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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Primordial Universe |
The original state of the cosmos was a primordial mixture of all its ingredients. |
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Aristotelian Universe |
Aristotle established a geocentric universe which fixed, spherical Earth is at the center surrounded by concentric celestial spheres |
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Gravity |
Tendency of earth and water to sink |
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Stoic Universe |
The stoic philosophers of ancient Greece believed that universe is like a giant living body |
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Heliocentric Universe |
The sun not the earth, is at the center of the known universe |
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Aristarchus |
Was the first person to present an explicit argument for a heliocentric model of the solar system. |
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Seleucus |
Supported this theory and used tides to explain heliocentricity and the influence of the moon. |
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Aryabhata and Ja'faribn Muhammad Abu Ma'shar al-Balkhi |
They described the elliptical orbits around the sun in the 5th and 9th century CE. |
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Claudius Prolemaeus |
•He described a geocentric universe based on the theory of aristotle •The planets and the rest o the universe orbit a stationary Earth in circular epicycles. |
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Abrahamic Universe |
Several medieval Christian, Muslim, and Jewish scholars put forward the idea of this universe |
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John Philoponus |
Was the first to argue that the universe is finite in time |
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Somayaji Nilakantha |
Proposed the partially heliocentric universe |
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Nicolaus Copernicus |
He adapted the geocentric Maragha of In al-Shatir to meet the requirements of the heliocentric universe of Aristarchus. |
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Thomas Digges |
Popularized Copernicus ideas and also extended them by positing the existence of a multitude of stars. |
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Giordano Bruno |
Suggested that even the solar system is not the center of the universe. |
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Johannes Kepler |
Abandoned the classical assumption of circular orbits in favor of elliptical orbits |
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Cartesian Vortex Universe |
A model of the universe with many of the characteristics of Newton's static, infinite universe. (Rene Descartes) |
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Gravitational effects |
Formed by the huge swirling whirlpools of fine matter |
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Sir isaac Newton |
Published his "Principia" which described a static steady state, infinite universe. |
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Hierarchical universe and the Nebular Hypothesis |
Was first proposed by Emanuel Swedenburg |
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Einsteinian Universe |
The model of the universe assumed by Albert Einstein. |
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Edwin Hubble |
Showed that the universe was not static. |
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Big Bang Theory |
Describes the universe as originating in an infinitely tiny, infinitely dense point or singularity between 13 to 14 billion years ago. |
