Third History Exam

Front 1

Main Industrial Revolution developments

Back 1

Organization of labor

Machinery production

Artificial power (human, wind, animal)

Funding enterprises through commercial capitalism

Front 2

Who was Samuel Slater

Back 2

Father of Manufacturing - Built cotton mill from memory (English model)

Front 3

Who was Francis Cabot Lowell

Back 3

Created 1st large scale american cotton text factory by Charles River @ Walton Massachusetts

Front 4

Merrimack Manufacturing Co. more successful because

Back 4

New work force was New England women who were young and single

Front 5

Major experiments

Back 5

Steam Machinery, American coal industry born.

Front 6

Who was Eli Whitney

Back 6

Introduced assembly line manufacturing

Front 7

What did Alfred Jenks do

Back 7

Opened steam powered mill

Front 8

What did Cyrus McCormick do

Back 8

Mechanized agriculture with mechanical reaper

Front 9

Mills created greater supply caused

Back 9

Increase in supply, decrease in demand, price and wage decrease. Formed labor union, in which courts ruled any labor union with "breach of contract"

Front 10

Because of the industrial revolution working men turned to

Back 10

Politics in which they formed parties. (championed by Andrew Jackson)

Front 11

War with Barbary states

Back 11

Paid pirates an annual prize to prevent privacy. Policy was rejected by Jefferson. Results to war. Treaty of 1805 dropped demand of annual payments. US pays $60,000 for captured seamen.

Front 12

Control of the Mississippi was able to occur because

Back 12

the Louisiana purchase was sold by the government issuing $13 million in new bonds, sold to Euro investors. Part played by Hamilton

Front 13

What did the Transcontinental Treaty do?

Back 13

It provided legal basis of West Florida

Front 14

What was the European War background?

Back 14

France was opposed by England & Allies. US trade with France had conflict with England. Both stimulate US economy. Shipbuilding and foreign trade expand to US.

Front 15

What was the French policy?

Back 15

Berlin Decree - Declared blockade, Trade with England illegal

Milan Decree- All ships with England license trade subject to capture

Front 16

What was the British policy?

Back 16

Orders in council - Any country ship who visits England would penalize that ships country

Front 17

Who's policy was more damaging & why?

Back 17

England, because it is more valuable & has a strong navy to enforce policy

Front 18

Why were the Provocative Acts established?

Back 18

Because England was taking ships and goods, impressing sailors to British Navy (lost 5,000-9,000)

Front 19

What did the Embargo of 1807 do?

Back 19

Caused an American Depression, as it shut off trade with England

Front 20

What was the Non intercourse Act

Back 20

It opened trade with everyone except England & France. Which does not help the economy

Front 21

What was Macon's Bill no: 2

Back 21

Banned trade with one country, if other recognized neutral rights, which restored settlements with France, and Napoleon continued to seize American Ships

Front 22

What was the Battle of Tippecanoe

Back 22

Indian confederacy against settlers. Battle was a draw, but disillusions the Indians confederacy gone. New lands opened up.

Front 23

Who was General William Henry Harrison?

Back 23

He led the US army in the battle of Tippecanoe

Front 24

Who were the War Hawks and what did they want to do?

Back 24

Young Congressmen from the West. Wanted to Annex Canada, Fl & TX. Nationalism triumph, and included future national leaders. (Henry C, John C. C., Thomas B)

Front 25

Why did the concencus build the war with England?

Back 25

Economic problems remained unsolved

Western land policies & desires

Wanted Canadian annexation

Rise of congressional military

Front 26

What happened 5 days after war was declared?

Back 26

British softened policy

Front 27

Was the US prepared for the War of 1812?

Back 27

No.

Front 28

What were the advantages for the US

Back 28

Population & urban centers good for war bases

Good country motive

Front 29

What were the disadvantages for the US

Back 29

Unprepared army & small untested navy

Domestic opposition to war

Front 30

Why did the movement to annex Canada collapse?

Back 30

US surrenders Fort Detroit

West war became stalemate

Not much support for the War Hawks claimed

Front 31

What did Isaac Hull do?

Back 31

Defeated the Guerriere and Java

Front 32

What did Stephen Decatur do?

Back 32

Beats Macedonian

Front 33

What did Captain Oliver Hazard Perry do?

Back 33

Led the battle of Lake Erie and defeats the British

Front 34

What did the British do during the sea wars?

Back 34

Navy strong, blockaded Atlantic posts and disrupted trade and economy

Front 35

Napoleon surrenders and cause the British

Back 35

Flexibility increase

Front 36

British North and South attacks

Back 36

Capture Fort Niagara (last attempt to annex Canada) and tries to take control of Major Rivers. Raided Washington DC and stopped by Baltimore Port military

Front 37

What did Francis Scott Key do?

