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11 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
School of thought is known as:
Logical Positivism: Theory of wrong

Idea that you can prove a theory by conducting an experiment: Theory <-> Data
Popper
He said you cannot do an experiment and prove a theory but you can conduct experiments and try to prove the theory wrong. Then, by not proving the theory is wrong after several times then the theory must be true = theory testing.

The problem with disproving a theory is that they could have been a problem with the experiment or how the problem theory was conducted.
Kuhn
Instead of trying to show theories can be proved or disproved, we can test scientific theories. Kuhn argued that is we looked at the history of science and experiments, people do not give up on their theories.

Anomaly- includes theory and every time the study disproves and you end up with a lot of anomalies, scientists need to give up.
Lakatos
Argued against Kuhn in that it is not anomalies accumulated but whether or not the theory is useful when people don't give up.
Lauden
Argreed with Lakatos that you need to remember and take into consideration what is important at the time regarding theories. This is because whatseems to be important to people now may not be year's to come.
Mysticism
Is the belief that there is one idea that explains everything that is the true natures of everything. The belief that the true naturen and everythign in the universe is loved.

A mystical experience- one way or another they have an experience to underatnd the nature of the universe.

If you argue, love is apart but there is also a lot of hate. A mystical will tell you its an illusion.

Mysticism is based on faith, must have some experience or you won't get it.
Formism
The idea that you can recognize things based on the form that they have. In biology, we categorize different species into categoris. In psychology, we use that same method to understand psychological problems such as mood disorders, ect. Certain theories divide perople into different personality types.

Considered to be scientific because you can argue against it.
Mechanism
The idea of cause and effect. Idea that everything has a cause. A->B, if you want to explain B, you have to find a cause.
-Mechanism explanations are the best idea. Modern scientists believe differently.
-Cause of depression- tendency to think negatively.
-Theory cause you can do a study to conclude
Organeism
Idea that you need to study the belief of something. You need to study the development from birth to death. You can argue.
Contextualism
Has become most popular in recent years. Has to do with understanding where MEANING comes from.
-If you read a word, you will have an underatnding, you need to look at the larger context of the book
-Need to examine contect for a better understanding. A person with depresion- look at the person's family, friends and look at the context all around this person and the depression starts to make sense.
-Everytime you look at the larger context, you get a better argument.
-Scientific.
Contextualism
Has become most popular in recent years. Has to do with understanding where MEANING comes from.
-If you read a word, you will have an underatnding, you need to look at the larger context of the book
-Need to examine contect for a better understanding. A person with depresion- look at the person's family, friends and look at the context all around this person and the depression starts to make sense.
-Everytime you look at the larger context, you get a better argument.
-Scientific.