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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hanifs
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Pre-Islamic non-Jewish or non-Christian Arabian monotheists. Followers of Abraham.
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[Waraqua ibn Quasayy]
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Khadija's Christian cousin who Muhammad consulted about his visions and confirmed that he was a messenger of God.
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Qurayash
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Arab tribe to which Muhammad and his clan, the Banu Hashim, belonged.
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Umayyad
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ruling clan of Qurayash that ruled political environment and commercial economy of Mecca.
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Hashim
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clan Muhammad belonged to.
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Abdul Mutalip
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Muhammad's grandfather
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Ebu Talip
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Muhammad's uncle who took him in as an orphan and later became his greatest protector.
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Hijra
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Immigration from Mecca to Medina.
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Hijra
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Islamic lunar calendar that began with Hijra.
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Umma
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Muslim community
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[Constitution of Medina]
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drafted by Muhammad, it provided laws and justice to the people of Medina by ending the fighting between different clans and bringing together Jews, Christians, pagans, and new Muslims for societal harmony.
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Hudeybiya
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site outside Mecca where Muhammad and his followers stayed in their first pilgrimage attempt; a treaty was made here in which Muhammad and his people could return in 1 year and there would be peace between Medinans and Meccans for 10 years.
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Qibla
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The direction one faces during prayer. One must face the Kaba in Mecca.
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Hajj
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One of the Five Pillars of Islam. Muslims must make a pilgrmage to Mecca.
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Zakat
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Almsgiving. Giving to the poor and thouse in need. 2.5 % of ones wealth is obligated to be given.
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Badr
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The 1st Battle between Muslims and Meccans. It happened by accident, because Muhammad and his people were attempting to get back the things taken from Muslims.
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Uhud (Battle of Uhud)
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Muslims lost the battle to the Meccans. Many men died during the battle. Muhammad advocated marrying multiple (upt to 4) wives (some believe in order to protect the women and ensure they and their children were provided for). Muhammad took 4 wives in the last 5 years of his life, after his 1st wife Khadija died.
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PBUH
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(Peace Be Upon Him) Usually follows Muhammad’s name when people talk about him or write about him.
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[The Battle of Trench]
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Medina people dug a trench around the city to keep out the Meccan warriors. Some Medina Jews allied theirselves with Meccans because they did not believe that Muhammad was a phrophet and wanted to undermine him. After the Battle of Trench, Muhammad made the decision to kill the Jewish men who collaborated with the enemy.
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Hadith
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Words of Muhammad
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Sunna
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Actions of Muhammad
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Tawhid
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Believing in one god. Also known as monotheism.
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Jahilliya
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Ignorance of god/religion. It was the period before Muhammad. Some believe it can be used to describe a person that does not know about Allah.
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Hagar
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mother of Ishmael, servant of Sarah. Had Ishmaels because Sarah did not get pregnant for a long time.
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Sarah
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Wife of Abraham. Mother of Issac. Owner of Hagar. Told Abraham to sleep with Hagar because she did not think she could get pregnant. She later thought Hagar and Ishmael were a threat and asked Abraham to get rid of the two... Abraham left them in the desert (many believe it was in Mecca).
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Kaba
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Cube shaped building refered to as the house of idols built by Abraham for one god (according to the Muslims).
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Gabriel
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Angel: purpose is to communicate messages to prophets
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Allahu Akbar
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Allah is the greatest; God is great.
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