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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Ancient civilization (Plato and Aristotle) |
Observe children playing in order to understand them |
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Middle ages |
Children were considered as small adults and worked like adults did to contribute to their family's needs |
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Renaissance Era (1200-1700) |
Play used to encourage children's learning |
Childhood prep for adulthood |
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John Locke (1632-1704) |
● Saw the minds of children as blank slates ●Recognized children's "individuality" (class) ● Pointed out the need to be purposeful and careful with children's education |
Children's minds = blank slates |
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Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) |
Identified childhood as an important stage in the life cycle Believed that children should learn by experience Believe that society corrupts children |
Society corrupts children |
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Johann Pestalozzi (1746-1827) |
First early childhood educator Trained educators to observe children . Valued sensory experiences and self-selected activities |
First early childhood educator |
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Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) |
Recognized as the creator of kindergartens Believe in the value of play as vehicle for children's learning |
Creator of kindergarten |
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Surplus energy (Schiller & Spencer) |
People who have more energy than needed for work |
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Recreation or relaxation (Lazarus) |
Play opposite of work, play restores energy |
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Recapitulation (Stanley hall) |
Children re-enact the developmental stages of humans in their play |
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Practice/ pre-exercise (Karl Groos) |
Play serves to practice instincts needed for future (adult life) |
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Sigmund Freud |
Play is a coping mechanism |
Psychoanalytic theory |
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Erikson |
Play builds ego, contributes to self-esteem |
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Albert Bandura |
Positive reinforcements/ imitation, social influences of play = power + status |
Boo boo doll theory |
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Jean piaget |
Children engage in play that matches their cognitive development |
Cognitive |
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Lev Vygotsky |
Knowledge built through interactions with society, zone of proximal development |
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Jérôme bruner |
importance of narrative stores acted our in play |
Process over product |
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Howard Gardner |
9 intelligence |
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Sutton Smith |
Play increases the child's repertoire and responses |
Modern interpretation of play |
