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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Iodine-Deficient Goiter
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Daily iodine need is 1-2 microg/kg
Table salt is therapy (100 microg/g) Other treatment: IM injection of iodized oil, iodized drinking water |
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Cretinism
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Active neurogenesis for up to 6 mos. post partum
Thyroid Hormone critical for brain No TH leads to irreversible MR Endemic- extreme deficiency of iodine Sporadic- No thyroid gland develops or problem with synthesis |
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Thyrotoxicosis
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Elevated Free Thyroid Hormone
High RAIU (Graves and Toxic MNG) |
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Thyroid Hypofunction
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MCC is Iodine Deficiency
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Nongoitrous Hypothyroidism- When there is degeneration and atrophy of gland Goitrous Hypothyroidism- When there is severe deficiency of TH synthesis |
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Levothyroxine Sodium
Synthroid Levothroid |
Thyroid Hormone Replacement
Tablet or injection Uses: Hypothyroidism, Cretinism, TSH supression for NTGoiter, after thyroid cancer treatment |
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Cytomel
Triostat |
Triiodothyronine replacement
Cytomel-Tablet Triostat- Injectable |
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Propylthiouracil
Methimazole |
Thyroid Hormone Synthesis Inhibitors
Disrupt incorporation of iodine into tyrosyl residues of thyroglobulin Treat Hyperthyroidism |
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Thiocyanate
Perchlorate |
Ionic Inhibitors of Iodide uptake
*Plant glycosides and cigarette smoke increase thiocyanate concentration in the blood |
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Iodide Therapy
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Treat hyperthyroidism
High concentrations inhibit TH release Mimics thyroidectomy Reduced vascularity, decreased cell size Protection against radioactive fallout |
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Radioactive Iodine
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Most common treatment for hyperthyroidism
Half life of 8 days 99% of radiation gone after 56 days |
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Parathyroid Hormone
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Plasma half life of 2-5 minutes
Removal by liver and kidney Targets osteoblast release of minerals |
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Metabolic activation of Vitamin D
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Skin: 7-dehydrocholesterol to Cholecalciferol
Liver: Cholecalciferol to 25-hydroxycholecalciferol Kidney: 25-OH to 1,25-DiOH (Active) |
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Therapeutic Vitamin D
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Ergocalciferol (D2)
Calcifediol (25OHCholecalciferol) Calcitriol (1,25 DiOHCholecalciferol) |
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Uses for Therapeutic Vitamin D
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Nutritional Rickets
Metabolic Rickets and Osteomalacia Hypoparathyroidism Osteoporosis |
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Calcimar
Maicalcin Cibacalcin |
Calcitonin Therapy
Lowers Ca and Phosphate in patients with hypercalcemia given IM or subQ |
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Etridonate
Pamidronate |
Bisphosphonates
Slow formation of hydroxyapetite crystals (repress osteoclasts) For management of hypercalcemia Slowly absorbed: take 90 min before meal and after Uses: Paget's, Malig-Assoc. HyperCa, Post-menopausal Osteop. |
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Thiazides
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Reduce urinary calcium and limit bone loss in patients with hypercalciuria
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Flouride
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Increases osteoblastic activity and bone density but not bone strength
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Androgens
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Increase bone mass in hypogonadal men and osteoporotic women but therapy is limited to to virilizing effects
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