• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/12

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
babesia and thileria are in the same orderwhat is their order called and what is the phylum of the order.

what do they have in common
phylum- apicomplexa
order- piroplasmida

found inside RBCs and spread by ixodes ticks
how does the large and small babesia differ in their appearence on a blood smear?
both have a pyriform shape
large- more in middle, bigger and smaller angle
both have a pyriform shape
large- more in middle, bigger and smaller angle
what sp of babesia causes equine babesiosis and what is the vector
B. Caballi ( call a cab!!- large) or B. Equi ( small)

Dermacentor reticulatus
what sp of babesia causes canine babesiosis and what is the vector.
B Canis ( large) found in EU esp france or B. Gibsoni ( small ) i n USA

also Dermacentor reticulatus ( and rhipicephalus sanguineus)
what sp. of Babesia cause bovine babesiosis in the UK and in tropical regions and what is their vector
UK- B.Divergens ( small) vector is ixodes ricinus or B.Major ( large as major !! -less pathogenic) only found in S. England /wales and is transmited by haemaphysalis punctata tick.

tropical - B.bovis ( small) and B.bigemina ( large ) transimitted by the genera boophilus- a 1 host tick.
describe and draw in detail the lifecycle of protazoa Babesia
the tick inoculates the sporozoite when feeding - enters RBC and devides asexually into 2-4 merozoites ( pyriform shape ) - when the RBC ruptures the merozoites will be released and invade more RBCs and devide again to produce more merozoites - ev...
DOG/HORSE/COW-the tick inoculates the sporozoite when feeding - enters RBC and devides asexually into 2-4 merozoites ( pyriform shape ) - when the RBC ruptures the merozoites will be released and invade more RBCs and devide again to produce more merozoites - eventually the merozoites will form gametocytes within the RBCs and this is the stage which the tick takes up when feeding.

TICK (EG IXODES RICINUS) -when in the tick the gametocyte will be released and form gametes which will fuse to produce a zygote which will invade the ticks gut epi cells and x to form kinetes. the kinetes will invade tissue including the ovaries and eggs of the tick so will infect the next generation. when they develope to larvae the kinetes will migrate to the salivary glands of the ticks and form sporozoites which will infect animals when the tick is feeding.
what stage of the lifecycle is inocculated by the feeding tick and list the names of the lifecycle from here on.
sporozoite - devide to 2-4 merozoite which devide more- eventually devide to form gametocytes inside RBCs which are taken up by the tick- released to form gametes - fuse to form zygote- enters tick gut cell and X to form kinetes- invade ovary and eggs of tick. they migrate to the salivary gland when the larvae forms and turn into a sporozoite and are inoculated into the animal before the tick stops feeding.
what is the pathogenesis of bovine babesiosis caused by B.Divergens in the UK and B.Bovis and B.Bigemina in the tropics. which is the most pathogenic
overall ruptutres RBCs and releases vasoactive substances- eventually tissue anoxia leads to organ damage.

B.divergens and B. Bigemina cause classical haemolytic anaemia - the parasites may x in up to 40 % of RBCs and u pto 70 % of RBCs may be damaged in total due to rupture due to entry of parasite or increased osmotic fragility and phagocytosis even if uninfected.

however B.Bovis is the most pathogenic because it can cause a fall in PCV even if the parastiaemia is only 1%!! this is because it causes release of vasoactive substances which cause circulatory stasis and shock. Which is then followed by destruction of RBCs.
describe the epi of babesia in the UK
peak april - may usually although may be all year ( remember EMS in the winter!!).

calves less than 1 yr old have an inate resistance.

in regions where there is enzootic stability ( babesia is endemic ) the calves older than 1 yr will get challenged quickly and the disease is mild and transient with a good immune response developing. Also they will be constantly challenged so immunity will be maintained. A naive animals introduced to this area is at risk. Stress may cause a break through of subclinical infection.

enzootic instability is when there is not a high level of babesia in the region. A random infection in this area will cause severe disease as the animals will probably be naive and not have immunity.

if not exposed for more than 2 yrs the immunity will decrease.
describe the progression of clincial signs of bovine babesiosis and is their a incubation peiord
yes. incubation peiord of 1-2 weeks.

fever for 1 week

anaema with pale mm and increased RR, HR, diarrhoea and haemoglobinuria

anaemia advances, constipation, dehydration, can hear heart beat from a distance

red water stops and temperature falls

terminal cases- weak pulse and dies.
how is bovine babesiosis diagnosed ?
clincial signs/time of yr late spring to early summer most common ( tick like day night temp > than 10 to seek host and only survive if the humidity is > 90 %)

blood smear / PCR/ Ab
what is the name of the drug used to control babesiosis
Imidocarb