Back 37

wrote the star-spangled banner from British ship

Front 38

What did Andrew Jackson do during the war?

Back 38

Led the counter attacks in the South, defended New Orleans from British.

Decisive victory, morale booster, fought after peace treaty, & enhanced political career

Front 39

What did the Treaty of Ghent establish?

Back 39

Land remains same, other issues unresolved.

Better relations with England (Anglo-Americans)

Front 40

What was the Hartford Convention

Back 40

Group that Opposed 1812 War and discussed secession South seceding, considered unpatriotic, and treason during the war

Front 41

Federalist lost political respect, which led to

Back 41

Single party government

Front 42

Who wins the Election of 1808

Back 42

James Madison (Republican) because of relations with Jefferson.

Front 43

What was the main discussion of 1808

Back 43

Foreign concerns

Front 44

Who wins the election of 1812

Back 44

Madison is re-nominated

Front 45

Who supports Dewitt Clinton

Back 45

Federalist

Front 46

What is the main discussion in 1812

Back 46

War of 1812

Front 47

Who led the Republican Party?

Back 47

John Taylor

Front 48

Why did political nationalism increase despite minority opposition

Back 48

States rights faction break off from Rep. Nationalist dominant because of the war, boost morale. Few casualties, Indians move further West, because of AJ heroic defense (N.O.)

Front 49

What were the agreements of national issues?

Back 49

Tariff - protect industries (good for N, bad for S (export sells) ) tariff exports increase.

Internal improvements - Roads and canals, Bank US re-charted, national id with bank won because of sectional loyalist

Front 50

Why did the South still support the tariff

Back 50

Think they can benefit from industry

Front 51

What is the "Era of Good Feelings"

Back 51

Absence of political conflict

Front 52

Who wins the election of 1816

Back 52

James Monroe (Republican) because he was a veteran of the Jeffersonian political leader and diplomat

Front 53

Who wins the election of 1820

Back 53

James Monroe re-elected

Front 54

What did Americans think about life in the US

Back 54

Life was far superior from Europe

Front 55

How did America imitate European models after the revolution?

Back 55

Inadequate facilities, emphasis on practical accomplishments, High education limited only for the upper class

Front 56

Who was Washington Irving?

Back 56

Wrote "Knickerbockers History of NY"

First American author considered serious in England

Front 57

Who was Noah Webster

Back 57

Wrote the Dictionary 1806, substituted American spelling and speech patterns

Front 58

Who was James Fenimore Cooper

Back 58

Wrote "Last of the Mohicans"

Front 59

Who was Charles Wilson Peale

Back 59

Naturalist & painter - portrait of George Washington and other leading patriots

Pale's Museum in Philadelphia

Front 60

Who was Gilbert Stuart?

Back 60

Painted patriots of the Revolution more life like. (Facial expressions)

Front 61

American Culture developments

Back 61

Same departure , largely imitative

Lacking sophisticated techniques and suitable themes

American intellectual thinly spread

Front 62

What were long range problems

Back 62

Global trading patterns

Trade generate domestic capital

problem mixing industry and agriculture

determine proper relation-ship gov and buss.

balancing internal conflict and economic interest

Front 63

Merchant trends

Back 63

Assume national interest same as personal intr.

Max opportunities, trade with everyone

Capital increases political power demand internal improvements (transport and communication)

Front 64

Who made the invention of cotton gin

Back 64

Eli Whitney

Front 65

What did cotton bring?

Back 65

Increase in production demand, exports increased.

Slavery reinforced economic and social system

Slave price and illegal imports increased

Rationalize the institution of slavery in the south

Front 66

What was the government's role

Back 66

Decentralize the strong

promote business and internal improv over time

Front 67

What would promoting private enterprise bring?

Back 67

Finance in internal improv

Revenue sharing w/ states. keep money from sale of lands

Chartered corporations fed and state gov

corp helped faster int imrpov

corporate power steadily expand

Front 68

Demography

Back 68

Population increase

immigration & increase natural growth

Westward expansion (gov provide credit)

Farmers increase

Front 69

What did Henry Clay try to do?

Back 69

Make natural economy self-sufficient

Front 70

What are Protective Tariffs (not approved)

Back 70

Help industry. extensive internal improv., recharter US banks for stable currency

Primarily the north (all sections benefit)

Front 71

Why were race problems postponed?

Back 71

Indians seen as subhumans, so they took land.

African slaves - colonial trends & decl of ind not applied to slaves.

FREE AND SLAVE STATES THREATENED

Front 72

Tallmadge Amendment

Back 72

Slave banned in Missouri, passed in the House / tied in the senate.

Front 73

Tallmadge political controversy

Back 73

North feared economic competition of slave balance in senate threatened

South emancipation desirable, slavery evil but necessary evil. legally recognized and private property. Not an issue, its a political issue.

