Tissues

Front 1

epithelial tissue

Back 1

Covers body surfaces, internal and external, makes up the glands of the body
Functions: protection, absorption, secretion, excretion

Front 2

connective tissue

Back 2

most abundant tissue by body weight
Functions: binds, supports, protects, fills spaces, stores fat, produces blood cells

Front 3

muscle tissue

Back 3

Specialized for contraction, movement.
Location: wall of heart and hollow organs, attached to bones
Function: various types of movement

Front 4

nervous tissue

Back 4

specialized for the communication through nerve impulses
Functions: sensory reception, integration, coordination, issue motor commands to muscles and glands

Front 5

Four major types of tissue in the human body

Back 5

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nerve

Front 6

General characteristics of epithelial tissue

Back 6

1. found throughout body
2. covers all body surfaces, external and internal (skin, organ coverings, lines body cavities)
3. makes up glands
4. has a free surface and and underside called the basement membrane (basal lamina)
5. usually lacks blood vessels, nourished by diffusion of nutrients from adjacent connective tissue
6. reproduces quickly
7. cells are tightly packed together
8. contains small amount of intercellular material
9. many connected by desmosomes
10. Functions: secretion, absorption, excretion, sensory reception

Front 7

Classification of epithelial tissues

Back 7

arrangement and shape

Front 8

simple

Back 8

composed of a single layer of cells

Front 9

stratified

Back 9

composed of several layers of cells

Front 10

pseudostratified

Back 10

appears to be layered, but is actually a single layer

Front 11

squamous

Back 11

thin, flattened cells

Front 12

cuboidal

Back 12

cube-shaped or rounded cells

Front 13

columnar

Back 13

tall, elongated cells

Front 14

simple squamous epithelium

Back 14

single layer of thin, flattened cells; tightly packed with large, round nuclei; thin, irregular, delicate, forms delicate membranes in sites of rapid diffusion, filtration, or exchange of substances

Front 15

locations of simple squamous

Back 15

lines air sacs of alveoli in lungs, lines blood and lymphatic vessels, heart (endothelium)
makes up capillaries, lines ventral body cavities (mesothelium), serous membranes

Front 16

simple cuboidal epithelium

Back 16

single layer of cube-shaped cells; nuclei are round and centrally located

Hint 16

Functions: protection, absorption, secretion of various substances

Front 17

location of simple cuboidal epithelium

Back 17

Lines kidney tubules, makes up thyroid gland, surface of ovaries, ducts of glands (ie salivary glands), pancreas: secrete hormones, enzymes, buffers

Front 18

simple columnar epithelium

Back 18

single layer of tall, elongated cells, nuclei are located near basement membrane, all at about the same level, protection, absorption, secretion, somewhat tolerant to stretching

Hint 18

Locations: linings of uterus, stomach, intestines, gallbladder, collecting ducts of kidneys, fallopian tubes

Front 19

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

Back 19

appears layered but is actually composed of 1 layer, nuclei are located at different levels within cells, all cells reach basement membrane, have cilia which sweep away mucus in one direction
Functions: protection, secretion, cleaning

Hint 19

Locations: trachea, larynx, nasal cavity, parts of male reproductive tract

Front 20

stratified squamous epithelium

Back 20

composed of many layers of thin, flattened cells; new cells are produced in the deepest layers, migrate toward free surface, cells at free surface are squamous, cells close to BM are cuboidal or columnar

Hint 20

Location: epidermis, lines mouth cavity, throat, esophagus, vagina, anal canal

Front 21

stratified cuboidal epithelium

Back 21

2-3 layers of cube-shaped cells, forms some linings of lumina, rare in human body, providesmore protection than a single layer
Functions: protection, absorption, secretion

Hint 21

Locations: lines larger ducts of glands (salivary, sweat, and mammary glands), lines developing ovarian follicles and seminiferous tubules

Front 22

stratified columnar epithelium

Back 22

2-3 layers of tall, elongated cells, relatively uncommon
Function: protection of underlying tissue

Hint 22

Locations: pharynx, epiglottis, male urethra and vas deferens, mammary ducts, anus

Front 23

transitional epithelium (uroepithelium)

Back 23

specialized for stretching, gives an expandable lining, tolerates considerable stretching, has contracted and expanded states, provides protection against diffusion and tearing

Hint 23

Locations: found only in urinary system (bladder, ureters, urethra, renal pelvis)