, 400/5ml), chew(400mg) MOA: bactericidal-inhibits cell wall synthesis & beta-lactamase INDICATION: bacterial infections, otitis media ADRs: n/v/d **Clav=beta-lactamase..fights PCN resistant bacteria |
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Keflex (cephalexin)
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CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: cap(250,500mg) susp(125/5ml, 250/5ml) MOA: bactericidal-inhibits cell wall synthesis INDICATION: bacterial infection, otitis media, UTI ADRs: dizziness, tiredness, headache, diarrhea **% of patients w/ PCN allergy allergic to cephs-10% |
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Omnicef (cefdinir)
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CEPHALOSPORIN ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: cap(300mg) susp(125/5ml, 250/5ml) MOA: bactericidal-inhibits cell wall synthesis INDICATION: bacterial infection, otitis media, UTI ADRs: n/v/d, headache **interaction w/ antacids = decreased absorption of antibiotic |
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Levaquin (levofloxacin)
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FLUOROQUINOLONE ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(250,500,750mg), soln(25mg/ml) MOA: inhibits DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV INDICATION: bacterial infections, prevent/slow anthrax, UTI ADRs: constipation, n/d, gas, headache |
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BLACK BOX WARNING FOR FLUOROQUINOLONES
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increase tendonitis/tendon rupture risk in all ages
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Cipro (ciprofloxacin)
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FLUOROQUINOLONE ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(250,500,750) susp(5g/100ml) XR(500,100) MOA: inhibits DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV INDICATION: bacterial infections, prevent/slow anthrax, UTI ADRs: n/v/d, dizziness, headache, loss of appetite |
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Avelox (moxifloxacin)
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FLUOROQUINOLONE ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(400mg), IV MOA: inhibits topoisomerase II and IV INDICATION: bacterial infections ADRs: dizziness, n/v/d |
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Zithromax (azithromycin)
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MACROLIDE ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(250,500mg) susp(100/5ml, 200/5ml) MOA: binds to P site of 50S ribosomal subunit, interferes w/ protein synthesis INDICATION: bacterial infections, otitis media ADRs: mild n/d, headache, stomach pain |
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what is dosage regimen of azithromycin in Community Acquired Pneumonia in adults?
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500mg stat, 1250mg days 2-5 OR 500mg IV x2 or more days, then 500mg PO days 7-10
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Doxyclycline Hyclate
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TCN ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: cap(50,100mg) tab(20,100mg) MOA: inhibits protein synthesis and collagenase activity INDICATION: uti, acne, gonorrhea, chlamydia ADRs: n/v, loss of appetite, *photosensitivity* OFF LABEL USE: rosacea |
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Doryx (doxycycline)
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TCN ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(50,75,100) cap(150) MOA: inhibits protein synthesis INDICATIONS: bacterial infections, acne ADRs: headache, n/v, dizziness **enteric coated-less GI upset* |
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Bactrim (sulfa-trimeth)
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SULFA COMBO ANTIBIOTIC
DOSAGE: tab(400/80mg, 800/160mg), susp MOA: inhibits PABA utilization & interfere w/ dihydrofolate reductase INDICATION: uti, pcp ADRs: n/v, loss of appetite, stomach upset, *photosensitivity* |
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Valtrex (valcyclovir)
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ANTIVIRAL AGENT
DOSAGE: tab(500,1000mg) MOA: inhibits DNA polymerase INDICATION: herpes zoster, cold sores, genital herpes, chicken pox ADRs: n/v, dizziness, headache, stomach pain |
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Zovirax (acyclovir)
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ANTIVIRAL AGENT
DOSAGE: tab(400,800mg) cap(200mg) susp, oint, crm MOA: inhibits DNA polymerase INDICATION: oral and genital herpes, cold sores ADRs: caps/tabs=n/v, oint/crm=sting, burning, itch |
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Tamiflu (oseltamivir)
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ANTIVIRAL AGENT
DOSAGE: cap(30,40,75mg) susp MOA: inhibit influenza virus neuraminidase INDICATION: uncomplicated acute illness due to influenza ADRs: n/v |
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How is Tamiflu dosed regularly? How is it dosed to treat the flu?
