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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Drugs to treat ocular HTN, open angled glaucoma
Prostaglin analog
beta blocker
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
alpha 2 agonsit
Goal to treat ocular hypertension
decrease IOP by 20-30%
Goal to treat open angle glaucoma
prevent further visual loss
decrease IOP by 20-30%
Goal in treating close angle glaucoma
rapid reduction of IOP
suppression of inflammation
reversal of angle closure
preserve vision
Step 1 in the treatment of closed angled glaucoma
systemic CAI/topical BB/topical steroid
Step 2 in the treatment of closed angled glaucoma
pilocarpine
2 doses. 1 hr after step 1, second dose 15 min later
Step 3 in the treatment of closed angled glaucoma
Iridotomy
Laser treatment for glaucoma
Laser trabeculoplasty (OAG, CAG))
Laser iridotomy (CAG)
Cyclophotocoagulation (OAG)
3 prostaglandin agents for glaucoma
latanoprost
travoprost
bimatoprost
SE of prostaglandin analogs
punctate corneal erosions and conjunctival hyperemia are rare, altered iris pigmentation (15-30%), uveitis, burning and stinging
Beta blocker agents for glaucoma
timolol (Timoptic, Timoptic-XE)
levobunolol (Betagan)*
metipranolol (OptiPranolol)
carteolol (Ocupress)
betaxolol (Betoptic S
MOA of beta blockers on glaucoma
decrease aqueous humor production by ciliary body
Dose frequency for levobunolol
once a day
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor agents for glaucoma
dorzolamide (Trusopt)
brinzolamide (Azopt)
Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist agents for glaucoma
Brimonidine
Apraclonidine
MOA of Alpha 2 adrenergic agonist
↓ rate of aqueous humor production
↑ aqueous outflow
Effectiveness of prostaglandin in decreasing IOP
25-30%
Effectiveness of beta blockers in decreasing IOP
20-30%
Effectiveness of CAI in decreasing IOP
15-25%
Effectiveness of alpha adrenergic agonists in decreasing IOP
18-27%
Cautions in using alpha adrenergic agonist for glaucoma
CV disease, MAOI use, tricyclic antidepressant use
Parasympathomimetic agents for glaucoma
pilocarpine
carbachol
MOA of Parasympathomimetic agents on glaucoma
↑ aqueous humor trabecular outflow
Effectiveness of Parasympathomimetic agents
20-30% decrease in IOP
Systemic carbonic anhydrase inhibitors agents for glaucoma
acetazolamide (Diamox)
methazolamide (Neptazane)
Effectiveness of systemic CAI in tx-ing glaucoma
25-40%
MOA of Epinephrine and Dipivefrin in tx-ing glaucoma
↑ uveoscleral and trabecular outflow of aqueous humor
Combination products for glaucoma
Combigan – brimonidine / timolol
Cosopt – dorzolamide / timolol
Surgical procedures for glaucoma
Filtering surgery (trabeculectomy)
Glaucoma Drainage Device (tube shunt)