Front 74

Missouri Compromise

Back 74

Maine admitted as a free state. Slavery prohibited in the Louisiana Territory. Allowed 36 30

Front 75

What was a problem with England

Back 75

Location boundary of Canada and America

Front 76

Rush Bagot Agreement

Back 76

Naval disarmament. Agreed to limit American and British vessels on Great Lakes

Front 77

What were mutual interest agreements between US and British

Back 77

England concentrate on Europe

US wants internal improvements

old antagonisms diminished

commercial relations restored

Front 78

Transcontinental Treaty of 1819 (Adams-Onis Treaty)

Back 78

Spain renounced east Mississippi river and Oregon claim. Boundary us and mexico now 42nd parallel. Claims TX. Gave 10 million for Florida and american claims against Spain

Front 79

Latin American countries revolt against Spain

Back 79

Started from Napoleonic War. supported by the British for expansion and trade. US don't support because of negotiations, but trade when the countries gain independence. Spain wants territory back.

Front 80

Monroe Doctrine

Back 80

Interests between america and britain. british made first diplomatic move issuing bilateral statements. no more acquiring territories in the western hemisphere.

Front 81

Why did john quicy adams oppose

Back 81

statement should be unilateral, which will show strong independent nation.

Front 82

Adams convinces monroe to

Back 82

insert policy state of the union speech (monroe doctrine)

Front 83

Monroe Doctrine is effective because

Back 83

It would be enforced by the british navy, and US improves internally without foreign interference

Front 84

Tariff of 1816

Back 84

high rates to protect american manufacture and production. penalized agriculture industry.

National tariff weakening most favored protective tariff

south opposed bc higher price in manu.

west generally supports tariff

Front 85

Bank US rechartered in 1816

Back 85

full support of west, but corrupt management

Front 86

Bank reorganized by Langdon Cheves

Back 86

tight credit, penalized debtors and state banks.

helped preserve bank of US

Front 87

land sales boomed because of

Back 87

west economic stability and advanced re movement of indians , and squatter problems

Front 88

preemption law of 1841

Back 88

Squatter first if they could buy 160 acres

Front 89

Sectional basis of conflict

Back 89

West easy to buy land

north cost land higher in order to build roads and canals. buss thought if cheap land workers would leave

Front 90

John Quincy Adams N

Back 90

Secretary of state, nationalist and congress

Front 91

Daniel Webster N

Back 91

opposed cheap land and principle of slavery

Front 92

Martin Van Buren N

Back 92

organized new york and virginia support and Jacksonian

Front 93

John C. Calhoun S

Back 93

Secretary of War, Vice President of John Q and Jack. Helps south dominant leader believed in states rights

Front 94

William H. Crawford S

Back 94

Democratic Republican. Compromiser and political leader

Front 95

Henry Clay W

Back 95

Secretary of state under John Q. Leader whig party. dominant western

Front 96

Thomas Hart Benton W

Back 96

Served in general Jackson war. Strong for western expansion

Front 97

William Henry Harrison W

Back 97

first delegate NW territory, lad act 1800. led army Tippecanoe and battle of thames

Front 98

Andrew Jackson W

Back 98

Commander, militia in war 1812. strong support SW and W

Front 99

Election of 1824

Back 99

All Democratic Republicans.

John Quincy Adams wins

Jackson and supporters furious (began planning 1828 elections)

Front 100

John Quincy Adams

Back 100

wanted national university, astronomy, scientific research and education, large int improv

But no consideration

Unpopular administration, because still had Jacksonian's in office

Front 101

Tariff of 1824

Back 101

Rates increased

mid states supported

england opposed

south opposed any tariff

Made sectional issues more serious

Front 102

Election 1828

Back 102

bitter personal attacks

Easy victory for Andrew Jackson

Growth in Votes

Front 103

Tariff 1828

Back 103

Rates High on manuf and raw goods

Front 104

What did John C Calhoun think of the tariff

Back 104

crush south permanent minority

wrote "South Carolina Exposition and Protest"

Acts deemed unconstitutional, declare unconstitutional

Front 105

Jackson Image and approach in politics

Back 105

Natural aristocrat, and common man

Men had instinctive wisdom. made spoils system

Front 106

Spoils system

Back 106

appointing political friends replacing enemies

Front 107

why did Jackson have a poor administration

Back 107

relied on intuition and friendly advice, lacked imagination and overly concerned government expenses

Front 108

How did Jackson exercise his power?

Back 108

Vetoed 6 bills

Front 109

Pursue on nationalistic policies

Back 109

do what the people want

tariff reduced, less int improv, price of land no decrease, surplus revenue to states

Front 110

Indian removal act

Back 110

Move Indians west of Mississippi