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1. 75mg QD x10D
2. 75mg BID x5D |
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Diflucan (fluconazole)
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ANTIFUNGAL
DOSAGE: tab(50,100,150,200mg) susp(10mg/ml, 40mg/ml) MOA: inhibit cyp 450 & sterol C14 INDICATION: fungal infections ADRs: headache, n/v/d, stomach upset, taste, dizziness |
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Synthroid (levothyroxine) & Levoxyl
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THYROID HORMONE
DOSAGE: tab(25,50,75,88,100,112,137,150,175,200,300mcg) MOA: synthetic T4 INDICATION: low thyroid hormone levels, goiters |
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Yasmin (drospirenone & ethinyl estradiol) & Yaz
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ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
DOSAGE: tab(21drug + 7 placebos) MOA: suppress LH & FSH, inhibit ovulation INDICATION: prevent pregnancy, moderate acne ADRs: bleeding/spotting, breast tenderness, cramps, n/v |
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BLACK BOX WARNING FOR ORAL and TOPICAL CONTRACEPTIVES
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along with smoking, increases risk of heart problems, cardiovascular and thromboembolic disorders
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Ortho Tri-Cyclen (Norgestimate & ethinyl estradiol) &
Tri-Sprintec (Norgestimate & ethinyl estradiol) & Tri-Nessa |
ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
DOSAGE: 28tabs(21drug + 7 placebos) MOA: suppress LH and FSH, inhibit ovulation INDICATION: prevent pregnancy, moderate acne ADRs: n/v, bleeding, breast tenderness |
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Plan B (levonorgestrel) & Next Choice (levonorgestrel)
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EMERGENCY ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
DOSAGE: tab(1.5mg) & tab(0.75mg) DIRECTIONS: 1t po w/in 72hrs, next one in 12hrs MOA: prevents ovulation, fertilization, implantation INDICATION: prevent pregnancy after contraception failure ADRs: fatigue, headache, dizziness |
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Age at which Plan B and Next Choice can be dispensed without a prescription?
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17 years old or older
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Ortho-Evra (Norelgestromin & ethinyl estradiol)
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TOPICAL CONTRACEPTIVE
DOSAGE: patch MOA: suppress LH & FSH, inhibit ovulation INDICATION: prevent pregnancy ADRs: breast tenderness, headache, cramps, n/v, bloating, spotting |
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Nuvaring (Etonogestrel & ethinyl estradiol)
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CONTRACEPTIVE VAGINAL RING
DOSAGE: vaginal ring MOA: suppress LH and FSH, inhibit ovulation INDICATION: prevent pregnancy ADRs: breast tenderness, dizziness, weight gain, headache, mild hair loss, spotting, bloating ***ALLOW 1 WEEK TO PASS BEFORE INSERTING NEW RING*** |
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Premarin (conjugated estrogen)
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ESTROGEN
DOSAGE: tab(0.3, 0.45,0.625,0.9,1.25mg) crm MOA: binds to estrogen receptors INDICATION: decrease menopausal symptoms ADRs: tab=dizziness, gas, nausea ; crm=dizziness, nausea, vaginal buring |
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Fosamax (alendronate)
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BISPHOSPHONATE
DOSAGE: weekly(35,70), daily(5,40,70) MOA: inhibit osteoclast activity reducing bone resorption INDICATION: prevent & treat osteoporosis ADRs: constipation, diarea, dizziness, bloated, gas, headache |
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IMPORTANT COUNSELING POINT FOR BISPHOSPHONATES
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stay upright for 30mins after taking medication to prevent esophageal irritation
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Actonel (risedronate)
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BISPHOSPHONATE
DOSAGE: weekly(35mg) daily(5,35,75) month(150mg) MOA: inhibits osteoclast activity INDICATION: prevent osteoporosis ADRs: back pain, constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, headache |
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Boniva (ibandronate)
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BISPHOSPHONATE
DOSAGE: monthly(150mg), IV MOA: inhibit osteoclast activity INDICATION: prevent osteoporosis ADRs: dyspepsia, diarrhea |
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Evista (raloxifene)
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SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATOR
DOSAGE: tab(30mg) MOA: binds estrogen receptors INDICATION: post-menopausal osteoporosis ADRs: hot flashes, infection, flu-like symptoms, nausea, weight gain, cough |
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Zantac (ranitidine)
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H2 BLOCKER
DOSAGE: tab(150, 300) syrup MOA: blocks histamine release, inhibits H2 receptor INDICATION: ulcers, GERD ADRs: constipation, n/d, headache |
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Pepcid (famotidine)
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H2 BLOCKER
DOSAGE: tab(20,40mg) MOA: blocks histamine release, inhibits H2 receptor INDICATION: ulcers, GERD ADRs: constipation, headache, n/d |
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Aciphex (rabeprazole)
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PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(20mg) MOA: inhibits gastric parietal cell, blocks acid production INDICATION: ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis ADRs: diarrhea, headache COUNSEL: take 30min before food |
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Nexium (esomeprazole)
