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53 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functionalism What does Murdock say about the family? |
Murdock loves the Nuclear family and it does these jobs for society; reproduction, regulation of sexual activities, socialisation, economic. |
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What does Parsons say about the family? |
That the family perform Socialisation of children and stabilisation of adult personalities. |
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Marxism What's the marxist perspective on the family? |
Marxists see all society's institutions such as the education system, the media and the family as helping to maintain class inequality. The family performs ideological functions for capitalism. |
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Give an example of one way that Marxists believe the family perform ideological functions for capitalism? |
By socialising children into the idea that hierarchy and inequality are inevitable |
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What does Zaretsky say? |
Zaretsky says that women are takers of sh*t and the family cannot meet it's members' needs. |
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Engels |
Monomgamy because essential because of the inheritance of private property - men had to be certain of the paternity of their children. Made women become 'an instrument for the production of children'. |
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What are the criticisms of the Marxist Perspective? |
Marxists tend to assume that the nuclear family is dominant in capitalist society and ignore other family types. Functionalists argue that marxists ignore the benefits of that the family provides for it's members. |
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Liberal Feminism
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Women's oppression is being gradually overcome through changing attitudes and and changes in the law such as the Sex Discrimination Act (1975). We are moving towards greater equality but full equality will depend on further changes in attitude and education. |
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Marxist Feminism |
Main cause of women's oppression is capitalism. Women's oppression performs several functions for capitalism: -women reproduce the labour force through their unpaid domestic work, by socialising the next generation of workers and looking after the current one -women absorb anger that would otherwise be directed as capitalism. -women are a 'reserve army' of cheap labour that can be taken on when extra workers are needed. |
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What does Fran Ansley (1972) say? |
Describes wives as takers of sh*t who soak up the frustration their husbands feel because of the exploitation they suffer at work. |
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Radical Feminism |
All societies have been founded on patriarchy. Men are the enemy, source of women's oppression and exploitation. The family and marriage are key institutions in patriarchal society. Men benefit from women's unpaid domestic work and sexual services and they dominate women through domestic and sexual violence or the threat of it. Believe in political lesbianism. |
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Germaine Greer (2000) |
argues for the creation of all female or 'matrilocal' households as an alternative to the heterosexual family. |
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Criticism of Radical Feminist explanation: Jenny Sommerville (2000) |
Says that radical feminists fail to recognise that women's position has improved considerably with better access to divorce, job opportunities etc. But she does accept that women haven't yet achieved full equality. |
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Difference Feminism |
We cannot generalise about women's experiences. For example that lesbian and heterosexual women, black and white women, middle class and working class women etc have different experiences of the family to each other. |
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New Right Charles Murray (1984) |
Growth of lone parents down to an over generous welfare state. Argues that this has created a perverse incentive, that is rewards irresponsible behaviour such as having children without being able to provide for them. Welfare state creates a 'dependency culture' |
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New Right |
Conservative and anti feminist perspective on the family. Traditional nuclear family is the only correct family type. 'natural' family based on the biological differences between men and women. Decline of nuclear family and growth of family diversity are the cause of social problems such as higher crime rates.
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New Right view on Lone parents |
Lone parent families are unnatural and harmful especially to children, argue that lone mothers cannot discipline their children properly, are a burden on the welfare state and leave boys without a male role model. |
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Ronald Fletehcer (1966) perspective on family and social policy |
Argues that the introduction of health, education and housing policies in the years since industrial revolution has led to development of the welfare state that supports the family in performing it's functions more effectively. |
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Postmodernism and the family
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Individuals today have more choice in their relationships and family practises. Increased choice is producing diversity in family types. More choice allows people to leave unsatisfied relationships.
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What family type do postmodernists say is the best?
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They don't say one type is better because they believe that they all work.
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Postmodernism
Giddens: choice and equality |
Family and marriage have been transformed by greater choice and more equality between men and women.
Women gained independence Contraception allowed sex and intimacy to become main reasons for a relationships existence not reproduction. |
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Define 'pure relationship'
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A relationship which exists to meet each partners needs and only continues as long as both partners are happy.
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Postmodernism
Beck |
Risk society and the negotiated family.
We now live in a risk society where tradition has less influence and people have more choice. More aware of risks. Nuclear family going away because of greater gender equality and individualism. |
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Postmodernism and the family
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Individuals today have more choice in their relationships and family practises. Increased choice is producing diversity in family types. More choice allows people to leave unsatisfied relationships.
