Tissues

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Four major tissue types

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Epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous

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Tissue

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Cells are arranged in groups and layers that provide specific functions for the body.

Front 3

How are epithelial tissues categorized?

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By Shape and Layer

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General Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue

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-anchored to a basement membrane
- made up of tightly packed cells containing little intercellular material
-lack blood vessels
-replaced frequently.

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Where is Epithelial tissue found?

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Covers body surface
Lines internal organs
Composes glands

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Simple Squamous Epithelium is made up of?

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Simple squamous epithelium is made up of a single layer of thin, flattened cells.

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The Job: Simple Squamous Epithelium

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DIFFUSION, Exchange of Gases

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Location: Simple Squamous Epithelium

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Lungs, lines blood, lymph vessels, and body cavities.

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The Job: Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

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functions in secretion and absorption

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Nuclei of Simple Squamous Epi?

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Broad and Thin

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Nuclei of Simple cuboidal epi.?

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Centrally Located Spherical Nuclei

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The Location: Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

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Kidneys, secretion in the glands, covers the ovaries

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Which type of epi has cilia

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Simple Columnar

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The Location: Simple Columnar Epithelium

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uterus, stomach, and intestines

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The Job:Simple Columnar Epithelium

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Secretion and Absorption; protects underlying tissues

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Simple Columnar Epithelium in the intestine

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cells possess microvilli that increase the surface area available for absorption

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Microvilli

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tiny cylindrical processes extending from the simple columnar cell

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Goblet Cells

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Found among columnar epithelium. Secrete a protective fluid=mucus onto the tissue

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The Location: Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

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trachea, respiratory system

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Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Nuclei?

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appear layered due to the varying positions of their nuclei within the row of cells

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The Location: Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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outer layer of skin, and lines the mouth, throat, vagina, and anal canal.

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Cilia may be present, along with mucus-secreting globlet cells, that line and sweep debris from respiratory tubes?

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Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium

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The Job: Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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Protection.

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The Location: Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

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mammary glands, sweat glands, salivary glands, and pancreas

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How many layers of Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium are there?

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2-3 layers

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Stratified Columnar Epithelium: Location

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ductus deferens, part of the male urethra, and parts of the pharynx.

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Transitional Epithelium:JOB

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designed to distend and return to its normal size

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Transitional Epithelium:Location

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Lining of the bladder

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distensibility

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Function that Transitional Epithelium has to prevent urine from coming back into the body.

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Glandular Epithelium:JOB

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produce and secrete substances into ducts or into body fluids.

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Glands that secrete products into ducts are?

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exocrine

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Glands that secrete into body fluids and blood are called?

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endocrine.

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Glands that release fluid products by exocytosis (pancreas) and are grouped as serous which produce a watery fluid or mucus which produce a thicker, protective substance?

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Merocrine.

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glands lose portions of their cell bodies during secretion (mammary glands).

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Apocrine.

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glands release entire cells (sebaceous glands).

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Holocrine

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bind, support, protect, serve as frameworks, fill spaces, store fat, produce blood cells, protect against infection, and repair tissue damage.

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Connective Tissue

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Which tissue has an abundance of extra cellular matrix, and good blood supply?

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Connective Tissue

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the most common cell type, and is a fixed, star-shaped cell that secretes fibers and is large in size.

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Fibroblast

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function as scavenger cells and defend against infection.

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Macrophages

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large and are located near blood vessels where they release heparin (anticoagulant) and histamine (promotes inflammation)

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Mast Cells

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Three types of Connective Tissue Fibers

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collagenous, Elastic, Reticular

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Collagenous Fibers

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made of collagen, holds body together

Front 43

Elastic Fibers

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Made of elastin, easily stretched....vocal cords

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Reticular Fibers

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thin collagenous fibers that form supportive networks

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Type of connective tissue that forms delicate, thin membranes throughout the body that bind body parts together such as skin and underlying organs.

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Areolar Tissue

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Adipose Tissue

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loose connective tissue designed to store fat

Front 47

composed of thin, collagenous fibers in a 3-D network.

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Reticular connective tissue

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This tissue consists of densely packed collagenous fibers and is very strong but lacks a good blood supply.

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Dense Connective Tissue

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Connective Tissue found as part of tendons and ligaments?

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Dense Connective Tissue

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Rigid connective tissue that provides a supportive framework for various structures...?

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Cartilage

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Cartilage cells

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(chondrocytes)

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The common type of cartilage found at the ends of bones, and supports respiratory passages?

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Hyaline Cartilage

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provides a framework for the external ears and parts of the larynx

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Elastic Cartilage

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tough tissue that provides a shock- absorbing function in intervertebral discs and in the knees and pelvic girdle.

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Fibrocartilage

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Composed of cells (red and white) suspended in a liquid matrix called plasma?

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Blood

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good blood supply, enabling rapid recovery after an injury.

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BONE

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thin, sheetlike structures composed of epithelium and connective tissues, covering body surfaces and lining body cavities.

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Epithelial membranes

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four main types of membranes:

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serous, mucous, cutaneous, and synovial.

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voluntary movements of skeletal parts, striated

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Skeletal Muscle tissue

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Involuntary, walls of hollow internal organs, no striations

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Smooth Muscle tissue

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Heart Movements, heart muscles, striated

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Cardiac Muscle

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Sensory reception and conduction of electrical impulses

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Nervous tissue