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PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: cap(20,40mg) MOA: inhibits gastric parietal cell, blocks acid production INDICATION: ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis ADRs: constipation, n/d, dry mouth, gas, headache |
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Prevacid (lansoprazole)
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PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: cap(15,30) solutab(15,30) granules(15mg) MOA: inhibits gastric parietal cell, blocks acid production INDICATION: ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis ADRs: constipation, diarrhea |
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Prilosec (omeprazole)
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PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: cap(10,20,40) MOA: blocks acid production in stomach INDICATION: ulcers, heartburn, GERD ADRs: headache, constipation, cough, dizziness |
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Protonix (pantoprazole)
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PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(20,40mg) inj(40) MOA: blocks acid production in stomach INDICATION: ulcers, GERD, erosive esophagitis ADRs: headache, n/v/d, stomach pain |
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Lantus (insulin glargine)
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INSULIN - BASAL
DOSAGE: vial(100units) cartridge(100u/ml MOA: stimulate glucose uptake, inhibit hepatic glucose production INDICATION: diabetes ADRs: redness, swelling or itching @ inj site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* DURATION: over 24 hours |
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Levemir
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INSULIN - BASAL
DOSAGE: vial(100u) flexpen MOA: stimulate glucose uptake, inhibit hepatic glucose production INDICATION: diabetes ADRs: pain @ inj site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* ONSET: 6-8hrs DURATION: 5.7-23hrs |
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Humulin N & Novolin N
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INSULIN - BASAL
DOSAGE: NPH(N), vial(injection) MOA: decreases formation of TGs INDICATION: diabetes ADRs: pain @ site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* ONSET: 3-4hrs DURATION: 24hrs |
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Humulin R & Novolin R
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INSULIN - BOLUS
DOSAGE: injection(vial) MOA: decreases formation of TGs INDICATION: diabetes ADRs: pain @ injection site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* ONSET: 0.5-1hr DURATION: 6-8hrs |
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NOVOLOG
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INSULIN - BOLUS
DOSAGE: injection(70/30) MOA: stimulate glucose uptake, inhibit hepatic glucose production INDICATION: diabetes ADRs: pain @ injection site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* ONSET: 40-50mins DURATION: 80mins |
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Humalog
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INSULIN - BOLUS
DOSAGE: injection(mix=75/25, 50/50) MOA: stimulate glucose uptake, inhibit hepatic glucose production INDICATION: diabetes ADRs: pain @ injection site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* ONSET: 30-90mins DURATION: 26-52mins |
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Apidra
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INSULIN - BOLUS
DOSAGE: injection MOA: stimulate glucose uptake, inhibit hepatic glucose production INDICATION: diabetes ADRs: pain @ injection site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* DURATION: 42-86mins |
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Micronase (glyburide)
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SULFONYLUREA
DOSAGE: tab(1.25,2.5,5mg) MOA: stimulate pacreatic islet beta cell insulin release INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: stomach fullness, heartburn, nausea |
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Glucatrol ER (glipizide er)
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SULFONYLUREA
DOSAGE: tab(5,10) xl(2.5,5,10) MOA: stimulate pancreatic islet beta cell insulin release INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: diarrhea, dizziness, gas, nausea COUNSEL: take 30mins before meals |
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Amaryl (glimeperide)
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SULFONYLUREA
DOSAGE: tab(1,2,4mg) MOA: stimulate pancreatic islet beta cell insulin release INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: dizziness, headache, nausea, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* COUNSEL: take w/ 1st main meal |
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Glucophage (metformin)
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BIGUANIDE
DOSAGE: tab(500,850,1000mg) er(500,750mg) MOA: decrease hepatic glucose production INDICATION; type 2 diabetes ADRs: n/v/d, gas, headache, indigestion, stomach upset, metallic taste |
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BLACK BOX WARNING FOR METFORMIN
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lactic acidosis can occur
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Actos (pioglitazone)
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THIAZOLIDINEDIONE
DOSAGE: tab(15, 30, 45mg) MOA: increases insulin sensitivity INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: fluid retention, edema, weight gain, headache, anemia |
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Januvia (sitagliptin)
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DPP-4 INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(25,50,100mg) MOA: deactivates incretin hormones glucagon like peptide 1 INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: nasopharyngitis RENAL DOSAGE: moderate=50mg, severe=25mg |
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Onglyza (saxagliptin)