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What family type do postmodernists say is the best?
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They don't say one type is better because they believe that they all work.
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Postmodernism
Giddens: choice and equality |
Family and marriage have been transformed by greater choice and more equality between men and women.
Women gained independence Contraception allowed sex and intimacy to become main reasons for a relationships existence not reproduction. |
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Define 'pure relationship'
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A relationship which exists to meet each partners needs and only continues as long as both partners are happy.
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Postmodernism
Beck |
Risk society and the negotiated family.
We now live in a risk society where tradition has less influence and people have more choice. More aware of risks. Nuclear family going away because of greater gender equality and individualism. |
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Define negotiated families
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Do not conform to the traditional norm but vary according to the wishes and expectations of their members.
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Postmodernism and the family
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Individuals today have more choice in their relationships and family practises. Increased choice is producing diversity in family types. More choice allows people to leave unsatisfied relationships.
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What family type do postmodernists say is the best?
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They don't say one type is better because they believe that they all work.
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Postmodernism
Giddens: choice and equality |
Family and marriage have been transformed by greater choice and more equality between men and women.
Women gained independence Contraception allowed sex and intimacy to become main reasons for a relationships existence not reproduction. |
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Define 'pure relationship'
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A relationship which exists to meet each partners needs and only continues as long as both partners are happy.
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Postmodernism
Beck |
Risk society and the negotiated family.
We now live in a risk society where tradition has less influence and people have more choice. More aware of risks. Nuclear family going away because of greater gender equality and individualism. |
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Define negotiated families
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Do not conform to the traditional norm but vary according to the wishes and expectations of their members.
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Postmodernism
Weeks |
Shift in attitudes since the 1950's, sexual morality is a matter of personal choice. Growing acceptance of sexual and family diversity. However family patterns continue to be fairly traditional.
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Postmodernism and the family
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Individuals today have more choice in their relationships and family practises. Increased choice is producing diversity in family types. More choice allows people to leave unsatisfied relationships.
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What family type do postmodernists say is the best?
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They don't say one type is better because they believe that they all work.
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Postmodernism
Giddens: choice and equality |
Family and marriage have been transformed by greater choice and more equality between men and women.
Women gained independence Contraception allowed sex and intimacy to become main reasons for a relationships existence not reproduction. |
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Define 'pure relationship'
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A relationship which exists to meet each partners needs and only continues as long as both partners are happy.
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Postmodernism
Beck |
Risk society and the negotiated family.
We now live in a risk society where tradition has less influence and people have more choice. More aware of risks. Nuclear family going away because of greater gender equality and individualism. |
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Define negotiated families
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Do not conform to the traditional norm but vary according to the wishes and expectations of their members.
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Postmodernism
Weeks |
Shift in attitudes since the 1950's, sexual morality is a matter of personal choice. Growing acceptance of sexual and family diversity. However family patterns continue to be fairly traditional.
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Postmodernism
Stacey Choice is good for women |
Greater choice has benefited women, enabled them to free themselves from patriarchal oppression and shape family arrangements to meet their needs.
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Postmodernism and the family
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Individuals today have more choice in their relationships and family practises. Increased choice is producing diversity in family types. More choice allows people to leave unsatisfied relationships.
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What family type do postmodernists say is the best?
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They don't say one type is better because they believe that they all work.
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Postmodernism
Giddens: choice and equality |
Family and marriage have been transformed by greater choice and more equality between men and women.
Women gained independence Contraception allowed sex and intimacy to become main reasons for a relationships existence not reproduction. |
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Define 'pure relationship'
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A relationship which exists to meet each partners needs and only continues as long as both partners are happy.
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Postmodernism
Beck |
Risk society and the negotiated family.
We now live in a risk society where tradition has less influence and people have more choice. More aware of risks. Nuclear family going away because of greater gender equality and individualism. |
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Define negotiated families
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Do not conform to the traditional norm but vary according to the wishes and expectations of their members.
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Postmodernism
Weeks |
Shift in attitudes since the 1950's, sexual morality is a matter of personal choice. Growing acceptance of sexual and family diversity. However family patterns continue to be fairly traditional.
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Postmodernism
Stacey Choice is good for women |
Greater choice has benefited women, enabled them to free themselves from patriarchal oppression and shape family arrangements to meet their needs.
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Cheal
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We no longer live in the 'modern' world with its predictable orderly structures such as the nuclear family. Family structures are fragmented and individuals have much more choice in their lifestyles and personal relationships.
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