Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Place Theory |
perceived pitch to region |
|
|
Frequency Theory |
pitch to frequency of sound waves and frequency of neuron firing |
|
|
Facial Feedback hypothesis |
sensations from the face provide cues to the brain that help us determine what emotion we are feeling |
|
|
Statistical Significance |
.05 chance accounts for results less than 5% of the time |
|
|
Template Matching Theory |
stored copies |
|
|
Prototype Matching Theory |
recoginition involves comparison |
|
|
Feature Analysis Theory |
patterns are represented and recognized by distinctive features |
|
|
Restoration Theory |
We sleep in order to replenish |
|
|
Adaptative Nonresponding Theory |
sleep and inactivity have survived value |
|
|
Activation-Synthesis hpyothesis |
dreams are products of spontaneous neural activity |
|
|
Thordnike's Law of effect |
reward and punishment encourages and discourages responding |
|
|
Premack Principle |
states that any high probability behavior can be used as a reward for any lower probability behavior |
|
|
Continuity vs. Discontinuity |
theories of developement nature v nurture |
|
|
Serial position phenomenon |
sequences influence recall |
|
|
Primary effect |
enhanced memory for items presented earlier |
|
|
Recency effect |
enhanced memory for items presented later |
|
|
Decay theory |
forgetting caused by learning similar materials proactive initially retroactive previously |
|
|
Linguistic relativity hypothesis |
person's language determines and limits a persons experiences |
|
|
Hull's drive reduction model |
motivation arises out of need |
|
|
Cognitive consistency theory |
cognitive inconsistencies create tension and thus motivate the organism |
|
|
Festinger's Cognitive dissonance theory
|
reconcile cognitive discrepancies |
|
|
Arousal Theories
|
we all have optimal levels of stimulation that we try to maintain
|
|
|
Yerkes-Dodson law |
arousal will increase performances up to a point, the further increases will impair performance, inverted U function |
|
|
Incentive theory
|
behavior is pulled rather than pushed |
|
|
James-Lange theory |
emotion is caused by bodily changes |
|
|
Cannon-Bard's Thalamic theory
|
emotional expression caused by simultaneous changing bodily event thoughts and feelings |
|
|
Schachter's Cognitive-Physiological Theory
|
bodily changes, current stimuli, events, and memories combine to determine behavior |
|
|
Attribution theory |
explains how people make inferences about the causes of behavior; personal or situational; self serving bias |
|
|
Deindividuation |
loss of self-restraint that occurs out of anonymity |
|
|
Contact theory
|
proposes that equal status contact between antagonistic groups should lower tension and bring harmony |
|
|
Selye's General Adaotion Syndrome
|
emergency reaction to stressful situations, alarm reactions, resistance and exhaustion |
|
|
Weber's law |
just noticeable difference |
|
|
(trichromatic theory) |
color determined by the relative activity in red, blue or green sensitive cones
|
|
|
Opponent-Process Color theory |
color information is organized into three antagonistic pairs |
|
|
Kubler-Ross' Stages of Death |
2. anger 3. bargaining 4. depression 5. acceptance |
|
|
Erickson's Psychosocial Development
|
Infancy: trust v mistrust & autonomy v shame Childhood: initiative v guilt & industry v territory Adolescence: identity v role confusion Adulthood: generality v stagnation & ego v dispair |
|
|
Kohlberg's Moral Judgment
|
Conventional: social rules Postconventional: universal principles |
|
|
Piaget's Cognitive-Development Theory
|
Preoperational: egocentrism, animism, artificalism Concrete Operational: reversibility, conservative problems Formal Operational: personal fable |