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DPP-4 INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(2.5,5mg) MOA: deactivates incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: UTI, headache RENAL DOSE: 2.5mg/day |
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Trajenta (linagliptin)
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DPP-4 INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(5mg) MOA: deactivates incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 11 INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: nasopharyngitis RENAL DOSE: none |
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Byetta (exenatide - BID)
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GLUCAGON-LIKE PEPTIDE-1 AGONIST
DOSAGE: injection MOA: mimics action of incretins, increase glucose-dependent synthesis and secretion INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: n/v/d, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* COUNSEL: take w/in 60mins of meal |
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Victoza (liraglutide)
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GLP- 1 AGONIST
DOSAGE: subq injection(18mg/3ml) MOA: mimics action of incretins, increase glucose-dependent synthesis and secretion INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: n/v/d |
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BLACK BOX WARNING FOR VICTOZA AND BYDUREON
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thyroid C-cell tumor risk
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Bydureon (exenatide - QW)
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GLP-1 AGONIST
DOSAGE: subq injection(2mg) MOA: mimics action of incretins, increase glucose-dependent synthesis and secretion INDICATION: type 2 diabetes ADRs: n/d, nodule at injection site, *HYPOGLYCEMIA* |
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Flomax (tamsulosin)
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BPH AGENT-ALPHA-1 BLOCKER
DOSAGE: cap(0.4mg) MOA: antagonize prostate alpha-1-adrenergic receptors, relax smooth muscle INDICATION: BPH ADRs: back pain, blurred vision, cough, diarrhea, dizziness, weakness |
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Viagra (sidenafil)
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PDE 5 INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(25,50,100mg) MOA: inhibits PDE 5, enhances nitric oxide INDICATION: erectile dysfunction ADRs: diarrhea, dizziness, flushing, headache, stuffy nose, upset tummy |
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What happens if Viagra and Cialis are taken with Nitrates?
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hypotensive effects
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Cialis (tadalafil)
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PDE-5 INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(2.5,5,10,20mg) MOA: inhibits PDE 5, enhances nitric oxide INDICATION: erectile dysfunction ADRs: headache, flushing, nausea, heartburn |
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Detrol LA (tolteradine)
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ANTICHOLINERGIC
DOSAGE: cap(2,4mg) MOA: antagonizes ACh receptors INDICATION: overactive bladder ADRs: blurred vision, constipation, dry mouth, drowsiness, headache |
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Enablex (darifenacin)
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ANTIMUSCARINIC
DOSAGE: tab(7.5, 15mg) MOA: competitive muscarinic receptor antagonist INDICATION: overactive bladder ADRs: dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision |
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Zyloprim (allopurinol)
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XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(100,300mg) MOA: inhibits xanthine oxidase, interferes w/ production of uric acid INDICATION: gout ADRs: skin rash and sores, itching, hives, fever, painful urination |
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Colcrys (colchicine)
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XANTHINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR
DOSAGE: tab(0.6mg) MOA: inhibits xanthine oxidase, interferes w/ production of uric acid INDICATION: gout ADRs: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea |
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Prednisone
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GLUCOCORTICOID
DOSAGE: tab(1,2.5,5,10,50mg) soln(5/5ml) MOA: anti-inflammatory INDICATION: asthma, PCP, MS ADRs: difficulty sleeping, nervousness, indigestion, nausea |
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What is a major side effect of prednisone?
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Cushing Syndrome=increased susceptibility to infections, osteoporosis, vertebral compression
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one major counseling point for prednisone
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don't stop taking it suddenly = lead to unpleasant withdrawal symptoms and can weaken immune system
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Classes of antibiotics that cause photosensitivity
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1. TCN antibiotics
2. Bactrim |
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which drug has an off-label use for treatment of Rosecea?
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Doxycycline Hyclate
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drugs indicated for treatment of UTI
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1. cephalexin
2. levofloxacin 3. ciprofloxacin 4. doxycycline hyclate 5. bactrim |
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drugs indicated for treatment of otitis media
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1. Amoxicillin
2. penicillin 3. amox/clav 4. cephalexin 5. cefdinir 6. azithromycin |
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drug used for malaria prophylaxis
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1. doxycycline hyclate
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