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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Drugs to treat ocular HTN, open angled glaucoma
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Prostaglin analog
beta blocker carbonic anhydrase inhibitor alpha 2 agonsit |
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Goal to treat ocular hypertension
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decrease IOP by 20-30%
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Goal to treat open angle glaucoma
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prevent further visual loss
decrease IOP by 20-30% |
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Goal in treating close angle glaucoma
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rapid reduction of IOP
suppression of inflammation reversal of angle closure preserve vision |
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Step 1 in the treatment of closed angled glaucoma
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systemic CAI/topical BB/topical steroid
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Step 2 in the treatment of closed angled glaucoma
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pilocarpine
2 doses. 1 hr after step 1, second dose 15 min later |
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Step 3 in the treatment of closed angled glaucoma
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Iridotomy
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Laser treatment for glaucoma
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Laser trabeculoplasty (OAG, CAG))
Laser iridotomy (CAG) Cyclophotocoagulation (OAG) |
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3 prostaglandin agents for glaucoma
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latanoprost
travoprost bimatoprost |
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SE of prostaglandin analogs
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punctate corneal erosions and conjunctival hyperemia are rare, altered iris pigmentation (15-30%), uveitis, burning and stinging
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Beta blocker agents for glaucoma
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timolol (Timoptic, Timoptic-XE)
levobunolol (Betagan)* metipranolol (OptiPranolol) carteolol (Ocupress) betaxolol (Betoptic S |
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MOA of beta blockers on glaucoma
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decrease aqueous humor production by ciliary body
|
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Dose frequency for levobunolol
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once a day
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Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor agents for glaucoma
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dorzolamide (Trusopt)
brinzolamide (Azopt) |
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Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist agents for glaucoma
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Brimonidine
Apraclonidine |
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MOA of Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
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↓ rate of aqueous humor production
↑ aqueous outflow |
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Effectiveness of prostaglandin in decreasing IOP
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25-30%
|
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Effectiveness of beta blockers in decreasing IOP
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20-30%
|
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Effectiveness of CAI in decreasing IOP
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15-25%
|
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Effectiveness of alpha adrenergic agonists in decreasing IOP
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18-27%
|
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Cautions in using alpha adrenergic agonist for glaucoma
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CV disease, MAOI use, tricyclic antidepressant use
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Parasympathomimetic agents for glaucoma
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pilocarpine
carbachol |
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MOA of Parasympathomimetic agents on glaucoma
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↑ aqueous humor trabecular outflow
|
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Effectiveness of Parasympathomimetic agents
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20-30% decrease in IOP
|
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Systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors agents for glaucoma
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acetazolamide (Diamox)
methazolamide (Neptazane) |
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Effectiveness of systemic CAI in tx-ing glaucoma
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25-40%
|
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MOA of Epinephrine and Dipivefrin in tx-ing glaucoma
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↑ uveoscleral and trabecular outflow of aqueous humor
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Combination products for glaucoma
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Combigan – brimonidine / timolol
Cosopt – dorzolamide / timolol |
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Surgical procedures for glaucoma
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Filtering surgery (trabeculectomy)
Glaucoma Drainage Device (tube shunt) |